共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
O. E. Scholten R. M. Klein-Lankhorst D. G. Esselink T. S. M. De Bock W. Lange 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):123-130
Molecular markers linked to resistance genes are useful to facilitate the introgression of one or more of these genes in
breeding materials. Following the approach of bulked segregant analysis, RAPD markers linked to resistance genes against beet
necrotic yellow vein virus were identified in the four Beta accessions Holly-1-4, R104, R128 and WB42. Two primers were found which generate RAPD markers tightly linked to resistance
in segregating families of Holly-1-4, R104 and R128, indicating that the resistance genes in these accessions might be situated
at the same locus. Other, specific, primers were identified which generate RAPD markers linked to resistance in each of these
accessions. Short-range maps were established around the resistance locus in these accessions. For WB42, RAPD markers were
only identified at a relatively large distance from the resistance gene. Conversion of three RAPD primers of Holly-1-4, R104
and R128 into STS primers resulted in STS markers which can be readily used for marker-assisted selection in breeding programmes.
Received: 8 January 1996 / Accepted: 14 June 1996 相似文献
2.
Johnston PA Pickering RA 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(4):720-726
Retrotransposon-like sequences are ideal tools for initial screening assays to distinguish between closely related species
because of their ubiquitous presence, high copy number, chromosome coverage and rapid sequence evolution. A retrotransposon-like
sequence, pSc119.1, cloned from Secale cereale (rye) has been used to obtain PCR primers that are capable of detecting small introgressions of Hordeum bulbosum (bulbous barley grass) chromatin in a Hordeum vulgare (cultivated barley) background. Combining this PCR-based assay with a crude but effective high-throughput DNA extraction
has enabled the rapid identification of plants possessing H. bulbosum introgressions from large numbers of progeny from H. vulgare×H. bulbosum crosses. These plants are then further characterized by more-refined cytological, molecular and pathological techniques to
locate and map the introgressed chromatin and to evaluate their disease resistance.
Received: 18 April 2001 / Accepted: 23 August 2001 相似文献
3.
R. Cronn M. Brothers K. Klier P. K. Bretting J. F. Wendel 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(4):532-545
The annual sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a morphologically and genetically variable species composed of wild, weedy, and domesticated forms that are used for
ornament, oilseed, and edible seeds. In this study, we evaluated genetic variation in 146 germplasm accessions of wild and
domesticated sunflowers using allozyme analysis. Results from this survey showed that wild sunflower exhibits geographically
structured genetic variation, as samples from the Great Plains region of the central United States were genetically divergent
from accessions from California and the southwestern United States. Sunflower populations from the Great Plains harbored greater
allelic diversity than did wild sunflower from the western United States. Comparison of genetic variability in wild and domesticated
sunflower by principal coordinate analysis showed these groups to be genetically divergent, in large part due to differences
in the frequency of common alleles. Neighbor-Joining analyses of domesticated H. annuus, wild H. annuus and two closely related wild species (H. argophyllus T. & G. and H. petiolaris Nutt.) showed that domesticated sunflowers form a genetically coherent group and that wild sunflowers from the Great Plains
may include the most likely progenitor of domesticated sunflowers.
Received: 2 December 1996/Accepted: 4 April 1997 相似文献
4.
Mapping of the Rf-3 nuclear fertility-restoring gene for WA cytoplasmic male sterility in rice using RAPD and RFLP markers 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
G. Zhang Y. Lu T. S. Bharaj S. S. Virmani N. Huang 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):27-33
The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) of wild-abortive (WA) cytoplasm has been widely used for breeding hybrid rice. Two restorer
genes for the CMS have been found by traditional genetic analysis. To tag the restorer genes we used a set of near-isogenic
lines (NILs) of Zhenshan 97 carrying different genotypes for fertility restoration from IR24, to perform RAPD analysis. From
the survey of 720 random primers, six RAPD markers were identified to be associated with Rf-3. Three of these OPK05-800, OPU10-1100 and OPW01-350, were mapped on chromosome 1. Two populations from the crosses between Zhenshan 97 A and a near-isogenic restorer line ZSR21 and between Zhenshan 97 A and
IR24 were used for mapping Rf-3. The three RAPD markers and three RFLP markers, RG532, RG140 and RG458, were found to be closely linked to Rf-3 in the two populations. The same location of Rf-3 was also found in a population from the cross of IR58025 A//IR36/IR58025 B. At the RG532 locus, different alleles were found between two CMS
lines, Zhenshan 97 A and IR58025 A, and between two restorer lines, IR24 and IR36. The use of these molecular markers closely
linked to Rf-3 in facilitating the development of hybrid rice is discussed.
Received: 3 January 1996 / Accepted: 17 May 1996 相似文献
5.
S. Doganlar J. Dodson B. Gabor T. Beck-Bunn C. Crossman S. D. Tanksley 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(5-6):784-788
We report the molecular mapping of the py-1 gene for resistance to corky root rot [Pyrenochaeta lycopersici (Schneider and Gerlach)] in tomato using RAPD and RFLP marker analysis. DNA from near-isogenic lines (NILs) of tomato differing
in corky root rot resistance was screened with 575 random oligonucleotide primers to detect polymorphic DNAs linked to py-1. Three primers (OPW-04, OPC-02, OPG-19) revealed polymorphisms between the NILs. Twelve resistant and eight susceptible DNA
pools derived from segregating F3 families were used to confirm that the RAPD markers were linked to the py-1 gene. Two of the linked amplified fragments, corresponding to OPW-04 and OPC-02, were subsequently cloned and mapped on the
tomato molecular linkage map as RFLPs. These clones were located between TG40 and CT31 on the short arm of chromosome 3. Further
analysis with selected RFLP markers showed that 7% (8.8 cM) of chromosome 3 of the resistant line ‘Moboglan’ was introgressed
from the L. peruvianum donor parent. Three RFLP markers (TG40, TG324, and TG479) from the introgressed part of chromosome 3 were converted to cleaved
amplified polymorphism (CAP) markers for use in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. These PCR markers will allow rapid
large-scale screening of tomato populations for corky root rot resistance.
Received: 2 January 1998 / Accepted: 12 January 1998 相似文献
6.
T. Cuéllar J. L. Bella E. Beihassen 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1996,93(5-6):794-800
The Ribosomal DNAs of Helianthus annuus and H. argophyllus were analysed. Total DNA from single individuals of six cultivated lines, one wild ecotype ofH. annuus, and three ecotypes of H. argophyllus, were digested with various restriction enzymes. Hybridisation of Southern blots with sunflower ribosomal probes containing most of the interspacer regions (R3) or the 25 s coding region (R2) reveals different patterns from those expected: while no difference between H. annuus and H. argophyllus had been observed in previous rDNA RFLP analysis, our study clearly distinguished the two species on the basis of two different patterns when using R3 and BamHI, BstYI, or EcoRI/BamHI. Furthermore, the sum of the fragment weights of the BamHI restriction patterns was much greater than that of the rDNA entire unit-weight space. The co-existence of different rDNA units within single individuals is proposed as a model to explain these results. Four rDNA units were distinguished, which differed in their state of methylation and by the presence of mutations at two BamRI restriction sites. H. annuus individuals displayed two types of rDNA units while H. argophyllus individuals displayed four types. 相似文献
7.
Genome scanning for resistance-gene analogs in rice, barley, and wheat by high-resolution electrophoresis 总被引:31,自引:8,他引:23
X. M. Chen R. F. Line H. Leung 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(3):345-355
Genes cloned from diverse plants for resistance to different pathogens have sequence similarities in domains presumably involved
in pathogen recognition and signal transduction in triggering the defense response. Primers based on the conserved regions
of resistance genes often amplify multiple fragments that may not be separable in an agarose gel. We used denaturing polyacrylamide-gel
electrophoresis to detect PCR products of plant genomic DNA amplified with primers based on conserved regions of resistance
genes. Depending upon the primer pairs used, 30–130 bands were detected in wheat, rice, and barley. As high as 47%, 40%, and
27% of the polymorphic bands were detected in rice, barley, and wheat, respectively, and as high as 12.5% of the polymorphic
bands were detected by certain primers in progeny from a cross of the wheat cultivars ‘Stephens’ and ‘Michigan Amber’. Using
F6 recombinant inbred lines from the ‘Stephens’בMichigan Amber’ cross, we demonstrated that polymorphic bands amplified with
primers based on leucine-rich repeats, nucleotide-binding sites and protein kinase genes, were inherited as single loci. Linkages
between molecular markers and stripe rust resistance genes were detected. This technique provides a new way to develop molecular
markers for assessing the genetic diversity of germplasm based upon potential candidate resistance genes in diverse species.
Received : 5 September 1997 / Accepted : 6 November 1997 相似文献
8.
RFLP mapping of resistance to chlorosis induction by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J. D. Faris J. A. Anderson L. J. Francl J. G. Jordahl 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):98-103
Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an economically important disease in major wheat production areas. The fungus can produce two genetically distinct symptoms
on leaves of susceptible wheat genotypes: tan necrosis (nec) and extensive chlorosis (chl). Our objectives were to determine
the number of genes conditioning resistance to tan spot in a population of wheat recombinant inbred lines, and map the chromosomal
location of the resistance genes using RFLPs. Conidia produced by the P. tritici-repentis isolate Pti2 (nec+chl+) were used to inoculate seedlings of 135 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of the synthetic
hexaploid wheat W-7984 with Opata 85. A subset of the population was inoculated with conidia produced by the isolates D308
(nec−chl+) and 86-124 (nec+chl−). Inoculated seedlings were rated on a scale of 1 to 5 based on lesion type. Necrosis-inducing
culture filtrate produced by the isolate 86-124 was also used to screen the entire population. A map consisting of 532 markers
was employed to identify significant associations between marker loci and tan spot resistance. The entire population was insensitive
to culture filtrate produced by the isolate 86-124, and the entire subset was resistant to conidial inoculation of the same
isolate. The population segregated for reaction to isolates D308 and Pti2, indicating that this population segregates for
resistance to extensive chlorosis only, and not to tan necrosis. RFLP analysis indicated the presence of a gene with a major
effect in 1AS, a gene with a minor effect in 4AL, and an interaction between the 1AS gene and a gene in 2DL. Together, these
loci explained 49.0% of the variation in this population for resistance to tan spot produced by the isolate Pti2. Two regions
one in 1BL and one in 3BL, were significantly associated with resistance to extensive chlorosis, but were not significant
in the multiple regression model. It should be feasible to introgress these resistance loci into adapted genetic backgrounds
by using a marker-assisted selection scheme.
Received: 30 March 1996 / Accepted: 31 May 1996 相似文献
9.
Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to cucumber mosaic virus in Capsicum annuum 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A. Ben Chaim R. C. Grube M. Lapidot M. Jahn I. Paran 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(8):1213-1220
QTL analysis for resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was performed in an intraspecific Capsicum annuum population. A total of 180 F3 families were derived from a cross between the susceptible bell-type cultivar Maor and the resistant
small-fruited Indian line Perennial and inoculated with CMV in three experiments carried out in the USA and Israel using two
virus isolates. Mostly RFLP and AFLP markers were used to construct the genetic map, and interval analysis was used for QTL
detection. Four QTL were significantly associated with resistance to CMV. Two digenic interactions involving markers with
and without an individual effect on CMV resistance were also detected. The QTL controlling the largest percentage (16–33%)
of the observed phenotypic variation (cmv11.1) was detected in all three experiments and was also involved in one of the digenic interactions. This QTL is linked to the
L locus that confers resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), confirming earlier anecdotal observations of an association
between resistance to CMV and susceptibility to TMV in Perennial. An advanced backcross breeding line from an unrelated population,
3990, selected for resistance to CMV was analyzed for markers covering the genome, allowing the identification of genomic
regions introgressed from Perennial. Four of these introgressions included regions associated with QTL for CMV resistance.
Markers in two genomic regions that were identified as linked to QTL for CMV resistance were also linked to QTL for fruit
weight, confirming additional breeding observations of an association between resistance to CMV originating from Perennial
and small fruit weight.
Received: 17 July 2000 / Accepted: 16 October 2000 相似文献
10.
Characteristics of genetic variation in the progenies of protoplast-derived plants of rice, Oryza sativa cv Nipponbare 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
M. Yamagishi T. Koba T. Shimada K. Itoh Y. Sukekiyo K. Shimamoto 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):1-7
Genetic variation in protoplast-derived rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants was characterized using first and second generation selfed progenies. A total of 133 regenerated plants were obtained
from ten protoplasts of the japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare. Sixty two regenerated plants which set enough seeds for the subsequent field tests at the next
generation and were derived from five protoplasts were selected, and their selfed seeds were used as the first selfed-seed
progeny generation). Fifteen plants were selected from each of the 15 lines, and their selfed seeds were used for tests at the generation. Thirty seven lines (60%) segregated plants with detrimental mutant characters of yellow-green phenotype, dwarf stature, dense and short
panicle, or low seed fertility. According to the segregation patterns in the lines having mutated plants among those originated
from the same protoplasts, the stages of mutation induction were estimated. Additionally, five quantitative traits were changed
in almost all and lines. Varied quantitative traits of heading date, number of spikelets per panicle, and seed fertility, were in a heterozygous
state. However, culm and panicle lengths showed high uniformity, whereas reduced culm and panicle lengths were caused by mutational
changes in polygenes and/or multiple genes.
Received: 20 March 1996 / Accepted: 21 June 1996 相似文献
11.
T. Komatsuda S. Kawasaki I. Nakamura F. Takaiwa F. Taguchi-Shiobara S. Oka 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(4):637-642
Recombinant backcross lines of barley were produced from a cross between Kanto Nakate Gold (KNG; two-rowed) and Azumamugi
(AZ; six-rowed) after backcrosses of F1 plants with AZ as the recurrent parent. Each of these lines had an introgressed segment from chromosome 2 of KNG. Two recombinant
backcross lines, L1 and M3-13, were used for an initial screening of polymorphism. After screening a total of 888 oligonucleotides
as arbitrary primers, we identified eight random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) between backcross lines and AZ. Among
the RAPD fragments, CMNA-38700 was linked to the v locus with a recombination frequency of zero, while OPJ-09850 and OPP-02700 were linked to the v locus at a map distance of 1.4 cM. Thus, the three RAPD markers were clustered around the v locus since the lengths of introgressed chromosomal segments in the L1 and M3-13 lines were no less than 38 cM. The other
five RAPD fragments that we identified were not linked to the v locus.
Received: 14 January 1997 / Accepted: 14 February 1997 相似文献
12.
T. Krugman A. Korol E. Nevo J. W. Snape O. Levy B. Rubin 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):46-51
Chlorotoluron is a selective phenylurea herbicide widely used for broad-leaved and annual grass weed control in cereals. Variation in the response to chlorotoluron (CT) was found in both hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild tetraploid wheat (Triticum dicoccoides KöRN.). Here, we describe the comparative mapping of the CT resistance gene (Su1) on chromosome 6B in bread and wild wheat using RFLP markers. In bread wheat, mapping was based on 58 F4 single-seed descent (SSD) plants of the cross between a genotype sensitive to chlorotoluron, ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS), and a resistant derivative, the single chromosome substitution line, CS (‘Cappele-Desprez’ 6B) [CS (CAP6B). In T dicoccoides, mapping was based on 37 F2 plants obtained from the cross between the CT-susceptible accession B-7 and the resistant accession B-35. Nine RFLP probes spanning the centromere were chosen for mapping. In bread wheat Su1 was found to be linked to α-Amy-1 (9.84 cM) and Xpsr371 (5.2 cM), both on the long arm of 6B, and Nor2 (2.74 cM) on the short arm. In wild wheat the most probable linkage map was Nor2-Xpsr312-Su1-Pgk2, and the genetic distances between the genes were 24.8cM, 5.3cM, and 6.8cM, respectively. These results along with other published map data indicate that the linear order of the genes is similar to that found in T. aestivum. The results of this study also show that the Su1 gene for differential response to chlorotoluron has evolved prior to the domestication of cultivated wheat and not in response to the development and use of chemicals. 相似文献
13.
F. Vear L. Gentzbittel J. Philippon S. Mouzeyar E. Mestries P. Roeckel-Drevet D. Tourvieille de Labrouhe P. Nicolas 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(4):584-589
These studies were undertaken to determine whether downy mildew resistance genes in sunflower were independent as first reported,
or linked as suggested by more recent hypotheses. The segregations for downy mildew reaction of 111 F3 progenies from a cross between a susceptible line and a line with Pl2 were used to locate this gene on the sunflower consensus RFLP linkage map. It was shown that Pl2 was linked to the same RFLP markers on linkage group 1 as Pl1 and Pl6, mapped earlier, and at a very similar distance. The F3 progenies showed exactly the same segregation patterns when tested with race 1 and race D. One hundred and fifty four progenies
from a cross between a susceptible line and HA335, containing Pl6 (considered as giving resistance to all Plasmopara halstedii races), were tested with the five French downy mildew races, 1, A, B, C and D. Two progenies were observed to show segregation
for races 1 and D, while appearing homozygous-resistant to races A , B and C. Tests on F4 progenies confirmed this separation of resistances with fixation of susceptibility to races 1 and D and resistance to races
A, B and C. It is concluded that the Pl6 gene is not a “strong” gene, giving resistance to all downy mildew races, but rather a cluster of genes, each providing resistance
to one, or a few, downy mildew races. The genes giving resistance to races 1 and D, on one hand, and to races A, B and C,
on the other hand, must be very closely linked, with about 0.6 cM between the two groups.
Received: 23 December 1996 / Accepted: 18 April 1997 相似文献
14.
S. Seah H. Bariana J. Jahier K. Sivasithamparam E. S. Lagudah 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(4):600-605
A cloned gene sequence (Vrga1D), with features of the nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich repeat class of disease resistance
(R) gene sequence super family, was previously shown to belong to a family of five gene members derived from a Triticum ventricosum Ces. (syn. Aegilops ventricosa Tausch) segment in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This gene family was introgressed, together with the linked rust resistance genes Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 from T. ventricosum, to wheat chromosome 2AS. An independently derived T. ventricosum segment carrying a leaf rust resistance gene in a French wheat cultivar, was shown to exhibit a rust resistance response equivalent
to Lr37 as well as Yr17 and Sr38. DNA probes from different regions of the Vrga1D clone consistently detected the presence of RFLPs associated with the introgressed
segment carrying the resistance genes Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 present in diverse wheat genotypes from Australia, Canada, France and the UK. Our results showed that the transfer of the
T. ventricosum- derived Vrga1 gene members and the rust resistance genes were always accompanied by the loss of a corresponding set of Vrga1-related
gene members in recipient wheat cultivars presumed to be of homoeoallelic origin. A PCR assay, based on sequences from the
3"-untranslated region of a Vrga1 gene member isolated from the T. ventricosum donor line of the introgressed segment, was developed. The PCR assay detected the presence of the introgressed rust resistance
genes across the diverse wheat backgrounds and should be useful in marker- assisted selection in wheat breeding.
Received: 24 December 1999 / Accepted: 13 June 2000 相似文献
15.
R. T. Chetelat V. Meglic 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(2):232-241
The wild nightshade Solanum lycopersicoides (accessionLA2951) was backcrossed to the cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv ’VF36’), then inbred through single-seed descent for several generations. Over 300 backcross-inbred families thereby derived
were genotyped at 139 marker loci, consisting of RFLPs, allozymes, and monogenic morphological markers, to identify introgressed
S. lycopersicoides chromosomes and segments thereof. The pattern of genotypes observed in the lines indicated a high degree of overall synteny
between the S. lycopersicoides genome and that of tomato. Two putative single-copy RFLP probes revealed secondary loci in this wide cross. Recovery of the
L. esculentum genome was more rapid than expected, with an average value in the BC2 generation of 97.8%, versus the expected value of 87.5%. This was due to widespread segregation distortion that favored L. esculentum alleles as well as a tendency for plants homozygous for in- trogressed segments to be partially or completely male-sterile,
thereby preventing the fixation of S. lycopersicoides markers in many lines. Despite these difficulties, nearly every S. lycopersicoides marker (or approximately 98% of the genome, measured in centi Morgans) was represented in at least 1 backcross-inbred line,
with only a region on chromosome 4L missing from the population as a whole. Although the extent of transmission and fixation
of introgressed segments varied according to chromosome, overall approximately 66% of the S. lycopersicoides genome was represented by homozygous in- trogressions with sufficient fertility to reproduce by self-pollination. An excess
of terminal (vs. interstitial) segments was noted, and putative heterozygous substitutions for chromosomes 6, 7, 8, and 10
were found. Recombination within certain introgressed regions was reduced over 100-fold. These backcross-inbred lines are
expected to facilitate the genetic analysis of traits identified in S. lycopersicoides and their transfer into horticultural tomatoes.
Received: 16 March 1999 / Accepted: 22 June 1999 相似文献
16.
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms as a tool for DNA fingerprinting sunflower germplasm: genetic diversity among oilseed inbred lines 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Vipa Hongtrakul Gordon M. Huestis S. J. Knapp 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(3):400-407
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints. The
AFLP diversity of sunflower has not been described, and much of the public germ plasm of sunflower has not yet been fingerprinted.
Our objectives were to: (1) estimate genetic similarities, polymorphism rates, and polymorphic information contents (PICs)
for AFLP markers among elite public oilseed inbred lines, and (2) assess the genetic diversity of inbred lines using genetic
similarities estimated from AFLP fingerprints. We produced fingerprints for 24 public inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using six AFLP primer combinations. These primers produced a total of 359 AFLP markers or about 60 markers per primer
combination. Genetic similarities ranged from 0.70 to 0.91, polymorphism rates ranged from 7 to 24%, and PICs ranged from
0.0 to 0.5. Genetic similarities were lower overall for maintainer (B)×restorer (R) crosses than for B×B or R×R crosses. Principal-coordinate
and cluster analyses separated lines into two groups, one for B-lines and another for R-lines. These groupings illustrate
the breeding history and basic heterotic pattern (B×R) of sunflower and the widespread practice of using B×B and R×R crosses
to develop new lines. There were, nevertheless, distinct subgroups within these groups. These subgroups may represent unique
heterotic groups and create a basis for formally describing heterotic patterns in sunflower.
Received: 10 June 1996 / Accepted: 4 April 1997 相似文献
17.
Gliadin polymorphism in wild and cultivated einkorn wheats 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. Ciaffi L. Dominici D. Lafiandra 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):68-74
To study the relationships between different species of the Einkorn group, 408 accessions of Triticum monococcum, T. boeoticum, T. boeoticum ssp. thauodar and T. urartu were analyzed electrophoretically for their protein composition at the Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci. In all the species the range of allelic variation at the loci examined is remarkable. The gliadin patterns of T. monococcum and T. boeoticum were very similar to one another but differed substantially from those of T. urartu. Several accessions of T. boeoticum and T. monococcum were shown to share the same alleles at the Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci, confirming the recent nomenclature that considers these wheats as different subspecies of the same species, T. monococcum. The gliadin composition of T. urartu resembled that of the A genome of polyploid wheats more than did T. boeoticum or T. monococcum, supporting the hypothesis that T. urartu, rather than T. boeoticum, is the donor of the A genome in cultivated wheats. Because of their high degree of polymorphism the gliadin markers may
help in selecting breeding parents from diploid wheat germ plasm collections and can be used both to search for valuable genes
linked to the gliadin-coding loci and to monitor the transfer of alien genes into cultivated polyploid wheats.
Received: 8 July 1996 / Accepted: 12 July 1996 相似文献
18.
A genetic linkage map of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) developed from a cross between two inbred, domesticated lines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. M. Menéndez A. E. Hall P. Gepts 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1210-1217
We have constructed a genetic linkage map within the cultivated gene pool of cowpea (2n=2x=22) from an F8 recombinant inbred population (94 individuals) derived from a cross between the inbreds IT84S-2049 and 524B. These breeding
lines, developed in Nigeria and California, show contrasting reactions against several pests and diseases and differ in several
morphological traits. Parental lines were screened with 332 random RAPD decamers, 74 RFLP probes (bean, cowpea and mung bean
genomic DNA clones), and 17 AFLP primer combinations. RAPD primers were twice as efficient as AFLP primers and RFLP probes
in detecting polymorphisms in this cross. The map consists of 181 loci, comprising 133 RAPDs, 19 RFLPs, 25 AFLPs, three morphological/classical
markers, and a biochemical marker (dehydrin). These markers identified 12 linkage groups spanning 972 cM with an average distance
of 6.4 cM between markers. Linkage groups ranged from 3 to 257 cM in length and included from 2 to 41 markers, respectively.
A gene for earliness was mapped on linkage group 2. Seed weight showed a significant association with a RAPD marker on linkage
group 5. This map should facilitate the identification of markers that “tag” genes for pest and disease resistance and other
traits in the cultivated gene pool of cowpea.
Received: 16 September 1996 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
19.
Identification of RAPD markers linked to a Phytophthora fragariae resistance gene (Rpf1) in the cultivated strawberry 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
K. M. Haymes B. Henken T. M. Davis W. E. van de Weg 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(8):1097-1101
Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was used to identify seven random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the
Rpf 1 gene. Rpf 1 confers resistance to Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae, the causal agent of red stele root rot in Fragaria spp. The bulked DNAs represented subsets of a F1 population obtained from the cross Md683×Senga Sengana which consisted of 60 plants and segregated in a 1:1 ratio for resistance
or susceptibility to race 2.3.4 isolate NS2 of P. fragariae. Seven markers were shown to be linked to Rpf 1 and were generated from four primers; five of these markers were in coupling phase and two in repulsion phase with respect
to the gene. A linkage map of this resistance gene region was generated using JoinMap 2.0TM. The manner in which Rpf 1 and the linked markers co-segregated indicated that they are inherited in a disomic fashion. These markers could enable gene
pyramiding and marker-assisted selection of resistance genes in strawberry breeding programmes.
Received: 26 August 1996 / Accepted: 20 December 1996 相似文献
20.
M. J. Iqbal N. Aziz N. A. Saeed Y. Zafar K. A. Malik 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(1):139-144
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of elite commercial cotton varieties.
Twenty two varieties belonging to Gossypium hirsutum L. and one to G. arboreum L. were analyzed with 50 random decamer primers using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Forty nine primers detected polymorphism
in all 23 cotton varieties, while one produced monomorphic amplification profiles. A total of 349 bands were amplified, 89.1%
of which were polymorphic. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) showed that 17
varieties can be placed in two groups with a similarity ranging from 81.51% to 93.41%. G. hirsutum L. varieties S-12, V3 and MNH-93 showed a similarity of 78.12, 74.46 and 69.56% respectively with rest of the varieties. One
variety, CIM-1100, showed 57.02% similarity and was quite distinct. The diploid cotton G. arboreum L. var. Ravi was also very distinct from rest of its tetraploid counterparts and showed only 55.7% similarity. The analysis
revealed that the intervarietal genetic relationships of several varieties is related to their center of origin. As expected,
most of the varieties have a narrow genetic base. The results obtained can be used for the selection of possible parents to
generate a mapping population. The results also reveal the genetic relationship of elite commercial cotton varieties with
some standard “Coker” varieties and the diploid G. arboreum L. var. Ravi (old world cotton).
Received: 12 July 1996 / Accepted: 26 July 1996 相似文献