一株黄瓜根际促生菌的筛选、鉴定及其发酵特性

Salkowski比色法评价菌株发酵产吲哚乙酸(IAA)的能力;采用平皿、盆栽方法检测菌株的促生能力;对典型菌株生理生化测定及16S rRNA基因序列系统发育分析,初步确定菌株的分类地位;进一步采用正交设计探索不同碳源、氮源对菌株产IAA的影响。结果表明从黄瓜植株根部分离得到菌株18株,其中8株为产IAA菌株。菌株SGM7产IAA能力最强,产量达23.59 mg/L;1%SGM7菌悬液对盆栽黄瓜幼苗有明显促生效果(P0.05);初步鉴定SGM7为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus);其最适产IAA发酵培养基配方为:蛋白胨1%、玉米粉2%、麸皮0.25%、硫酸铵0.05%、硝酸钾0.05%;其发酵液IAA产量高达35.87 mg/L。     

一株嗜酸乳杆菌的分离与鉴定

桂林市黄洛瑶寨地区人群在洗发过程中长期使用淘米水发酵液,该地区发质和头发根部头皮质量都要优于其他地区,淘米水发酵液中益生菌对头发和头皮的影响值得关注。为了研究该地区淘米水发酵液中益生菌,对淘米水发酵液进行菌株的分离与鉴定。从淘米水发酵液中分离得到3株嗜酸乳杆菌疑似菌株,通过菌株菌落形态、显微形态、革兰氏染色、46项生理生化指标和分子生物学方法进行鉴定,结果表明3号菌株菌落形态、显微形态、革兰氏染色符合嗜酸乳杆菌特征;46项生理生化指标与嗜酸乳杆菌接近,鉴定可信度达到90%;经过16S rDNA鉴定后,其与嗜酸乳杆菌的同源性高达99%。综合多项检测结果确定其为嗜酸乳杆菌,并且命名为CFC-001。     

镉胁迫对烟草根抗氧化能力和激素含量的影响

采用水培试验,研究了镉胁迫对烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)根内的超氧阴离子含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、抗氧化系统SOD、POD、CAT、APX、GR活性、膜质过氧化水平及激素IAA、ABA、GA3、ZR含量的影响。结果显示烟草根中的超氧阴离子含量随着镉浓度增大而升高;镉浓度为5mg/L时,可溶性蛋白质含量增加,但随着镉浓度增加,可溶性蛋白质含量急剧下降;SOD、CAT、APX活性在镉浓度为5mg/L时上升,但随着镉浓度升高其活性下降;POD,GR活性在镉浓度为5-25mg/L时上升,在镉浓度为50mg/L时下降,但仍高于对照;MDA含量随着镉浓度增加而升高;IAA氧化酶活性在镉浓度5mg/L时下降,但随着镉浓度的升高而降低;IAA含量在镉浓度为5mg/L时上升,但随着镉浓度增加,IAA氧化酶活性升高,导致IAA含量逐渐下降;镉胁迫对烟草根中ABA合成表现为促进作用;GA3含量在镉浓度为5mg/L时上升,但随着镉浓度的增加其含量逐渐下降;ZR含量在镉胁迫下迅速减少。     

白羊草Epichloë属内生真菌的分离鉴定及其重金属耐受性

通过对北方铜业铜矿峪矿十八河尾矿坝的优势植被白羊草进行叶鞘内生真菌分离,并对白羊草内生真菌的形态特征及孢子形态进行描述,同时,选取其中7个菌株进行act G、tef A和tub B扩增、测序和系统发育分析。结果表明,从白羊草中分离出的内生真菌属于为Epichlo3属,菌落正面呈白色,背面浅黄色,白羊草内生真菌生长速度较慢,孢子大小为1.208—8.048μm之间,孢子形态椭圆、球型。根据分子系统发育学分析结果,将白羊草内生真菌鉴定为Epichlo3 sibiria。通过对白羊草内生真菌进行不同浓度的重金属胁迫处理,发现其对重金属具有一定耐受性,具体表现为:Zn2+(120 mg/L)、Cu2+(160 mg/L)、Pb2+(240 mg/L)和Cd2+(8 mg/L)。对丰富天然禾草内生真菌资源,以及铜矿区生态修复过程中,白羊草内生真菌提高宿主抗性方面的应用具有重要意义。     

一株高效解无机磷细菌BS06的鉴定及其解磷能力分析

【目的】对一株来源于广西甘蔗根际土壤的高效解无机磷细菌BS06的分类和解磷能力进行探讨,以期为解磷微生物在广西甘蔗生产上的开发和应用提供理论依据。【方法】通过形态观察、生理生化测定及16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析,进一步结合种特异的recA基因序列分析对解磷菌BS06进行分类鉴定;通过改变无机磷培养基中的碳源、氮源对菌株解磷能力的影响,分析菌株的解磷特性;通过盆栽试验了解菌株对甘蔗品种粤糖00236、桂糖28磷素吸收的影响。【结果】分类鉴定结果表明菌株BS06属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia cepacia);菌株在以乳糖为碳源条件下具有较强的解磷能力,其发酵液中水溶性磷含量为262.71 mg/L;在以硝酸钠为氮源条件下有较强解磷能力,其发酵液中水溶性磷含量达到305.85 mg/L;接种BS06菌株显著促进甘蔗组培苗的生长并提高甘蔗植株的含磷量。【结论】解磷细菌BS06具有较大的开发利用潜力。     

长白落叶松插穗的内源激素水平及其与扦插生根的关系

长白落叶松 (Larixolgensis)扦插繁殖的试验结果表明 ,嫩枝扦插效果好于硬枝扦插 ,并且母树年龄是影响其扦插生根的重要因子。母树年龄为 2年生时 ,生根率达 95 %以上。本文在此试验的基础上 ,对嫩枝和硬枝插穗中内源植物激素水平进行了测定。结果发现嫩枝插穗中IAA、CTKs的含量要高于硬枝插穗中IAA、CTKs的含量 ,并且随母树年龄的增加而降低 ;相反 ,嫩枝插穗中ABA含量要低于硬枝插穗中ABA的含量 ,并且随着母树年龄的增加而增加。实验结果表明 :IAA、ABA的含量和扦插生根有密切关系。IAA促进生根 ,ABA抑制生根。IAA/ABA比值可以用来衡量长白落叶松的生根能力     

山西高平市农家酸菜汁中乳酸菌的分离及鉴定

对山西高平市农家酸菜汁中乳酸菌含量和菌种进行分析研究,经分离筛选得到3株产酸能力较强的菌株,对其进行鉴定并对其生理特性进行研究。通过对其形态特征、菌落特征及生化特征进行分析可知,其中2株为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),1株为短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus breris)。对筛选到的乳酸菌进行酸菜发酵性能研究发现,其中菌株L2在发酵24 h后,发酵液pH值达到3.47、酸度达到1.67 g乳酸/100 mL、菌落数达到1.37×107cfu/mL的高密度富集状态,且发酵无异味,口味自然,效果较好。     

铅对水稻植物激素含量的影响

目的:研究铅对水稻植物激素含量的影响.方法:以湘早籼24和八两优100为材料,通过盆栽试验,采用高效液相色谱法测定不同浓度铅处理下水稻根和叶中植物激素的含量.结果:在低浓度铅胁迫下,湘早籼24叶中GA1和CTK含量以及与ABA比值、八两优100叶中GA1和IAA含量以及与ABA比值均增加,两个品种根中GA1和IAA含量以及与ABA比值增加、而ABA含量均有降低趋势.在高浓度铅胁迫下,两个品种的叶和根中GA1、IAA和CTK含量以及与ABA比值均降低;根中ABA含量增加.两个品种叶中ABA含量均随铅处理浓度的增加而增加.结论:低浓度铅能促进水稻的生长发育,而在高浓度铅胁迫下,水稻的生长发育受到抑制,这些作用与其差异调节水稻体内多种植物激素含量和激素间比值有关.     

高产雷帕霉素的游动放线菌菌种的选育

以游动放线菌(Actinoplanes)BCLP-016为出发菌株,采用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变技术对其孢子进行处理,并将三个不同时间处理的孢子悬液混合。稀释涂布后,根据菌株菌落形态挑取部分单菌落进行初筛,经发酵复筛后,筛选得到了一株雷帕霉素高产菌株ARTP-039,其雷帕霉素的产量可达到369.39mg/L,较出发菌株BCLP-016的产量256.86 mg/L,提高了43.81%。以筛选出的ARTP-039高产菌为出发菌株,进行传统的紫外诱变,选取高、中、低三个致死率相对应的时间对其孢子悬液进行处理,并基于核糖体工程的理论选取了链霉素、庆大霉素、利福平、氯霉素和红霉素五种抗性物质,进行抗性初筛。发酵复筛后,最终筛选得到了一株雷帕霉素高产菌株St8+Gen6+Rif9+Chl3+Er4-015,该菌株同时具有五种抗性。该菌株的摇瓶实验结果表明,发酵7d后,其雷帕霉素的产量可达到589.79mg/L,较出发菌株BCLP-016的产量,提高了129.61%,且其遗传稳定性良好。     

一株玉米根际多功能促生菌的筛选鉴定及效应研究

从郑州市砂质潮土中分离纯化出5株玉米根际促生菌,通过测定其固氮酶活性、解磷能力、解钾能力以及吲哚乙酸(IAA)合成量,筛选出能够制作高效微生物肥料的活性菌剂。摇瓶结果表明,菌株YM4具有较高的固氮酶活性,溶解无机磷、钾的能力较强,合成IAA的能力最强。其中固氮酶活性达到15.53 nmol C_2H_4/(h·m L),对磷酸三钙、难溶性硅酸钾的溶磷量和溶钾量分别达到128.90 mg/L和17.40 mg/L,IAA的合成量为37.18 mg/L。经形态观察、部分生理生化特征测定及16S rDNA的保守序列鉴定,确定该菌株为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)。盆栽试验结果表明,与对照组相比,接种该菌株的盆栽土壤中IAA、矿质氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别提高了136.36%、42.1%、67.41%和14.29%;植株根系形态也发生了显著变化,其中根系总长、总面积、总体积、根尖总数分别增加了172.24%、141.73%、112.14%和104.53%;植株鲜重、株高、SPAD值及氮、磷、钾含量分别提高了130.07%、150.65%、151.56%、120.99%、166.33%和138.21%。该菌株具有高效固氮、解磷、解钾及合成IAA的能力,在农业生产的开发利用中具有较大应用潜力。     

ABA对黑黄檀种子萌发的抑制作用以及其他植物激素对ABA的拮抗作用

以云南特有濒危树种黑黄檀(Dalbergia fusca)的种子为材料,研究了脱落酸(ABA)对种子萌发的抑制作用,以及种子萌发过程中吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉酸(GA_3)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)和乙烯利对ABA的拮抗作用.黑黄檀种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃.交替光照(14 h光照和10 h黑暗)以及黑暗对种子萌发没有明显的影响.0.001～0.1 mmol/L ABA不影响种子的萌发率,但降低种子的萌发进程;1 mmol/L和2.5mmol/L ABA显著地抑制种子的萌发率和萌发进程.种子的萌发率不被0.0001～1 mmol/L IAA和GA3、0.0001～0.1 mmol/L 6-BA、以及0.001～10 mmol/L 乙烯利(乙烯供体)的影响,但被1 mmol/L 6-BA抑制.1mmol/L ABA对种子萌发的抑制作用能被0.01～1 mmol/L IAA、0.01～1 mmol/L GA3、0.001～0.1 mmol/L 6-BA和0.1～10 mmol/L乙烯利所拮抗,而且这种拈扰作用与植物激素的类型和浓度有关.0.01 mmol/L 6-BA和0.1 mmol/L乙烯利对l mmol/L ABA抑制作用的拈抗不能被添加0.001 mmol/L IAA或者O.001 mmol/L GA3加成.但0.1 mmol/L 乙烯利对1 mmol/L ABA抑制作用的拮抗能够被添加O.01 mmol/L 6-BA或者0.1 mmol/L 6-BA加成,导致更高的萌发率和幼苗生长.     

Analysis of 3-indolylacetic acid and abscisic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography

A method of analysis of 3-indolylacetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA), allowing the simultaneous extraction of both regulators from plant material, has been developed. The method involves extraction with methanol, isolation of the acid fraction, diazomethane methylation, separation of the hormones through reverse-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, and quantification of both compounds by gas-liquid chromatography. The recovery percentage at each step was monitored with radioactive compounds added at the beginning of the process. The final recovery was 70% for IAA and 96% for ABA. The method was applied to the analysis of the IAA and ABA content of stems of hazel (Corylus avellana L.).     

Growth-promoting Sphingomonas paucimobilis?ZJSH1 associated with Dendrobium officinale through phytohormone production and nitrogen fixation

Growth-promoting Sphingomonas paucimobilis ZJSH1, associated with Dendrobium officinale, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, was characterized. At 90 days post-inoculation, strain ZJSH1 significantly promoted the growth of D. officinale seedlings, with increases of stems by 8.6% and fresh weight by 7.5%. Interestingly, the polysaccharide content extracted from the inoculated seedlings was 0.6% higher than that of the control. Similar growth promotion was observed with the transplants inoculated with strain ZJSH1. The mechanism of growth promotion was attributed to a combination of phytohormones and nitrogen fixation. Strain ZJSH1 was found using the Kjeldahl method to have a nitrogen fixation activity of 1.15 mg l⁻¹, which was confirmed by sequencing of the nifH gene. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, strain ZJSH1 was found to produce various phytohormones, including salicylic acid (SA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Zeatin and abscisic acid (ABA). The growth curve showed that strain ZJSH1 grew well in the seedlings, especially in the roots. Accordingly, much higher contents of SA, ABA, IAA and c-ZR were detected in the inoculated seedlings, which may play roles as both phytohormones and ‘Systemic Acquired Resistance’ drivers. Nitrogen fixation and secretion of plant growth regulators (SA, IAA, Zeatin and ABA) endow S. paucimobilis ZJSH1 with growth-promoting properties, which provides a potential for application in the commercial growth of D. officinale.     

Opposite patterns in the annual distribution and time-course of endogenous abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid in relation to the periodicity of cambial activity in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv

The seasonal change of free abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and their relationship with the cambial activity in Eucommia ulmoides trees were investigated by ABA and IAA immunolocalization using primary polyclonal and rhodamine-red fluorescing secondary antibodies, ABA and IAA quantification using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and systematic monitoring of vascular cell layers production. ABA and IAA clearly displayed opposite annual distribution patterns. In the active period (AP), both immunolocalization and HPLC detected an abrupt decrease of ABA, reaching its lowest level in the summer. During dormancy, ABA started increasing in the first quiescence (Q1) (autumn), peaked in the rest (winter), and gradually decreased from the onset of the second quiescence (Q2) (the end of winter). IAA showed a reverse pattern to that of ABA: it sharply increased in AP, but noticeably decreased from the commencement of Q1. Longitudinally, the ABA distribution increased apico-basally, contrasting with IAA. Laterally, most of the ABA was located in mature vascular tissues, whereas the IAA essentially occurred in the cambial region. The concomitant IAA-ABA distribution and seasonal changes in vascular tissues greatly correlated with xylem and phloem cell production, and late wood differentiation and maturation. Interestingly, the application of exogenous ABA to quiescent E. ulmoides branches, in a water-culture system, inhibited external IAA action on cambial activity reactivation. These results suggest that, in E. ulmoides, ABA and IAA might probably interact in the cambial region. The annual cambial activity could be influenced by an IAA:ABA ratio; and ABA might play a key role in vascular cambium dormancy in higher plants. The relationship between hormonal changes and the (particular) annual life cycle of E. ulmoides is also discussed.     

A method for profiling classes of plant hormones and their metabolites using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: an analysis of hormone regulation of thermodormancy of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds

A highly selective and sensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of several plant hormones and their metabolites is described. The method combines high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive and negative electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to quantify a broad range of chemically and structurally diverse compounds. The addition of deuterium-labeled analogs for these compounds prior to sample extraction permits accurate quantification by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Endogenous levels of abscisic acid (ABA), abscisic acid glucose ester (ABA-GE), 7'-hydroxy-abscisic acid (7'-OH-ABA), phaseic acid (PA), dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-aspartate (IAAsp), zeatin (Z), zeatin riboside (ZR), isopentenyladenine (2iP), isopentenyladenosine (IPA), and gibberellins (GA)1, GA3, GA4, and GA7 were determined simultaneously in a single run. Detection limits ranged from 0.682 fmol for Z to 1.53 pmol for ABA. The method was applied to the analysis of plant hormones and hormonal metabolites associated with seed dormancy and germination in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Grand Rapids), using extracts from only 50 to 100 mg DW of seed. Thermodormancy was induced by incubating seeds at 33 degrees C instead of 23 degrees C. Germinating seeds transiently accumulated high levels of ABA-GE. In contrast, thermodormant seeds transiently accumulated high levels of DPA after 7 days at 33 degrees C. GA1 and GA3 were detected during germination, and levels of GA1 increased during early post-germinative growth. After several days of incubation, thermodormant seeds exhibited a striking transient accumulation of IAA, which did not occur in seeds germinating at 23 degrees C. We conclude that hormone metabolism in thermodormant seeds is surprisingly active and is significantly different from that of germinating seeds.     

Dormancy and seasonal changes of plant growth regulators in hazel buds

Levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and total phenolic compounds have been determined in hazel ( Corylus avellana L. cv. Negreta) buds. IAA and ABA were quantified by flame ionization detector gas-chromatography, and the phenolic content determined by a colorimetric technique. The highest level of free ABA occurs in autumn, approximately at the onset of winter dormancy, and it is lowest just before bud burst; suggesting that ABA plays an important role in the induction and maintenance of winter dormancy. The opposite result was obtained for IAA; the level of this regulator was low in autumn and showed a sharp increase just before budbreak. With respect to phenols, an apparent correlation can be observed between them and ABA in at least some of the fractions studied (acid and residual), so that they may enhance the inhibitory effect of ABA. The IAA/inhibitor balance showed a clear correlation with dormancy. In autumn (dormant buds), this balance is in favour of the inhibitors while the balance shifts towards IAA at the end of winter.     

三裂叶豚草雄花序分化期ABA、GAs和IAA的含量动态

【背景】三裂叶豚草为我国外来入侵有害植物,是世界公认的危害性杂草,不仅影响农牧业的生产,而且其花粉含有致敏蛋白,能引起人体一系列的过敏反应,危害人类健康。植物内源激素与植物生长发育的基本规律和代谢过程的调节控制密切相关。【方法】本文利用高效液相色谱法,研究了三裂叶豚草雄花序分化过程中3种内源激素的含量动态。【结果】在三裂叶豚草雄花芽分化过程中,赤霉素(GAs)的含量在分化初期比较平稳,从花蕾分化期开始急剧下降,雄蕊分化期又上升;吲哚乙酸(IAA)的含量始终处于缓慢上升的趋势;脱落酸(ABA)在花瓣分化期出现且迅速上升,在雄蕊分化末期达到峰值。3种激素中,ABA含量与三裂叶豚草花芽分化的相关性较明显。【结论与意义】ABA的出现及其含量是决定三裂叶豚草雄花序分化能否完成的一个关键因素。本研究为利用化学方法防治三裂叶豚草提供了依据。     

金塔柏扦插不定根形成与内源激素的调控研究

金塔柏（Platycladus orientalis ‘Beverleyensis’）是重要的观赏树种。生长素（IAA）、玉米素（ZT）、脱落酸（ABA）和茉莉酸（JA）在金塔柏扦插不定根再生过程中起着重要的调控作用,但不同发育阶段内源激素的动态变化及其对不定根发生的影响仍不清楚。以金塔柏半木质化枝条为材料,采用连续组织切片技术观察了不定根发生过程,利用高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测了4种内源激素含量的动态变化。结果表明,金塔柏不定根原基起源于愈伤组织、髓射线、木质部、维管形成层、次生韧皮部、皮层、髓射线与形成层交界处等部位,属于多位点发生模式和多类型生根方式。在不定根形成过程中,随着愈伤组织的形成,IAA和ZT含量下降,ABA和JA含量升高;随着根原基的分化,IAA和ZT含量缓慢升高,ABA和JA含量下降;随着不定根形成与伸长,IAA、ZT、JA逐渐升高,ABA维持在低水平。激素平衡分析发现,IAA/ABA比值和IAA/JA比值下降、IAA/ZT比值上升利于愈伤组织的形成,反之利于根原基的诱导分化,而IAA/ABA比值升高,IAA/ZT和IAA/JA维持在较低水平利于不定根形成与伸长。研究结果为揭示不同内源激素对金塔柏扦插不定根再生的调节作用提供了依据。     

ABA 对黑黄檀种子萌发的抑制作用以及其他植物激素对ABA 的拮抗作用

以云南特有濒危树种黑黄檀( Dalbergia fusca) 的种子为材料, 研究了脱落酸(ABA) 对种子萌发的抑制作用, 以及种子萌发过程中吲哚乙酸( IAA) 、赤霉酸(GA3 )、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA) 和乙烯利对ABA的拮抗作用。黑黄檀种子萌发的适宜温度为30℃。交替光照(14 h 光照和10 h 黑暗) 以及黑暗对种子萌发没有明显的影响。0 . 001～0 . 1 mmol/L ABA 不影响种子的萌发率, 但降低种子的萌发进程; 1 mmol􊄯L 和2 . 5mmo􊄯l L ABA 显著地抑制种子的萌发率和萌发进程。种子的萌发率不被0 . 0001 ～ 1 mmo􊄯l L IAA 和GA3 、0 . 0001～0 . 1 mmol/L 6-BA、以及0 . 001～10 mmol/L 乙烯利( 乙烯供体) 的影响,但被1 mmol􊄯L 6-BA 抑制。1mmol/L ABA 对种子萌发的抑制作用能被0 . 01～1 mmol/L IAA、0 . 01～1 mmol/L GA3 、0 . 001～0 .1 mmol/L 6-BA 和0 . 1～10 mmol􊄯L 乙烯利所拮抗, 而且这种拮抗作用与植物激素的类型和浓度有关。0. 01 mmol/L 6-BA 和0 . 1 mmol/L 乙烯利对1mmol/L ABA 抑制作用的拮抗不能被添加0 . 001 mmol/L IAA 或者0 .001 mmol/L GA3 加成。但0 . 1mmol/L 乙烯利对1 mmol/L ABA 抑制作用的拮抗能够被添加0 . 01 mmol/L 6-BA 或者0 .1 mmol/L 6-BA 加成, 导致更高的萌发率和幼苗生长。     

Abscisic acid and 3-indolacetic acid levels during the reinvigoration process of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus radiata</Emphasis> D. Don adult material

The maturation and phase change processes in woody species have not been completely clarified, specially the role of growth regulators during the maturation phase. Understanding their role better will allow to comprehend the physiological aspects of the species, which would allow to chose the optimal management conditions in forestry programs and make them more useful. In the present study, the endogenous content of abscisic acid (ABA) and 3-indolacetic acid (IAA) were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography, in the reinvigoration process of elite Pinus radiata material, during the development of homomicrografts (P. radiata/P. radiata) and heteromicrografts (P. radiata/Pinus caribaea), developed under in vitro conditions. The results showed an increase in the endogenous content of ABA through time and a decrease in the content of IAA. Significant differences were found in the endogenous content of ABA, where the maximum values were detected at 120 days of micrograft culture, being similar to the values obtained in juvenile buds. As well, significant differences were also detected in the endogenous content of IAA in the micrografted buds during all the development phases, compared with adult buds. However, no significant differences were detected in the endogenous content of ABA and IAA, regarding the type of rootstock employed. Considering the endogenous content of ABA and IAA, the micrografted plant material would be equal to the juvenile buds, since statistically they were equal to these buds, considering that the values obtained in this case are independent from the type of rootstock used.