A REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SECTION DYSOSMIA

Revision of Passiflora subgenus Passiflora section Dysosmia DC. (Passifloraceae). The twenty one species and 10 varieties (31 taxa) comprising subgenus Passiflora section Dysosmia DC are described and some are illustrated with photographs and line drawings. Two species, Passiflora vesicaria L. and Passiflora ciliata (Dryand) Mast., are removed from synonymy and reinstated to species rank. Passiflora baraquiniana Lemaire is removed from synonymy and given varietal status. The species Passiflora santiagana (Killip) Borhidi is reduced in rank to varietal status. Of the 38 varieties of Passiflora foetida L. described by E. P. Killip in his 1938 monograph, 28 are reduced to synonymy, four are reassigned as varieties of other species and four remain as varieties of P. foetida. A new variety, Passiflora foetida var. ellisonii Vanderplank, is described with photographs and line drawings.     

中国猎舞虻亚属一新种（双翅目：舞虻科）

记述我国猎舞虻亚属1新种：双鬃猎舞虻Rhamphomyia (Rhamphomyia) biseta sp. nov., 编制了中国种类检索表。模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆。     

PASSIFLORA INSOLITI

A new species of Passiflora L. in subgenus Decaloba (DC.) Rchb. from Montebello Lake, Chiapas, Mexico is described; its history, taxonomy, distribution and cultivation are discussed.     

PASSIFLORA ITATIAIENSIS

A new species of Passiflora L. in subgenus Decaloba (DC.) Rchb. from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil is described; its history, taxonomy, distribution, ecology and cultivation are discussed.     

New subgenus of the genus Schizoprymnus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Japan, having a unique abdominal carapace structure

A new subgenus of the genus Schizoprymnus Foerster is described and figured from Honshu, Japan. The subgenus, Ibarakius subgen. nov., comprises three species, S. (I.) gotoi sp. nov. (type species), S. (I.) kaizawus sp. nov., and S. (I.) honshuensis sp. nov. A pair of long, curved posteroventral processes on the carapace is unique to Ibarakius subgen. nov. The variability of frontal protuberances and sutures of the carapace in the brachistine genera Triaspis Haliday and Schizoprymnus Foerster is discussed.     

The family Ctenobelbidae (Acari,Oribatida), with description of a new species and discussion on systematic placement and taxonomic status of the genus Berndamerus Mahunka, 1977

The oribatid mite genus Berndamerus Mahunka, 1977 is transferred into the family Ctenobelbidae as the subgenus Ctenobelba (Berndamerus) Mahunka, 1977, stat. n. from the family Amerobelbidae. The known species of Berndamerus combined: C. (B.) bicostata (Berlese, 1910), comb. n., C. (B.) eremuloides (Berlese, 1910), comb. n., C. (B.) hellenica (Mahunka, 1977), comb. n. A new species, Ctenobelba (Berndamerus) bugiamapensis sp. n., is described from soil, Bu Gia Map National Park, southern Vietnam. It differs from the other species of the subgenus by the heterotrichy of notogastral setae, presence of adanal neotrichy and localization of adanal lyrifissures. Ctenobelbidae is recorded in Vietnam for the first time. A new diagnosis of the family Ctenobelbidae and the identification keys to the known subgenera of the genus Ctenobelba and species of the subgenus Ctenobelba (Berndamerus) are provided.     

Taxonomic status of Amebachia Uchida in the genus Netelia Gray (Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae; Tryphoninae) with descriptions of four new species from Japan

The lectotype of Amebachia baibarana Uchida, 1928, which is the type species of Amebachia Uchida, was re‐examined. Though this species was synonymized with Netelia (Netelia) laevis (= Paniscus laevis Cameron, 1905) and Amebachia has been synonymized under the subgenus Netelia of the genus Netelia, it is concluded that A. baibarana is a distinct species from N. laevis and Amebachia should be a subgenus of the genus Netelia. Netelia laevis is transferred from the subgenus Netelia to Apatagium. Four new species of Netelia (Amebachia), N. (A.) yoshimatsui sp. nov., N. (A.) rasilella sp. nov., N. (A.) fulvistigma sp. nov., and N. (A.) vicinalis sp. nov. are described from Japan, and a key to the species of this subgenus is provided.     

Some generic concepts in Compositae – Gnaphaliinae

The species of Gnaphalium, Helichrysum and related genera in southern Africa have been surveyed and a number of groups of allied species detected in which the ratio of female to hermaphrodite flowers ranges from a majority of female to a majority of hermaphrodite and in some groups there are even homogamous species. Thus, the failure of the old sex-ratio character used to separate Gnaphalium and Helichrysum is confirmed. The validity of these groupings has been tested by studying detailed characters such as the structure of the stereome (whether undivided or fenestrated) and the type of achenial hair, as well as the more usual floral characters. Most of these plants have leaves with flat or revolute margins and the occasional occurrence of involute margins is taxonomically important. Gnaphalium L. (type G. uliginosum L.) has been redefined to include Amphidoxa DC. and Demidium DC. (female flowers epappose) and species with more hermaphrodite flowers then female. The stereome is undivided. Helichrysum remains a massive and highly diverse genus and includes Leontonyx Cass. The stereome is normally fenestrated and the receptacle epaleate. One or two species have paleae, but Rhynea with receptacle paleate and stereome undivided is maintained. A small group of species with undivided stereomes, centred on H. marifolium D.C., has had to be retained in Helichrysum because of the existence of linking species. Undivided stereome and subglobose achenial hairs enjoin the transfer of H. vestitum (L.) Willd. and two allies, as well as the group of species centred on H. paniculatum (Thunb.) Thunb., to Helipterum, despite the lack of plumose pappus. Edmondia Cass. (H. sesamoides (L.) Willd.) with distinctive habit, involute leaves and no close relatives in Helichrysum is reinstated. Pseudognaphalium Kirp., to which only P. oxyphyllum (DC.) Kirp. had previously been assigned, is extended to include, in its typical subgenus, Hypelichrysum Kirp. and a number of American species of Gnaphalium, as well as the African G. undulatum L. and G. oligandrum (DC.) Hilliard & Burtt, and the Asiatic G. hypoleucum DC. and G. chrysocephalum Franch. A new subgenus, Laphangium, is created to accommodate G. luteo-album L. and its allies. Achyrocline (Less.) DC. has been maintained, as is done in South America, and some African species placed under Helichrysum by Moesert 1910) are returned to it. Two new genera are recognized among gnaphalioid plants with undivided stereomes: Troglophyton (based on G. capillaceum Thunb.) with about seven species and Plecostachys (based on G. serpyllifolium Berg, and including G. polifolium Thunb.). Both genera straddle the old numerical boundary between Gnaphalium and Helichrysum. The monotypic Helichrysopsis Kirp. is maintained. Plants of gnaphalioid aspect with fenestrated stereomes necessitate a further new genus: Vellereophyton (type G. dealbatum Thunb., better known as G. candidissimum Lam.) with seven species. Eriosphaera Less, and Lasiopogon Cass, are redefined and enlarged to include species previously placed in Gnaphalium. Metalasia and Lachnospermum are redefined, with the transfer of the only large-headed species remaining in Metalasia to Lachnospermum. Two new genera are created for plants in this affinity previously misplaced in Helichrysum. Atrichantha is based on H. gemmiferum Bol. and one new species is described. Dolichothrix is established for the anomalous H. ericoides (Lam.) Pers. Ifloga is briefly investigated and it is shown that the distinction between sect. Ifloga and sect. Eutrichogyne Bentham must be based on characters of the capitulum, not just on annual versus subshrubby habit. Lasiopogon molluginoides DC. (=Comptonanthus Nordenstam) is transferred to Ifloga and the structure of the capitulum in the genus is discussed. Some earlier work on this group of plants is briefly summarized, the phytogeographical interest of the proposed arrangement is discussed and some general conclusions offered.     

Revision of the subgenus Ceranthia Robineau-Desvoidy of the genus Siphona Meigen of Japan (Diptera: Tachinidae)

Japanese species of the subgenus Ceranthia Robineau‐Desvoidy are revised. Five species are recognized in Japan, three of which are described as new to science: Siphona (Ceranthia) angusta, S. (C.) nigra and S. (C.) setigera. A key to Japanese species is provided and male terminalia are illustrated. Monophyly of this group is discussed.     

The role of chromosome changes in the diversification of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae)

Passiflora L. has more than 575 species distributed especially in the Neotropics. The chromosome number variation in the genus is highly congruent with its main subgenera, but its basic chromosome number (x) and the underlying events responsible for this variation have remained controversial. Here, we provide a robust and well-resolved time-calibrated phylogeny that includes 102 taxa, and by means of phylogenetic comparative methods (PCM) we tested the relative importance of polyploidy and dysploidy events to Passiflora karyotype evolution and diversification. Passiflora arose 42.9 Mya, with subgenus diversification at the end of the Palaeogene (Eocene-Oligocene). The basic chromosome number of the genus is proposed as x?=?6, and a strong recent diversification found in the Passiflora subgenus (Miocene) correlated to genome size increase and a chromosome change from n?=?6 to n?=?9 by ascending dysploidy. Polyploidy, conversely, appeared restricted to few lineages, such as Astrophea and Deidamioides subgenera, and did not lead to diversification increases. Our findings suggest that ascending dysploidy provided a great advantage for generating long-term persistent lineages and promoting species diversification. Thus, chromosome numbers/genome size changes may have contributed to morphological/ecological traits that explain the pattern of diversification observed in the genus Passiflora.     

A taxonomic revision of Labiostrongylus (Labiostrongylus) (Yorke & Maplestone, 1926) and Labiostrongylus (Labiomultiplex) n. subg. (Nematoda: Cloacinidae) from macropodid and potoroid marsupials

The morphological characters used to differentiate species in the genus Labiostrongylus Yorke & Maplestone, 1926, parasitic in macropodid and potoroid marsupials, are discussed. The genus is divided into three subgenera Labiostrongylus (Labiostrongylus), L. (Labiomultiplex) n. subg. and L. (Labiosimplex) n. subg. on the basis of the presence or absence of interlabia and the morphology of the oesophagus. A key to the subgenera is given and a detailed revision of two of the subgenera is presented. Keys to each of the subgenera are given, the species discussed being: L. (L.) labiostrongylus) (type-species) (syn. L. (L.) insularis, L. (L.) grandis, L. (L.) macropodis sp. inq. and L. (L.) nabarlekensis n. sp., in the subgenus Labiostrongylus, and L. (Lm.) eugenii, L. (Lm.) novaeguineae, L. (Lm.) onychogale, L. (Lm.) uncinatus, L. (Lm.) billardierii n. sp., L. (Lm.) constrictis n. sp., L. (Lm.) kimberleyensis n. sp., L. (Lm.) thylogale n. sp., and L. (Lm.) potoroi, n. sp., in the subgenus Labiomultiplex.     

Cestodes of birds from the Ivory Coast. Species of the genus Anonchotaenia Cohn, 1990

Five taxa included in the cestode genus Anonchotaenia (Cyclophyllidea, Paruterinidae) have been found in various birds from the Ivory Coast (West Africa). The hosts belong to the families Hirundinidae and Corvidae. A. (Paranonchotaenia) prionopos n. sp., parasitic in Prionops plumata, and A. (P.) malaconoti n. sp, parasitic in Malaconotus blanchoti, are placed in a new subgenus named Paranonchotaenia, which is erected for the Anonchotaenia species showing genital ducts passing between the longitudinal excretory stems. A. (P.) prionopos is characterised by a rather short cirrus-pouch, six to seven testes, and an integumental cavity at the distal extremity of the cirrus-pouch in gravid proglottides. A. (P.) malaconoti differs from the former species mainly by the larger cirrus-pouch and a slightly greater number of testes. The other three species are A. longiovata, parasitic in Hirundo semirufa; A. globata, parasitic in Psadiloprocne obscura (the latter two species are recorded from new hosts and new geographical areas); and Anonchotaenia sp., parasitic in Hirundo rustica. It is assumed that the subgenus A. (Anonchotaenia) is rather a parasite of the Passerida and that the subgenus A. (Paranonchotaenia) tends to be parasitic in the Corvida.This paper is a part of the author's thesis.This paper is a part of the author's thesis.     

Five new species and a new subgenus of the mite genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Premicrodispus</Emphasis> (Acari,Heterostigmata, Microdispidae) from Turkmenistan

A new monotypic subgenus, Premicrodispulus subgen. n., with the type species Premicrodispus reductus sp. n., and four new species of the nominative subgenus of the mite genus Premicrodispus, P. (Premicrodispus) paradoxus sp. n., P. (P.) heterocaudatus sp. n., P. (P.) obtusisetosus sp. n., and P. (P.) incisus sp. n., collected in soils of Turkmenistan are described. The subgenus Premicrodispulus subgen. n. differs from the nominative subgenus in the presence of 3 setae on genu I (seta l″ absent) and 1 seta on genu II (setae d and l″ absent). Premicrodispus (Premicrodispus) paradoxus sp. n. differs from all the species of the genus in the presence of solenidion on tarsus III. P. (P.) heterocaudatus sp. n. is most similar to P. longisetosus (Mahunka, 1970), but differs in the setae ps3 distinctly longer than ps ₁ (in P. longisetosus, ps ₃ and ps ₁ are similar in length). P. (P.) obtusisetosus sp. n. is most similar to P. montanus Khaustov, 2006, but differs in obtuse setae c ₁, e, and f (in P. montanus, these setae are pointed); P. (P.) incisus sp. n. is most closely related to P. longisetosus (Mahunka, 1970), but differs in the presence of distinct excavations on the posterior margin of tergites C and D (in P. longisetosus, excavations are absent).     

Hymenocallis incaica, a new species of Amaryllidaceae from Peru

An new species of Amaryllidaceae, namely Hymenocallis incaica sp. nov., is described from the department of Huancavelica, Peru. The species belongs in subgenus hmene (Salisb.) Bak., being mainly related to H. hawkesii Varg., H. narcissiflora (Jacq.) Macbr., and H. pedunculata (Herb.) Macbr. A key to the species of the subgenus is provided.     

A taxonomic revision of the genus Tordylium L. (Apiaceae)

The four related genera: Ainsworthia Boiss., Tordylium L., Synelcosciadium Boiss. and Mandenovia Alava are revised. Data are presented from detailed gross morphology, mericarp surface features and anatomy, and palynology.
The results show: (1) Ainsmorthia and Synelcosciadium are congeneric with the genus Tordylium, and that Mandenovia is a good monotypic genus; (2) Tordylium persicum is synonymous with 7. cappadocicum and 7. aegaeum with 7. pestalozzae; (3) the genus Tordylium is best divided into subgenus Tordylium (including Synelcosciadium) and subgenus Ainsworthia (Boiss.) Drude. The latter is divided into section Condylocarpus (Hoffm.) DC, section Hasselquistia (L.) Boiss. and section Univittata Drude.
A new species of Tordylium is described, and two new combinations made. A taxonomic treatment of the genus 'Tordylium', together with a key to the species, is given.     

A new classification for the subgenera of the genus Acanthophthirius Perkins,with descriptions of twelve new taxa (Acarina,Trombidiformes, Myobiidae)

The myobiid genus Acanthophthirius Perkins, to date comprising four subgenera, is reviewed and divided into just two subgenera, the nominate subgenus and Myotimyobia Fain. The male genital shield and female opisthogastric sclerites, which are here considered to be part of female genitalia, are adopted as the criteria for dividing the subgenera. These structures are essentially the same in form and position in the subgenus Acanthopthirius in its revised sense, while they are both more heterogeneous in species of the redefined subgenus Myotimyobia. The subgenera Acanthophthirius Fain and Chiromyobia Fain are thought to represent species-groups in the nominate subgenus, named respectively the etheldredae and miniopteri groups. The following one new subspecies and 11 new species are described: A. (A.) womersleyi eptesicus, A. (A.) glauconycteris, A. (A.) mauritaniensis, A. (A.) philetoris, A. (A.) otonycteris, A. (A.) steatocaudatus, A. (A.) nyctophilis, A. (M.) vagus, A. (M.) longus A. (M.) baueris, A. (A.) hesperopteris (female only) and A. (M.) pixonixeos (female only). A. (M.) hanensis is synonymised with A. (M.) namurensis, and A. (M.) capacini is emended to A. (M.) capaccinii and relegated to a subspecies of A. (M.) myotis. All the known and new species are assigned to their respective subgenera and shown in a table. Incongruent host-relationships of some of the mites are clarified, although not completely solved, by the introduction of the new classification for the subgenera.     

A new subgenus and three new species of the Oribatid mite families hermanniellidae,Oribatellidae, and Scheloribatidae (Acariformes,Oribatida) from the Caucasus

A new subgenus, Sacculoribatella subgen. n., of Oribatella and 3 new species the families Hermanniellidae (Hermanniella aliverdievae sp. n.), Oribatellidae (Oribatella caspica sp. n.), and Scheloribatidae (Pachygena makarovae sp. n.) are described from the Caucasus.