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1.
Vivek K. Bajpai Jung In Yoon Sun Chul Kang 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,83(6):1127-1133
This study was undertaken to assess the in vitro antifungal potential of the essential oil and n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl
acetate, and methanol extracts of Nandina domestica Thunb. against dermatophytes, the casual agents of superficial infections in animals and human beings. The oil (1,000 μg/disc)
and extracts (1,500 μg/disc) revealed 31.1–68.6% and 19.2–55.1% antidermatophytic effect against Trichophyton rubrum KCTC 6345, T. rubrum KCTC 6375, T. rubrum KCTC 6352, Trichophyton mentagrophytes KCTC 6085, T. mentagrophytes KCTC 6077, T. mentagrophytes KCTC 6316, Microsporum canis KCTC 6591, M. canis KCTC 6348, and M. canis KCTC 6349, respectively, along with their respective minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 62.5 to 500 and
125 to 2,000 μg/ml. Also, the oil had strong detrimental effect on spore germination of all the tested dermatophytic fungi
as well as concentration and time-dependent kinetic inhibition of T. rubrum KCTC 6375. The present results demonstrated that N. domestica mediated oil and extracts could be potential sources of natural fungicides to control certain important dermatophytic fungi. 相似文献
2.
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of a cultured medicinal fungus—Armillariella mellea (Vahl. ex Fr.) Karst. (AM). Three antioxidant assay systems, namely cytochrome c, xanthine oxidase inhibition, and FeCl2-ascorbic acid stimulated lipid peroxidation in rat tissue homogenate tests, were used. Total flavonoid and phenol contents
of AM extracts were also analyzed. Results showed that both aqueous (AM-H2O) and ethanolic (AM-EtOH) extracts of solid state cultured AM showed antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent
manner. At concentrations 1–100 μg/ml, the free radical scavenging activity was 73.7–92.1% for AM-H2O, and 60.0–90.8% for AM-EtOH. These extracts also showed an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity, but with a lesser
potency (IC50 is 9.17 μg/ml for AM-H2O and 7.48 μg/ml for AM-EtOH). In general, AM-H2O showed a stronger antilipid peroxidation activity on different rat’s tissues than AM-EtOH. However, both AM extracts displayed
a weak inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation in plasma. Interestingly, the antilipid peroxidation activity of AM-H2O (IC50–6.66 μg/ml) in brain homogenate was as good as IC50–5.42 μg/ml. AM-H2O (80.0 mg/g) possessed a significantly higher concentration of total flavonoids than AM-EtOH (30.0 mg/g), whereas no difference
was noted in the total phenol content between these two extracts. These results conclude that AM extracts possess potent free
radical scavenging and antilipid peroxidation activities, especially the AM-H2O in the brain homogenate.
Published in Russian in Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 495–500.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
3.
F. W. Wang Z. M. Hou C. R. Wang P. Li D. H. Shi 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(10):2143-2147
The metabolites of endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. from the leaf of Hopea hainanensis were reported for the first time. By bioassay-guided fractionation, the EtOAc extract of a solid-matrix steady culture of
this fungus afforded six compounds, which were identified through a combination of spectral and chemical methods (IR, MS,
1H- and 13C-NMR) to be monomethylsulochrin (1), rhizoctonic acid (2), asperfumoid (3), physcion (4), 7,8-dimethyl-iso-alloxazine (5) and 3,5-dichloro-p-anisic acid (6). Compounds 2, 3 and 6 were obtained from Penicillium sp. for the first time. All of the six isolates were subjected to in vitro bioactive assays including antifungal action against
three human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger and cytotoxic activity against the human nasopharyngeal epidermoid tumor KB cell line and human liver cancer HepG2 cell line.
As a result, compounds 2–4 and 6 inhibited the growth of C. albicans with MICs of 40.0, 20.0, 50.0 and 15.0 μg/ml, respectively and the compound 6 showed growth inhibition against A. niger with MICs of 40.0 μg/ml. In addition, compounds 1–3 and 6 exhibited cytotoxic activity against KB cell line with IC50 value of 30.0, 20.0, 20.0, 5.0 μg/ml, respectively and against HepG2 cell line with IC50 value of 30.0, 25.0, 15.0, 10.0 μg/ml, respectively. 相似文献
4.
We compared the effects of four quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids – chelerythrine, chelilutine, sanguinarine, and sanguilutine – and two quaternary protoberberine
alkaloids – berberine and coptisine – on the human cell line HeLa (cervix carcinoma cells) and the yeastsSaccharomyces cerevisiae andSchizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis. The ability of alkaloids to display primary fluorescence, allowed us to record their dynamics and localization in cells.
Cytotoxic, anti-microtubular, and anti-actin effects in living cells were studied. In the yeasts, neither microtubules nor
cell growth was seriously affected even at the alkaloid concentration of 100 μg/ml. The HeLa cells, however, responded to
the toxic effect of alkaloids at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 μg/ml. IC50 values for individual alkaloids were: sanguinarine IC50 = 0.8 μg/ml, sanguilutine IC50 = 8.3 μg/ml, chelerythrine IC50 = 6.2 μg/ml, chelilutine IC50 = 5.2 μg/ml, coptisine IC50 = 2.6 μg/ml and berberine IC50 >10.0 μg/ml. In living cells, sanguinarine produced a decrease in microtubule numbers, particularly at the cell periphery,
at a concentration of 0.1 μg/ml. The other alkaloids showed a similar effect but at higher concentrations (5–50 μg/ml). The
strongest effects of sanguinarine were explained as a consequence of its easy penetration through the cell membrane owing
to nonpolar pseudobase formation and to a high degree of molecular planarity.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Karyagina T. B. Gukasova E. A. Bairamashvili D. I. 《Russian Journal of Plant Physiology》2011,58(4):715-720
Low meadow-rue (Thalictrum minus L.) antioxidant complex was studied in cell extracts and culture medium. Its activity was expressed as total polyphenol content
in ferulic acid equivalents. In these model systems (cell extracts and culture medium) the inhibition of lipid oxidation and
diphenylpicrylhydrazine reduction (EC50 = 12–15 μg/ml) were observed. At the phenolic compound concentration of 8–15 μg/ml, the reducing capacity of cell extracts
was equivalent to 1.5 mM ascorbic acid. At the same time, berberine, a major alkaloid synthesized by the culture, manifested
a low antioxidant activity. The analysis of phenolic acid composition in low meadow-rue showed that one of the main components
of its antioxidant system were caffeic, gallic, chlorogenic, and ferulic acids. 相似文献
6.
Edziri Hayet Mastouri Maha Ammar Samia Matieu Mata Patrich Gros Hiar Raida Mahjoub Mohamed Ali Ali Si Mohamed Laurent Gutmann Zine Mighri Aouni Mahjoub 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(12):2933-2940
Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities of flower extracts of Retama raetam Forssk. Webb (Fabaceae) were screened both from standard and isolated Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by solid medium
technique. Oxacillin, Amoxicillin, Ticarcillin, Cefotaxim, and Amphotericin were used as the control agents. The antiviral
activity was evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strain AD-169 (ATCC Ref. VR 538) and coxsackie B virus type 3
(CoxB-3) using a cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using two tests: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) free-radical scavenging and the ammonium thiocyanate methods. All extracts were characterized quantitatively for the
presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. Of the extracts tested, butanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed important
antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but only moderate antifungal activity. Methanol extract
exhibited moderate antiviral activity against HCMV with IC50 of 250 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate, chloroform, and methanol fractions were found to cause significant free-radical-scavenging effects
in both assays. These results may suggest that R. raetam flowers could be used as a natural preservative ingredient in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries. 相似文献
7.
Wen Gu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(9):1677-1683
A total of 48 strains were isolated from the normal tissues of Malus halliana and the EtOAc extracts of their cultures were subjected to primary antimicrobial screening against four test bacteria and
three fungi. As a result, 22 strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one test microbe. Among them, Alternaria brassicicola ML-P08 showing strong activity (MICs: 0.31–2.50 mg/ml) was selected for further investigation on its secondary metabolites.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract of its liquid culture afforded seven compounds, which were identified as
alternariol (1), alternariol 9-methyl ether (2), altechromone A (3), herbarin A (4), cerevisterol (5), 3β,5α-dihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (6) and 3β-hydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,8,22-trien-7-one (7), respectively, by spectral means (MS, IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR). In vitro antimicrobial assay showed that compound 3 was substantially active against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Candida albicans with the MICs of 3.9, 3.9, 1.8, and 3.9 μg/ml, respectively. Compound 4 also showed pronounced antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum and C. albicans with MICs of both 15.6 μg/ml. In addition, compound 1 exhibited strong xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 of 15.5 μM, comparable to that of positive control, allopurinol (IC50: 10.7 μM). 相似文献
8.
Syed Sultan Beevi Lakshmi Narasu Mangamoori Naveen Anabrolu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(3):465-473
Aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts of the root, stem, and leaf of Raphanus sativus were studied for antibacterial activity against food-borne and resistant pathogens. All extracts except the aqueous extracts
had significant broad-spectrum inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate extract of the root had the potent antibacterial activity,
with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.016–0.064 mg/ml and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.016–0.512 mg/ml
against health-damaging bacteria. This was followed by the ethyl acetate extracts of the leaf and stem with MICs of 0.064–0.256
and 0.128–0.256 mg/ml, respectively and MBCs of 0.128–2.05 and 0.256–2.05 mg/ml, respectively. The ethyl acetate extracts
of the different parts of R. sativus retained their antibacterial activity after heat treatment at 100°C for 30 min, and their antibacterial activity was enhanced
when pH was maintained in the acidic range. Hence this study, for the first time, demonstrated that the root, stem, and leaf
of R. sativus had significant bactericidal effects against human pathogenic bacteria, justifying their traditional use as anti-infective
agents in herbal medicines. 相似文献
9.
Hafedh Hajlaoui Najla Trabelsi Emira Noumi Mejdi Snoussi Hanen Fallah Riadh Ksouri Amina Bakhrouf 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(12):2227-2238
The composition of the essential oils and methanolic extracts of two cultivated mint species (M. longifolia and M. pulegium), as well as the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Mentha longifolia and Mentha pulegium were compared. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil identified 41 compounds constituting 96.66 and 96.13% of the total oil
from M. longifolia and M. pulegium, respectively. The later oils were rich on pulegone (47.15 and 61.11%, respectively). Moreover, 1,8 cineole (11.54%), menthone
(10.7%), α-pinene (3.57%), α-terpineol (3.17%) and d-cadinene (3.53%) were only present in M. longifolia oil, while isomenthone (17.02%), and piperitone (2.63%), were characteristic of M. pulegium oil. Shoot extract of the two species showed significantly different contents in total polyphenols (89.1 and 37.41 mg GAE/g
DW), flavonoids (63.93 and 33.83 mg CE/g DW) and tannins (1.47 and 3.07 mg CE/g DW), respectively in M. longifolia and M. pulegium. The essential oils showed strong antimicrobial activity against all 16 microorganisms tested, whereas the methanol extracts
were inactive. Moreover, the essential oils showed higher antioxidant activity than the methanolic extracts against the DPPH
and superoxide radical scavenging. In fact, antioxidant activities of the oils were the same for both M. longifolia and M. pulegium against DPPH (IC50 = 9 and 10 μg/ml, respectively) and 2-fold and 4-fold higher than shoot extracts (IC50 = 20 and 48 μg/ml, respectively). Moreover, both oils showed the same antioxidative abilities as compared to the positive
control (butylated hydroxytoluene). In the same way, the capacity to inhibit superoxide anion was very significant for the
two oils (0.1 μg/ml for M. longifolia and 0.11 μg/ml for M. pulegium). 相似文献
10.
Acacia catechu, commonly known as catechu, cachou and black cutch is an important medicinal plant and an economically important forest tree.
The methanolic extract of this plant was found to have antimicrobial activities against six species of pathogenic and non-pathogenic
microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The maximum zone of inhibition (20 mm) was found to be exhibited against S. aureus. For this organism the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the crude extract was 1,000 μg/ml. The extract was found
to be equally effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was found
to be decreased during purification. The chemical constituents of organic plant extracts were separated by thin layer chromatography
(TLC) and the plant extracts were purified by column chromatography and were further identified by Gas chromatography–mass
selection (GC–MS) analysis. The composition of A. catechu extract had shown major components of terpene i.e. camphor (76.40%) and phytol (27.56%) along with other terpenes in minor
amounts which are related with their high antibacterial and antifungal properties. 相似文献
11.
A. Rehman Farah R. Shakoori A. R. Shakoori 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2007,23(6):753-758
Summary The alga, Distigma proteus, isolated from industrial wastewater showed tolerance against Cd2+ (8.0 μg/ml), Cr6+ (12 μg/ml), Pb2+ (15 μg/ml) and Cu2+ (10 μg/ml). The metal ions slowed down the growth of the organism after 4–5 days of exposure. The reduction in cell population
was 90% for Cu2+, 84% for Cd2+, 71% for Cr6+, and 63% for Pb2+ after 8 days of metal stress. The order of resistance to heavy metal, in terms of reduction in the cellular population, was
Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Cr6+ > Pb2+. Chromium- and cadmium-processing capabilities of the alga were worked out for its potential use as a bioremediator of wastewater.
The reduction in the amount of Cr6+ after 2, 4, 6 and 8 days of algal culture containing 5.0 μg Cr6+ ml−1 of culture medium was 77, 85, 92 and 97%, respectively. Distigma could also remove 48% Cd2+after 2 days, 68% after 4 days, 80% after 6 days and 90% after 8 days from the medium. The heavy metal uptake ability of Distigma can be exploited for metal detoxification and environmental clean-up operations. 相似文献
12.
Z. Q. Chang M. H. Hwang M. H. Rhee K. S. Kim J. C. Kim S. P. Lee W. S. Jo S. C. Park 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(2):181-187
The in vitro anti-platelet and antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts from Phellinus gilvus (PG), and the effects of hot water extract from PG (PGW) on murine cellular immunity were investigated. Chloroform extract
(CE), methanol extract (ME) and butanol extract (BE) from PG could significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by thrombin.
Ethyl acetate extract (EAE), BE, ME from PG had significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity compared
with the control, and the EAE showed the highest effect with IC50 values of 13.34 μg/ml, which is higher than that of ascorbic acid (40 μg/ml). In addition, EAE displayed the inhibition of
xanthine oxidase (XO) activity with IC50 value of 2.45 μg/ml. As to the cellular immunity activity, PGW could enhance both the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced B
lymphocyte proliferation and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. The phagocytosis of both
peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 macrophage cells were also increased by the addition of PGW. Moreover, PGW was found to
inhibit the nitric oxide (NO) production of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS in a concentration-dependant manner. 相似文献
13.
Purpose of the present study was to evaluate alkaloid profile of the aerial parts of Lupinus angustifolius growing in Turkey by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifteen alkaloids were identified by capillary
GC-MS. 13α-Hydroxylupanine (50.78%) and lupanine (23.55%) were determined as the main alkaloids in the aerial parts of L. angustifolius. Ammodendrine, isoangustifoline, tetrahydrorhombifoline, angustifoline, α-isolupanine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, 11,12-dehydrolupanine,
13α-acetoxylupanine, 13α-isovaleroyloxylupanine, 13α-valeroyloxylupanine, 13α-tigloyloxylupanine, 13α-cis-cinnamoyloxylupanine and 13α-cis-cinnamoyloxy-17-oxolupanine were identified as the minor alkaloids of the plant. Furthermore, antibacterial and antifungal
activities of L. angustifolius alkaloid extract were tested against standard strains of the following bacteria; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as well as the fungi; Candida albicans and C. krusei. The alkaloid extract showed significant activity on B. subtilis, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa while it was weakly active on E. coli. On the other hand, the extract possessed moderate activity against C. albicans and C. krusei. 相似文献
14.
Neda S. Lakić Neda M. Mimica-Dukić Jelena M. Isak Biljana N. Božin 《Central European Journal of Biology》2010,5(3):331-337
The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum L., Rubiaceae) herb from two different localities in Serbia were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was assessed in four different
model systems. Free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) was examined by measuring the scavenging activity of extracts on 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazil
(DPPH) and hydroxyl radical (OH), as well as on hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the protective effects of lipid peroxidation
(LP) in corn oil were evaluated by the TBA-assay using the Fe2+/ascorbate system of induction. The amount of dried extract, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids and chlorophylls was
also determined. Extracts from both locations expressed very strong scavenger activity, reducing the DPPH⊙ (IC50=3.10 μg/mland 8.04 μg/ml) and OH radical formation (IC50=0.05 μg/ml and 0.54 μg/ml) and neutralising H2O2 (IC50=4.98 μg/ml and 3.80 μg/ml), in a dose dependant manner. Also, examined extracts showed notable inhibition of LP (IC50=11.69 μg/ml and 19.47 μg/ml). The observed differences in antioxidant activity could be partially explained by the levels
of phenolics (2.44–4.65 mg and 4.57–5.16 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry extract), flavonoids (6.38–10.70 μg and 15.56–17.96
μg quercetin equivalents/g dry extract) and chlorophylls in the investigated Lady’s Bedstraw extracts. 相似文献
15.
Candida ciferrii, which is known as an agent of superficial yeast infection and onychomycosis, has rarely been isolated as an agent of candidemia.
Limited reports have suggested different patterns of antifungal sensitivity. We report a rare candidemia case caused by c.ciferrii in an 8-year-old child in which isolated candida species were resistant to amphotericin-B (MIC > 1 μg/ml), fluconazole, (MIC ≥ 64 μg/ml), caspofungin (MIC ≥ 32 μg/ml), and
anidulafungin (MIC ≥ 32 μg/ml) but sensitive to voriconazole (MIC ≤ 0.12 μg/ml). As far as we aware, this was the first recorded
C. ciferrii candidemia case in children. 相似文献
16.
Pei-Wen Hsieh Li-Chi Hsu Chern-Hsiung Lai Chin-Chung Wu Tsong-Long Hwang Yin-Ku Lin Yang-Chang Wu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(8):1461-1469
The endophytic extracts from 19 endophytes, isolated from 13 species of Taiwanese plants, were evaluated for biological activity,
including cytotoxicity, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-inflammatory activity. The extracts of 12 endophytes exhibited
inhibitory effects on collagen-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 19.85–87.64 μg/ml. Four strains, Rahnella aquatilis, Pantoea agglomerans, Rhodotorula sp., and Penicillium paxilli, also showed inhibitory effects on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 42.80–61.54 μg/ml. Additionally 12 extracts of endophytes exhibited cytotoxicities with IC50 values of 0.12–19.83 μg/ml. However, eight extracts revealed inhibitory effects on superoxide anion generation induced by
fMLP (N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine) in human neutrophils. The extract of Rahnella aquatilis showed anti-platelet aggregation activity, and bioassay-directed fractionation led to the isolation of six compounds, including
one isoalloxazine: lumichrome (1); two isoflavones: genistein (2) and daidzein (3); two cyclic peptides: cyclo-Pro-Val (4)
and cyclo-Pro-Phe (5); and one benzenoid: methyl 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (6). These results indicated that endophytes from
Taiwanese herbal plants could be useful sources for research and development of bioactive lead compounds from nature. 相似文献
17.
Ángeles Verástegui Julia Verde Santos García Norma Heredia Azucena Oranday Catalina Rivas 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(7):1249-1252
The in vitro antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and molds were examined in extracts of the Agave species A. lecheguilla, A. picta, A. scabra and A. lophanta using an agar diffusion technique. The extracts of A. picta produced zones of inhibition of 9–13 mm for E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and V. cholerae, while B. cereus and Y. enterocolitica were not inhibited. The other Agave species did not show any detectable inhibitory activity against the bacteria tested; however, all four Agave sp. were inhibitory against all yeast and molds analyzed as evident by 9–20 mm zones of inhibition. The minimum microbicidal
concentration (MMC) of the active extract ranged from 1.8 to 7.0 mg/ml for the sensitive bacteria, and 2.0–3.0 mg/ml for yeast.
In the case of molds, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the active extracts ranged from 3.0 to 6.0 mg/ml. Together,
these data suggest that the Agave sp. analyzed are potential antimicrobial candidates with a broad range of activity. 相似文献
18.
During antioxidant screening using 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and a lipid peroxidation assay, a streptomycete strain
was found to produce herbimycin A and dihydroherbimycin A as antioxidants in the culture filtrate. These molecules were identified
by using spectral analyses, including infrared, ultraviolet, mass spectrum, and nuclear magnetic resonance assays. In the
DPPH radical-scavenging assay, dihydroherbimycin A exhibited more potent antioxidant activity (IC50, 1.3 μM) than α-tocopherol (IC50, 2.7 μM) that was used as a reference compound. In the lipid peroxidation assay, both herbimycin A and dihydroherbimycin
A demonstrated antioxidant activities of 61% and 72%, respectively, at 100 μg/ml, while α-tocopherol exhibited an activity
of 93% at the same concentration. Therefore, dihydroherbimycin A might have the potential to be developed into a new therapeutic
agent. 相似文献
19.
R. D. Jebakumar Solomon Subramaniam Kallidass Jayaraj Vimalan 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2005,21(6-7):1231-1236
Summary Fresh, dried and powdered samples of leaf, stem and root of Acalypha indica were subjected to fractional distillation in a soxhlet apparatus using solvents such as hexane, chloroform, acetone and methanol.
The plant extracts and a synthetic antifungal compound, Clotrimazole (authentic standard) were subjected to TLC and HPLC analyses.
The Rf (relative front) value of Clotrimazole was 0.371. The plant’s leaf, root and stem extracts also gave distinct spots respectively
at Rf value of 0.371 ± 0.0009. In HPLC, the TLC-separated active compound and Clotrimazole resolved at 1.90 ± 0.2 min (retention
time). The amounts of active compound present in root, leaf and stem extracts were 538, 415 and 171 μg/g respectively. From the results of our study, we infer that the active compound isolated from Acalypha indica is more potent in controlling Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli. The Active compound present in the plant had more than 100% activity when compared to standard Clotrimazole. 相似文献
20.
Buatong Jirayu Phongpaichit Souwalak Rukachaisirikul Vatcharin Sakayaroj Jariya 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(12):3005-3008
The aim of this work was to select endophytic fungi from mangrove plants that produced antimicrobial substances. Minimal inhibitory
concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) or minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFC) of crude extracts
from 150 isolates were determined against potential human pathogens by a colorimetric microdilution method. Ninety-two isolates
(61.3%) produced inhibitory compounds. Most of the extracts (28–32%) inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (MIC/MBC 4–200/64–200 μg ml−1). Only two extracts inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC/MBC 200/>200 μg ml−1). 25.5 and 11.7% inhibited Microsporum gypseum and Cryptococcus neoformans (MIC/MFC 4–200/8–200 μg ml−1 and 8–200/8–200 μg ml−1, respectively), while 7.5% were active against Candida albicans (MIC/MFC 32–200/32–200 μg ml−1). None of the extracts inhibited Escherichia coli. The most active fungal extracts were from six genera, Acremonium, Diaporthe, Hypoxylon, Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, and Xylaria as identified using morphological and molecular methods. Phomopsis sp. MA194 (GU592007, GU592018) isolated from Rhizophora apiculata showed the broadest antimicrobial spectrum with low MIC values of 8–32 μg ml−1against Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts and M. gypseum. It was concluded that endophytic fungi from mangrove plants are diverse, many produce compounds with antimicrobial activity
and could be suitable sources of new antimicrobial natural products. 相似文献