The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S19

The covalent structure of rat ribosomal protein S19 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed from the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. Ribosomal protein S19 contains 144 amino acids (the NH2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA) and has a molecular weight of 15,944. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 15-18 copies of the S19 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 640 nucleotides in length. Rat S19 is related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae S16A and to Halobacterium marismortui S12.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S13

The covalent structure of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S13 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed from the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. Rat S13 contains 150 amino acids (the NH2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA) and has a molecular weight of 17,080. Hybridization of a S13 cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 8-10 copies of the gene for the protein. The mRNA for the protein is about 620 nucleotides in length. Rat S13 is related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae YS15 and to Halobacterium marismortui S11. The protein contains a possible internal duplication of 12 residues.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S25.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S25 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein S25 has 125 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 13,733. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 19 to 22 copies of the S25 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 550 nucleotides in length. Rat S25 is homologous to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes (human and yeast).     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S7

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S7 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs and confirmed from the amino acid sequence of a cyanogen bromide peptide obtained from the protein. Ribosomal protein S7 has 194 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 22,113. Hybridization of the cDNA to digest of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 14-16 copies of the S7 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 725 nucleotides in length. Rat S7 is homologous with Xenopus laevis S8. The protein contains a possible internal duplication of 10 residues.     

The primary structure of rat rig/ribosomal protein S15 gene.

We have isolated rat rig/ribosomal protein S15 gene from a DNA library derived from a rat insulinoma and determined the complete nucleotide sequence. The rat rig/S15 gene is composed of four exons and three introns spanning 2 kbp and exhibits distinctive structural features unique for a ribosomal protein gene.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S10

The amino acid sequence of rat ribosomal protein S10 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed from the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. Ribosomal protein S10 contains 165 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 18917 Da. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 17-20 copies of the S10 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 750 nucleotides in length. Ribosomal protein S10 has several possible internal duplications; one is a tandem repeat of ten residues that is basic and contains two or three prolines.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S8.

The amino acid sequence of rat ribosomal protein S8 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed from the NH2- and carboxyl-terminal amino acid sequences of the protein. Ribosomal protein S8 contains 207 amino acids (the NH2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA) and has a molecular weight of 23,928. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 7-9 copies of the S8 gene. Ribosomal protein S8 contains a possible internal repeat that has 12 or 13 residues, is basic, and occurs 5 times in the protein.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S28.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S28 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein S28 has 69 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 7,836. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 8-10 copies of the S28 gene. The mRNA for S28 is about 450 nucleotides in length. Rat S28 is homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae S33.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S18

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S18 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. S18 has 152 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 17,707. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 10-13 copies of the S18 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 600 nucleotides in length. Rat S18 is identical to mouse S18 (also referred to as KE3) and is related to Escherichia coli S13 and to other S13-like ribosomal proteins from Bacillus subtilis, from Bacillus stearothermophilus, and from plant mitochondria (Nicotiana tabacum and Zea mays).     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S20

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40 S ribosomal subunit protein S20 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein S20 has 119 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 13,364. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 16-19 copies of the S20 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 600 nucleotides in length. Rat S20 is homologous to Xenopus laevis S22 and is related to Mycoplasma capricolum S10 and to Escherichia coli S10. The protein contains a possible internal duplication of seven residues.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S6

The amino acid sequence of rat ribosomal protein S6, the major phosphoprotein in the organelle, was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs and confirmed from the sequence of amino acids in portions of the protein. Ribosomal protein S6 contains 249 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 28,683. The protein has 15 seryl residues; 7 are located in the carboxyl-terminal sequence of 15 amino acids and probably include most if not all of the residues that are phosphorylated. There are related repeated sequences of 10 amino acids each that occur at four separate positions in S6 and that are very basic. Rat S6 is homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae S10 (the extent of the identity is 75%) and most likely also to Schizosaccharomyces pombe S6.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L35

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L35 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed from the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein. Ribosomal protein L35 has 122 amino acids (the NH2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA) and has a molecular weight of 14,412. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 15-17 copies of the L35 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 570 nucleotides in length. Rat L35 is related to the archaebacterial ribosomal proteins Halobacterium marismortui L33 and Halobacterium halobium L29E; it is also related to Escherichia coli L29 and to other members of the prokaryotic ribosomal protein L29 family. The protein contains a possible internal duplication of 11 residues.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein S5. A ribosomal protein present in the rat genome in a single copy.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40 S ribosomal subunit protein S5 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed by the determination, directly from the protein, of 17 residues near the NH2 terminus. S5 has 204 amino acids; the molecular weight is 22,863. The protein designated S5a has the same amino acid sequence as S5 except that it lacks the NH2-terminal 5 residues. It is not known whether the conversion of a portion of S5 to S5a is physiological or fortuitous. The mRNA for S5 has about 820 nucleotides. Hybridization of the S5 cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA indicates that the rat genome has only a single copy of the gene; this is in distinction to the mouse and human genomes which have three to six copies of the S5 gene. Rat ribosomal protein S5 is related to the eubacteria, the arachaebacteria, and the chloroplast family of S7 ribosomal proteins. There is a peptide of 16 residues at the carboxyl terminus of S5 that is highly conserved in 18 species spanning the three kingdoms and chloroplasts.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L8.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L8 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L8 has 257 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 28,007. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 4 or 5 copies of the L8 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 950 nucleotides in length. Rat L8 is homologous to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes and to proteins from eubacterial, archaebacterial, and chloroplast ribosomes.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L3.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L3 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L3 has 403 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 46,106. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 7 to 9 copies of the L3 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 1,400 nucleotides in length. Rat L3 is homologous to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes and to proteins from eubacterial, archaebacterial, and chloroplast ribosomes.     

Nucleotide sequence of the gene for Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S15 (rpsO)

Summary The nucleotide sequence of the ribosomal protein gene rpsO (S15) and its flanking region were determined. The amino acid sequence of S15 protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence is in good agreement with the published amino acid sequence with one exception. The nucleotide sequence shows two probable promoter sites about 100 nucleotides upstream from the initiation codon (AUG) of rpsO. Inspection of the sequence also revealed structural homology between the distal part of rpsO and the reported S15 binding region in 16S rRNA.     

The primary structure of rat ribosomal protein L38.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal protein L38 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in three recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein L38 has 69 amino acids (the NH2-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA) and has a molecular weight of 8,081. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 11-13 copies of the L38 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 450 nucleotides in length.