内内葡聚糖苷水解酶的分离纯化和内源荧光性质

利用离子交换和分子筛层析技术从拟康氏木霉Ｓ－３８固态发酵液中提纯了两个内切葡聚糖苷酶组分。测定了一个组分的内源荧光性质。结果表明：该酶分子的内源荧光几乎都来自色氨酸。Ｎ－溴代琥珀酰亚胺（ＮＢＳ）修饰导致了酶活力的完全丧失,但是酶荧光残留了２５％,抑制剂纤维二糖与酶结合可使部分酶荧光得到保护,同时这种结合也可以保护一定的色氨酸荧光不被外来淬灭剂淬灭。     

拟康氏木霉中内切葡聚糖苷水解酶的化学修饰

动力学研究揭示两个Ｐ来４．４和５．８的氨基酸残基可能对内切酶活性起重要作用,化学修饰研究结果表明一个羧基氨基酸对内切葡聚糖苷水解酶活力的必需的,且可能位地或接近酶的催化位点。     

色氨酸残基在内切葡聚糖酶分子中的作用

内切葡聚糖酶的化学修饰研究表明：色氨酸残基可能位于活性位点,与底物结合有关．荧光光谱测定指出该酶的荧光几乎都来自色氨酸残基,酶分子中色氨酸微环境对ｐＨ变化非常敏感,降低ｐＨ导致了酶分子构象发生了较大变化,配基结合使酶分子色氨酸微环境产生了改变,引发了与ｐＨ诱导不同的构象变化．     

绿色木霉MJ1产内切β-葡聚糖苷酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

利用KTAUPC-900快速蛋白液相色谱系统(FPLC)从绿色木霉MJ1固体发酵产物中分离纯化出内切β-葡聚糖苷酶。分离纯化后酶的比活力提高了28·6倍,回收率为19·7%。SDS-PAGE后经BIO-RAD凝胶成像系统分析该内切酶的分子量为64·7kD。酶学试验研究表明:该酶的最适反应温度53℃,最适pH为4·2,Lineweaver-Burk法求得动力学参数,Km和Vmax分别为1·230×10-2g/mL、2·396×10-2mg/(mL·min)。并确定了FPLC层析缓冲液的离子强度为2·2mmol/L时分离效果达到最佳。     

β—1,4—内切木聚糖酶的分离纯化及其性质

通过硫酸铵分级盐析、DEAE-SephadexA50和DEAE－SepharoseCL-6B离子交换层析、FPLC等一系列分离纯化手段,从拟康氏木霉（TrichodermapseudokonigiRifai）固体培养基发酵抽提液中分离得到了Native－PAGE电泳纯的木聚糖酶,SDS-PAGE显示该酶为单肽链结构,分子量约为66kD。该酶的酶反应最适温度为55℃。酶反应的最适pH为4．5。该酶作用于山毛榉木聚糖（Beech－xylan）的Km为20mg/mL,Vmax为3．3μmol·min-1·mg-1。Hg2 、Cu2 对酶反应有较强的抑制作用,而Fe2 、Mn2 对该酶反应则有促进作用。     

拟康氏木霉中内切葡聚糖苷水解酶的化学修饰

动力学研究揭示两个pK值为4.4和5.8的氨基酸残基可能对内切酶活性起重要作用,化学修饰研究结果表明一个羧基氨基酸对内切葡聚糖苷水解酶活力为必需的,且可能位于或接近酶的催化位点．     

分离纯化内切β—葡聚糖苷酶和部分N—末端序列分析

使用硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE－TOYOPEARL650M和POROS20PI弱阴离子交换色谱等分离技术,从黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）发酵酶粉中分离提纯出一种新内切β－葡聚糖苷酶,在非还原条件下分子量为36kD,还原条件为38kD,该酶最适pH3．5,最适温度55℃,N－末端部分氨基酸序列为XXXFKCVGSMEDGAES。     

DNA sequence analysis of endoglucanase genes fromPseudomonas fluorescens subsp.cellulosa andPseudomonas sp. NCIB 8634

Summary The DNA of two previously isolated recombinant clones, one fromPseudomonas sp. NCIB 8634 (=Cellvibrio mixtus) (pPC71) and another fromPseudomonas fluorescens subsp.cellulosa (pPFC4) that express endoglucanase activity inE. coli was sequenced. Plasmid pPC71 had three open reading frames, two of which include portions of plasmid pBR322. The third open reading frame occurs entirely within thePseudomonas DNA insert and encodes a protein with a molecular mass of 5845 Da. The DNA insert in pPFC4 was found to contain an open reading frame (PFC-ORF) that encodes a protein of 32189 Da. The major endoglucanase produced inE. coli cells carrying pPFC4 is about 30000 Da [26]. It is concluded that PFC-ORF encodes this endoglucanase. Both ribosome and catabolite gene activator protein binding sites lie upstream from the initiating codon of PFC-ORF. An interesting feature of the PFC-ORF protein is the presence of amino acid motifs Val-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser and Val-Val-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser that occur within a 25 amino acid span.     

Endogenous cellulase enzymes in the stick insect (Phasmatodea) gut

High cellulase (endo-beta-1,4-glucanase) activity was detected in the anterior midgut of the walking stick (Phasmatodea) Eurycantha calcarata. The enzyme was isolated and analyzed via mass spectrometry. RT-PCR revealed two endoglucanase genes, EcEG1 and EcEG2. Mascot analysis of the purified enzyme confirms it to be the product of gene EcEG1. Homologous cDNAs were also isolated from a distantly related species, Entoria okinawaensis, suggesting a general distribution of cellulase genes in phasmids. Phasmid cellulases showed high homology to endogenously-produced glycoside hydrolase family 9 (GH9) endoglucanases from insects, especially to those of termites, cockroaches, and crickets. The purified E. calcarata enzyme showed clear antigency against an anti-serum for termite GH9 cellulase, which, together with the sequence homology, further suggests an endogenous origin of the enzyme. This discovery suggests a possible nutritive value for cellulose in the leaf-feeding phasmids, unlike in herbivorous Lepidoptera.     

Inheritance of endo-β-1,4-glucanase production in Trichoderma reesei

Abstract Mutants of Trichoderma reesei QM9414 were isolated and characterized with respect to their cellulolytic and auxotrophic markers. Fusion of protoplasts isolated from uninucleate conidia was used to obtain hybrids between different pairs of mutants. Induced haploidization of the hybrids allowed recovery of stable segregants, which were screened for endoglucanase production. Segregants of each cross displayed a range of titers divulging their quantitative nature and polygenic control. Biometrical analysis suggests the involvement of 4–7 operationally recognizable units of function (effective factors) in the overall endoglucanase phenotype. High titer segregants were obtained from most crosses.