人的脉搏

本文介绍了动脉脉搏形成的机制,描记方法。脉搏波的传播速度和血流速度是完全不同的生理现象;桡动脉脉搏波曲线由主脉波和重脉波组成,颈静脉脉搏波曲线由a波、C波和V波组成,以及这些脉搏波曲线的生理意义和病理变化;祖国医学关于脉搏波的研究。今天,切脉仍然是诊断疾病的重要手段之一。     

鸟类脑干听觉诱发电位的观察

采用短声刺激鸟类听觉感受器的方法,对15只健康成年虎皮鹦鹉的脑干听觉诱发电位进行了实验观察。结果发现,鸟类头顶均能记录到与听觉有关的脑干听觉诱发电位Ⅰ波、Ⅱ波、Ⅲ波、Ⅳ波和Ⅴ波。为鸟类语言发声研究的听力学评价提供一个简便可行的方法。     

多态T 波区间检测技术的研究

目的:利用小波变换进行T波区间的检测。方法:在23尺度上通过模极大值法定位R波。在24尺度上首先根据R峰以及T波起点和终点的经验值确定起始T波区间。然后对每个心拍在此区间上找到T波的模极大值,根据模极值的个数和正负顺序确定T波波形的形态。由于不同形态的T波对应不同的T波起点和终点的检测方法,实现T波区间的分类检测,提高T波检测的精确度。由于本文算法是作为T波交替检测的前期工作,为了验证算法的准确率,采用了QT数据库中的部分记录进行了仿真,评价实验结果。结果:仿真实验证明了本文算法能正确地分辨出每个T波的形态,并在此基础上得到较为准确的T波区间。结论:本文采用模极大值算法根据T波的不同形态进行T波区间的分类检测,检测结果比较理想,且计算简单,较易实现。     

心电信号的计算机分析—特征检测

心电信号的特征检测是心电计算机分析的核心内容,本文报导了作者采用的方法,包括Ｒ波定位,ＱＲＳ波群区分点检测,Ｐ波,Ｔ波区发点的检测,Ｕ波的检测以及Ｐ－Ｑ,Ｓ－Ｔ段的分析,测试结果表明这些方法的优越性和可靠性,在ＳＴ段分析上有较大突破。     

一种心电波群实时检测的新算法

本文提出了一种新的ＱＲＳ波群检测方法－斜率匹配最大值检测法，该方法与现有的其他ＱＲＳ波群检测方法相比，具有算法简单，抗噪声性能好的特点。     

ECG 信号QRS 波群检测算法的进展

QRS波群是ECG信号的重要组成部分,是心电信号分析的基础.QRS波群的检测方法已经有很多种实用有效的方法,并逐步地走向成熟,在实际应用中得到实现.本文就QRS波群的检测方法作了具体的整理与分析,较全面的阐述了实际应用中的各种算法,最后作者对检测算法的发展趋势进行了总结和展望.     

假眼小绿叶蝉（Empoasca vitis Gothe）在不同品种茶树上的取食行为

应用可视DC-EPG方法研究了假眼小绿叶蝉(Empoasca vitis Gothe)在9个品种茶苗上的口针刺探行为,共发现并初步确定了7种主要波型,即A波、S波、C波、E波、F波和R波、以及非刺探波NP波。A波为刺探波,S波为口针向韧皮部刺探和进入韧皮部中的分泌唾液波,C波为口针到达韧皮部之前的主动取食波,E波和F波为口针在韧皮部中吸收波,R波为取食间歇波。以该叶蝉在不同品种茶树上的平均刺探次数和各波形平均持续时间为指标,或者以其在不同品种茶树上含有各波形的单次刺探平均持续时间为指标,分别进行聚类分析,均将9个品种分为3个不同的组。S、E和F波对应着假眼小绿叶蝉在茶树上的主要取食活动,可能与茶树抗假眼小绿叶蝉的取食密切相关。以S、E和F各波的平均持续时间、以及含有各波形的单次刺探的平均持续时间为指标,对品种的抗性强弱排序,评判9个茶树品种抗叶蝉取食能力由强至弱的顺序为:龙井长叶、黄旦、政和大白茶、黔湄601、红芽佛手、中茶102、中茶302、龙井43和安吉白茶。该顺序与田间查得的9个品种茶树上假眼小绿叶蝉种群密度由小到大的顺序一致,表明DC-EPG方法简捷、可信度高,可作为检测茶树品种对叶蝉抗性的有效手段之一。     

一类含时滞的Logistic反应扩散方程的波前解

研究一类含时滞的Logistic滞反应扩散方程的波前解．通过构造合适的上下解,证明了当时滞充分小时,方程存在波前解．用线性化方法,给出了存在波前解的时滞τ取值范围的一个估计．     

一个具有年龄结构的单种群离散反应扩散模型的波前解

利用上下解方法研究了一个具有年龄结构的单种群离散反应扩散模型波前解的存在性,并证明了存在具有临界波速的波前解.     

白暨豚正常心电图的初步探讨

1980年以来,我们测定了白鱀豚(Lipotes vexillifer)“淇淇”和“珍珍”的心电图,并与人和其他海豚的心电图作了比较,从而确定了白鱀豚心电图常规导联的联接方法,并比较完整地描述了白鱀豚正常心电图的特征。研究发现,白鱀豚的心电图各波、段和间期的正常范围基本与人的相近,但T波的特征与人不同,人的T波与同导联的主波方向一致,而白鱀豚的T波却正好相反。P—R间期明显比人的延长。本研究将为白鱀豚心血管疾病的诊断提供重要依据。     

蜘蛛染色体标本制备技术新探

本文介绍了一种全新的制备蜘蛛染色体的方法,详细阐述了该方法的操作过程及技术要点。经研究发现灰斑新园蜘的染色体2n=44,大腹园蜘染色体2n=32。     

SUPERFICIAL EPITHELIOMA OF THE COVERED PARTS OF THE BODY

In individuals with primary cutaneous epithelioma there may be a widespread predisposition of the basal cell layer of the epidermis toward the production of growths of this type. The differential diagnosis usually can be made on clinical characteristics, but in some instances differentiation is difficult and a correct diagnosis may be reached only by microscopic examination of the tissue.The radioresistance of this type of epithelioma is emphasized and the selection of the proper method of treatment is discussed.Consideration of the factors of (1) size and location of the lesion, (2) age, and (3) general condition of the patient may result in a decision that, in some cases, no treatment is indicated. Biochemical, cytological and pathological studies of basal cell epithelioma might lead to a clearer understanding of the nature of epitheliomas in general.     

典范分析法在黄河三角洲莱州湾滨海区盐生植物群落研究中的应用

典范变量分析能同时处理两种类型的变量集并给出它们之间的相关系数。本文采用该方法对黄河三角洲地区的10个植物群丛及其土壤的有关性质进行了分析。典范相关系数是0.9和1。文中同时求出了所有典范变量,保留了原数据的全部信息。结果表明该地区植被的动态变化与土壤水盐及有机质含量的动态变化显著相关。土壤的水盐动态是这一地区植被演替的制约因素。二维典范变量图较直观地表示出了群丛间的演替关系。初步判断出芦苇和白茅群丛是这一地区植被演替过程中相对稳定的阶段。该方法对研究植物群落的分布及植被演替等内容是很有帮助的。     

真空负压ABC法在各种组织相关抗原检测的应用研究

在免疫组化染色过程中,如何把各组织中的相关抗原充分地显示出来,许多免疫组化工作者进行了各种方法的探讨。但是,其结果却不十分理想,主要问题是染色的背景深及组织切片容易脱离载片,造成染色的失败。真空负压在免疫组化染色过程中的应用,能减少步骤,缩短时间,消除非特异性染色,使背景清晰,易于判断结果。并且避免了组织切片脱落现象,还可提高某些抗体的稀释度。此法均可使用金属性或非金属性器皿,而且整个过程都可在室温中进行,比微波技术更为简便易行,安全可靠,实用性强,成本低,有较大的推广价值。     

RADIATION THERAPY OF RINGWORM OF THE SCALP

A recent epidemic of tinea capitis in children has revived a considerable interest in the methods of treatment of this disease.The most efficacious form of therapy for M. audouini infections is roentgen epilation.The various methods of x-ray treatment are briefly presented and compared. A modification of the four-point technique is shown to offer a simple yet safe method of curing ringworm of the scalp. Results with this method compare favorably with the best of those reported by the use of other methods.Cure was effected by this method in all of a group of 125 cases.     

AN ACCOUNT OF THE HATCHING STRATEGIES OF BIRDS

1. Three basic hatching methods are described together with one subsidiary method. The symmetrical method is characterized by rotation of the chick in the egg during hatching climax; a line of damage around the circumference of the egg is evident at the beginning of a pushing phase which causes a fairly symmetrical cap to be broken from the shell. The asymmetrical method is used by a few long-billed species; it involves little or no rotation of the chick in the egg, and produces asymmetrical shell remains. The megapodes have developed a unique hatching method in response to their unusual incubation conditions. Parental assistance has been observed in some species, but only as an auxiliary to either the symmetrical or asymmetrical method. Approximately 150 species have been categorized according to the hatching method(s) they use. 2. Among those species adopting the symmetrical method, there is considerable variability as to how far the chick turns in the egg during hatching climax. On this basis, a spectrum of behaviour, expressed in terms of angle of rotation (θ), has been proposed. At one end lie species such as the bobwhite quail and little owl (θ≥ 360°), and at the other, the ostrich and rhea (θ≤ 90°). 3. The theory that, with the exception of the megapodes, there is only one basic hatching method is examined. The tenets of this theory are found to be inconsistent with recent observations of species differences in hatching behaviour. It is concluded that hatching behaviour is governed by an intrinsic species-specific programme, in turn influenced by mechanical or other external factors. 4. The literature contains several suggestions as to the external factors that might influence hatching technique, but only one detailed investigation. It is proposed that interspecific differences in the mechanical properties of the egg integument (the shell and its underlying membranes) can be regarded as forming a spectrum from very brittle to comparatively tough. The amount of climax rotation by the chick is seen as an adaptive response to brittleness or toughness of the egg integument. The hatching technique of the chick is further modified as a response to the effect of moisture content on the integument. 5. The selective pressures leading to the evolution of the symmetrical and asymmetrical hatching methods are discussed. The previous model for the development of the asymmetrical method is amended to account for those species of gull which may adopt either method.     

THE LABELLED MITOSES CURVE AND THE ESTIMATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE CELL CYCLE

A method is described for fitting a 'fraction labelled mitoses'curve to a set of data points and for estimating the values of the best fitting parameters of the cell cycle. Estimates of the SE of the parameters are obtained. The method depends on the fact that when gamma distributions are used to describe the durations of the phases of the cell cycle, the Laplace transform of a FLM curve can be described by simple analytic functions enabling a least squares fit to be made to a set of Laplace transforms of the experimental data. The method is easy to program and quick to execute.     

啮齿动物的巢区面积估算法

巢区(Home range)是动物在其巢附近进行取食、生殖、育幼等日常活动的区域(Burt 1940)。标志流放法是应用最广的调查啮齿动物巢区的方法,尤其是按方格式布笼。但对同一野外调查结果,由于估算方法不同,巢区估算值相差很大,并且至今尚无学者提出一致公认的估算法。1980年5-10月,我们在青海省门源县的高寒草甸生态系统定位站调查根田鼠的巢区,按多种估算法对同一批实际调查结果估计了巢区面积,并对结果进行了分析比较,检查其特点和优缺点,并提出修正平均值法,作为我们今后讨论根田鼠巢区动态的基础。 对方格式布笼的调查结果进行巢区的估算方法,基本上分二大类,图形法和概率性模型法。图形法是按照捕点分布划出巢区,并直接求出巢区面积,如最小面积法,包括或不包括周边地带法,最大距离法和复合散布图法。     

药物动力学中矩量计算的方法

本文给出了计算药物动力学的矩的一种方法,并给出了截断误差公式。最后,通过例题,将梯形法、对数梯形法及文[5]的方法以及本文的方法,作了比较,并可看出本文方法算出的结果最为精确。     

赤霉素产生菌~#85104菌株原生质体的形成再生和紫外光对原生质体诱变条件的研究

赤霉产生菌在正常条件下不产生孢子,育种材料以多核菌丝体及其碎片为主,大部分常用的诱变剂对它们诱变效应较差。本文报导有关赤霉素产生菌~#85104菌株原生质体的获得、再生和紫外光诱变原生质体的条件,甘氨酸对菌丝体生长的影响,以及采用二硫苏糖醇预处理菌丝体等方面条件的研究。在采用紫外光照射原生质体的诱变处理下,已获得数株高产的新菌株。