海南植物增补(Ⅺ)

报道了海南8种植物新记录种,隶属于8科8属,其中3属为海南新记录属。新记录属分别为金线草属Antenoron Rafin.、变豆菜属Sanicula Linn.、龙珠属Tubocapsicum (Wettst.) Makino;新记录种包括龙眼润楠Machilus oculodracontis、金线草Antenoron filiforme、大叶拿身草Desmodium laxiflorum、钦州柯Lithocarpus qinzhouicus、多序楼梯草Elatostema macintyrei、膜叶变豆菜Sanicula lamelligera、小叶乌饭树Vaccinium bracteatum var. chinense、龙珠Tubocapsicum anomalum。凭证标本存放在中国科学院华南植物园标本馆(IBSC)、香港嘉道理农场暨植物园植物标本室(KFBG)及香港政府标本室(HK)。     

西藏4种新分布药用植物

在全国第四次中药资源普查试点之西藏自治区墨脱县野外调查中,发现西藏2个新记录属植物——球果藤属(Aspidocarya)与龙珠属(Tubocapsicum),4个新记录种植物——球果藤(Aspidocarya uvifera Hook.f.et Thoms.)、龙珠(Tubocapsicum anomalum)、毛花槭(Acer erianthum Schwer.)和清香藤(Jasminum lanceolarium Roxb.),凭证标本保存于西藏高原生态研究所植物标本室(XZE)。该次发现的植物新记录丰富了西藏的植物区系,更加深入地了解了当地的药用植物资源。     

秦岭植物分布3新记录属

报道了秦岭植物分布3新记录属:鹿蹄草科(Pyrolaceae)的沙晶兰属(Monotropastrum Andres)、列当科(Orobanchaceae)的藨寄生属(Gleadovia Gamble et Prain)和爵床科(Acanthaceae)的十万错属(Asystasia Blume)。相应的新记录种或变种为无毛沙晶兰[M.humile(D.Don)H.Hara var.glaberrimum H.Hara]、藨寄生(G.ruborum Gamble et Prain)和白接骨[A.neesiana(Wallich)Nees]。     

湖北蕨类植物新记录

该文报道了湖北蕨类植物1个新记录属:冷蕨属(Cystopteris Bernhardi)及对应的新记录种宝兴冷蕨(Cystopteris moupinensis Franchet); 4个新记录种:台湾剑蕨(Loxogramme formosana Nakai)、扇羽阴地蕨[Botrychium lunaria (Linnaeus) Swartz]、耳状紫柄蕨[Pseudophegopteris aurita (Hooker) Ching]、巢形鳞毛蕨[Dryopteris transmorrisonense (Hayata) Hayata]; 2个新记录变种:尾头凤尾蕨(Pteris oshimensis var.paraemeiensis Ching)和西藏粉背蕨[Aleuritopteris subvillosa var. tibetica (ChingS. K. Wu) H. S. Kung]。这些蕨类新记录在湖北的发现,大大丰富了湖北的植物区系及物种多样性,同时对这些蕨类的经济价值或药用价值进行了简要分析,为其资源的进一步合理开发和利用提供了一些理论依据。     

内蒙古白粉菌4个新记录种

报道了内蒙古白粉菌4个新记录种,分别是寄生在白桦Betula platyphylla上的桦木白粉菌Erysiphe betulina、大果榆Ulmus macrocarpa上的榆白粉菌原变种Erysiphe ulmi var.ulmi、刺果茶藨Ribes burejense上的醋栗单囊白粉菌Podosphaera mors-uvae和栾树Koelreuteria paniculata上的栾树叉钩丝壳Sawadaea koelreuteriae。其中,白桦Betula platyphylla和刺果茶藨子Ribes burejense为上述白粉菌的国内新记录寄主,文中提供了详细的形态描述和线条图。引证标本保存在赤峰学院菌物标本室(CFSZ)。     

广东楝科植物分类的初步研究

本文是对广东楝科植物种类的初步整理、研究,记载了16属33种7交种,包括本省产的13属27种7变种和外来引种的3属6种。其中有1个新变种(封开地黄连Munronia hainanensis How et T. Chen var. microphyllina X. M. Chen),3个新组合(曾椤Amoora tsangii (Merr.) X. M. Chen, 雷楝Reinwardtiodendron dubium (Merr.) X. M. Chen, 毛香椿Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) M. J. Roem. var. schensiana (C. DC.) X. M. Chen), 3个分布新记录[雷楝属Reinwardtiodendron (我国新记录),鹧鸪花Trichilia connaroides (W. et A.) Bentv. var. connaroides(广东新记录),海南(木坚)木Dysoxylvm hainanense Merr. var. hainanense(广东大陆新记录)].     

河南省虎耳草科增补与订正

报道了虎耳草科新记录2种3变种:长白茶藨子(Ribes komarovii)、疏花山梅花(Philadelphus laxiflorus)、米柴山梅花(Philadelphus incanus var.mitsai)、无柄溲疏(Deutzia glabrata var.sessilifolia)和绣毛绣球(Hydrangea longipes var.fulvescens),并对<河南植物志>虎耳草科17个类群进行了订正.     

寄生在菇类上的轮枝菌近似属*

本文报道了我国栽培及野生菇类上的寄生真菌,1个新变种:紫聚伞霉星梗变种Sibirina purpurec var. asterophora, J. D.Chen, 8个新记录,其中1个新组合:星梗聚伞霉Sibirina astrophorea(de Hoog)J.D.Chen)。它们都是轮枝菌近似属。有4个是我国罕见属、种。对它们的培养性状、形态特征分别作详细描述,并列出寄主名称、分布地区、附图及照片。     

寄生在菇类上的轮枝菌近似属

本文报道了我国栽培及野生菇类上的寄生真菌,1个新变种:紫聚伞霉星梗变种Sibirina purpurec var. asterophora, J. D.Chen, 8个新记录,其中1个新组合:星梗聚伞霉Sibirina astrophorea(de Hoog)J.D.Chen)。它们都是轮枝菌近似属。有4个是我国罕见属、种。对它们的培养性状、形态特征分别作详细描述,并列出寄主名称、分布地区、附图及照片。     

中国虫囊菌属分类的研究Ⅰ.

本文报道虫囊菌属(Laboulbenia)2个新种,中国新记录种及新记录变种各1个:海南虫囊菌(L.hainanensis Ye et Y.H.Shen sp.nov.)寄生于齿负泥虫[Lema eoromandeliana (Fabricius)],福建虫囊菌(L.fujianensis Ye sp.nov.)寄生于长唇步甲属(Dolichoctissp.),蠕形虫囊菌(L.vermiiormis Balazuc)寄生于锯缘步甲(Peripristus alter Cast.),瘤壳虫囊菌婆罗洲变种(L.thyreopteri Thaxt.var.borneensis Thaxt.)寄生于四斑长唇步甲[Dolichoctis tetraspilotus(Macheay)]。 本文所研究的全部标本都保存于广东省微生物研究所。     

湖南南部植物区系新资料

本文报道了湖南双子叶植物1个新记录属、2个新记录种以及1个新记录变种,即中华青牛胆 ［Tinospora sinensis (Loureiro) Merrill］、柳叶润楠(Machilus salicina Hance)、广西白背叶(Mallotus apelta var. kwangsiensis F. P. Metcalf)、赛葵 ［Malvastrum coromandelianum (Linnaeus) Garcke］,赛葵对应的赛葵属(Malvastrum A. Gray)为湖南植物新记录属。入侵植物赛葵可能会对当地的农业生产和生态造成破坏。     

Distichophyllum chenii B.C.Ho sp. nov. (Daltoniaceae) from Southeast China

Abstract

Despite the genus Distichophyllum having been revised recently for the Moss Flora of China, upon examination of a wide range of both Chinese and non-Chinese material a distinct new species was found among existing specimens collected from China. The new species, Distichophyllum chenii, is described based on specimens previously misidentified and reported as Distichophyllum cirratum var. cirratum. Published illustrations of D. cirratum var. cirratum based on a misidentified collection of D. collenchymatosum are highlighted to avoid further future taxonomic confusion.     

Eight new species of Hieracium sect. Tridentata (Asteraceae) from southern and northern Sweden

Eight new species of Hieracium sect. Tridentata, namely H. antrorsum, H. quercifolium, H. stenianum, H. vestrogothicum, and H. vetlandaënse are described from the Götaland region (southern Sweden), H. grothii from Norrbotten in the Norrland region (northeast Sweden), and H. sparsifolium var. suppansum Johanss. and H. adampliatum var. pilosius Ohlsén are raised to specific rank as H. suppansum and H. gothiciferum respectively.     

Karyotypes,heterochromatin distribution and rDNA patterns in South American Grindelia (Asteraceae)

Grindelia is a genus with a complex evolutionary history with reticulate evolution. We studied the karyotype, fluorescent banding, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 18–5.8–26 S and 5 S ribosomal DNA probes to survey karyotypic diversity of South American Grindelia species. Chromosome basic numbers were x = 6 (with several ploidy levels: 2x, 4x, and 6x). All the Grindelia studied conserved the patterns of CG-rich heterochromatin and 18-5.8-26 S rDNA. The third m sat-chromosome pair was homeologous in Grindelia. Chromosome variation, although not always large, accompanied the evolutionary divergence of the taxa studied. The Grindelia studied formed two species groups: (1) G. globularifolia and G. pulchella var. pulchella, (2) G. buphthalmoides, G. cabrerae var. alatocarpa and var. cabrerae, G. chiloensis, G. orientalis, and G. prostrata. These groups do not show any morphological affinities and their phylogenetic relationships are not clearly resolved, suggesting that these groups have recently diverged.     

Ligularia dalaolingensis sp. nov. (Asteraceae–Senecioneae) from central China

Ligularia dalaolingensis, a new species from Hubei and Hunan, China, is described and illustrated. It belongs to L. sect. Ligularia ser. Speciosae on the basis of its palmate leaf venation, racemose synflorescence and pappus which is slightly shorter than the tube of the tubular corolla. In the series, its closest relatives are assumed to be L. fischeri and L. stenocephala. From L. fischeri, L. dalaolingensis is readily distinguished by smaller basal leaves, shorter synflorescence, narrower involucres and fewer phyllaries and florets; from L. stenocephala, L. dalaolingensis differs by smaller basal leaves, shorter synflorescence as well as broader bracts. A diagnostic key to Chinese species of L. ser. Speciosae with broadly ovate, ovate or ovate‐lanceolate bracts is provided.     

Effect of climate change in lizards of the genus Xenosaurus (Xenosauridae) based on projected changes in climatic suitability and climatic niche conservatism

Accelerated climate change represents a major threat to the health of the planet's biodiversity. Particularly, lizards of the genus Xenosaurus might be negatively affected by this phenomenon because several of its species have restricted distributions, low vagility, and preference for low temperatures. No study, however, has examined the climatic niche of the species of this genus and how their distribution might be influenced by different climate change scenarios. In this project, we used a maximum entropy approach to model the climatic niche of 10 species of the genus Xenosaurus under present and future suitable habitat, considering a climatic niche conservatism context. Therefore, we performed a similarity analysis of the climatic niche between each species of the genus Xenosaurus. Our results suggest that a substantial decrease in suitable habitat for all species will occur by 2070. Among the most affected species, X. tzacualtipantecus will not have suitable conditions according to its climatic niche requirements and X. phalaroanthereon will lose 85.75% of its current suitable area. On the other hand, we found low values of conservatism of the climatic niche among species. Given the limited capacity of dispersion and the habitat specificity of these lizards, it seems unlikely that fast changes would occur in the distribution of these species facing climate change. The low conservatism in climatic niche we found in Xenosaurus suggests that these species might have the capacity to adapt to the new environmental conditions originated by climate change.     

湖南珍稀特有植物喜雨草的重新发现及补充描述

喜雨草,湖南珍稀特有植物,属唇形科单型属喜雨草属,自1918年8月韩马迪在湖南西南部武冈云山采到模式标本,并于1936年作为一个新属、新种发表后,其踪迹消失全无。该次报道为喜雨草被发现近100年后,在湖南宁远、通道、道县、新宁被重新发现。根据采集的标本和拍摄的照片,更正修改和补充了原形态描述,重新确定了该种花萼为3/2式,花冠颜色为白色。     

Host range ofFrankia endophytes

Summary Cross-inoculation experiments with 10 pure cultured strains and 17 host species were carried out. The 10 strains were isolated from the root nodules on actinorhizal trees ranging in 9 species, 5 genera and 4 families. The host species belong to 5 genera. The pure cultured strains fromAlnus are of strong ability to infect different species of the same genus. The seedlings inoculated with these strains are able to nodulate normally. These strains can also infect and nodulate the seedlings ofMyrica californica, but not the seedlings of Elaeagnus, Casuarina andMyrica rubra. The pure cultured strains from Elaeagnus can infect and nodulate the host species in the same genus and family with an exception ofE. viridis vardelavayi, which can be only poorly nodulated by a few strains from Elaeagnus. The strains from Elaeagnus cannot infect the seedlings of Alnus andMyrica rubra. The results presented here suggest thatFrankia endophytes can be divided into two groups: Alnus group and Elaeagnus group.     

Nervostroma, gen. nov. in the Sclerotiniaceae, the teleomorph of Cristulariella, and Hinomyces anam. gen. nov. to accommodate the anamorph of Grovesinia: reassessment of the genus Cristulariella

Taxonomy of the genus Cristulariella is revised, retaining Cristulariella (Crist.) depraedans as the type. Two new species, Crist. cercidiphylli and Crist. corni, are additionally described under the genus. The new anamorphic genus Hinomyces is erected to accommodate Botrytis (Cristulariella) moricola and Cristulariella pruni. A new genus and species, Nervostroma depraedans, is erected in the Sclerotiniaceae to accommodate the teleomorph of Crist. depraedans, with an additional species, Nervostroma cercidiphylli.