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1.
中国旧石器材料数量众多,表现出一定的地域特色,在世界旧石器考古学领域占有重要地位.研究表明,类型学在解读与提取石器所包含的人类技术行为信息方面的能力有较大的局限性,而且中国旧石器时代的一些石制品的形态和组合与欧洲和近东常常难以直接对比,对器物的分类定名也存在交流上的困难.由法国学者开创发展起来的史前石器技术研究理论和方法在分析形态特征的同时,通过关注支配石器工业生产体系的技术机制和逻辑规则,对深入细致地探讨史前人类的认知特征和技术行为可以发挥重要作用,也能为石器工业甚至跨地域文化之间的比较提供基础.本文对贵州观音洞遗址的石核标本为例进行了技术分析,说明其在研究中国旧石器材料上的可行性,特别是信息提取上的优势.  相似文献   

2.
细石叶技术是晚更新世晚期东北亚和西北美新的变革性剥坯技术和适应手段。北海道地区拥有丰富、多样的细石器遗存,相关材料最早可以追溯到距今约2.5万年前,持续了约1.2万年。以北海道具有明显技术复杂性和多样性特点的细石器为材料,学者们基于技术式\"阅读\"和拼合研究划分出一系列细石核工艺类型和剥坯技法;岛内以楔形细石核为代表的细石器工业传统在不断延续的同时,也表现出明显的阶段性变化,并在一定程度上显示出与气候环境变化较强的相关性。本文对北海道地区晚更新世末次盛冰期以来的气候、环境背景以及细石器的发现与研究历程进行介绍。在此基础上,厘清北海道细石核工艺类型的划分,并对细石器群的阶段性演变进行系统梳理,以期对我国相关研究有所裨益。  相似文献   

3.
泥河湾盆地旧石器文化研究新进展   总被引:14,自引:6,他引:8  
谢飞 《人类学学报》1991,10(4):324-332
泥河湾盆地旧石器文化异常丰富,在约1800平方公里范围内新发现各时期的旧石器文化遗址或地点三十余处,这些发现为该盆地旧石器文化研究提供了大批的科学资料。盆地内小石器文化传统贯穿始终,从早到晚旧石器有明显的继承性和发展性。到旧石器时代晚期,同时存在细石器技术传统的产品。  相似文献   

4.
李宣民 《人类学学报》1992,11(2):126-133
本文记述了桃花溪动物园地段整治工程发现的旧石器。这批标本发现于灰白色砂层中,石制品粗大,其性质与资阳B地点者相似。类似石器在附近已多处发现,其时代暂定为旧石器时代较晓阶段。  相似文献   

5.
本文记述了2004年采集自临安市5个地点的旧石器时代的石制品22件,其中1件出自下蜀土层中,其余均为脱层标本。石器中以厚石片为毛坯加工成器的比例明显高于西苕溪流域,应引起关注。出自下蜀土层的标本属于晚更新世晚期,有网纹印痕的标本可能归旧石器时代早期至中期,而没有网纹印痕的脱层标本的年代应不早于网纹红土的年代。  相似文献   

6.
程新民 《人类学学报》1988,7(3):286-286
前不久,长春地质学院师生在野外实习时,于长春市南郊红咀子发现一旧石器地点。在伊通河一级冲积阶地的下部,距地表三米深的砂层中发现猛犸象和东北野牛等哺乳动物化石。同层出土的还有石片一件,原料为水晶,呈铲形,其台面稍残,系后期破损,但半锥体和放射线清晰可见,其背面有多块浅平的石片疤,可以肯定是一件锤击石片,其边缘尚有细小的疤,可能是使用痕迹。
旧石器和猛玛象等哺乳动物化石一起出土, 表明其地质时代属晚更新世, 文化时代可能是旧石器时代晚期。此次发现为在该区寻找古人类和古文化遗存提供了线索, 对研究当地 第四纪古气候、古地理也有一定的意义。  相似文献   

7.
陈虹  沈辰 《人类学学报》2009,28(2):201-214
作为旧石器研究中十分重要的研究概念之一, 本文对\"操作链\"的发展史、理论内涵、实践方法等方面进行讨论, 认为\"操作链\"概念是一种动态的、综合的理论视角和研究体系, 强调了石器技术系统的两个行为过程(技术表现与思维运作)和一个互动关系(操作序列)。实践应用和术语对比, 为更好地运用\"操作链\"研究石器并复原史前技术体系提供了参考。文章还提出了\"操作链\"概念本身存在的问题, 希望能在今后的工作中得到完善。  相似文献   

8.
本文扼要介绍近年来日本旧石器早、中期考古的新发现,以及在年代学、文化分期、技术与类型学方面的研究工作的新进展。作者在此基础上探讨了日本旧石器中期向晚期的过渡,以及日本列岛旧石器早、中期文化与东北亚大陆同期文化的对比。  相似文献   

9.
山西万荣县荣河公社西桌子附近离石黄土中,与脊椎动物化石一起出土的旧石器有十余件,其地质时代为中更新世。  相似文献   

10.
辽东半岛旧石器研究可追溯至20世纪30年代, 但较大的进展则在70年代以后所取得。迄今为止, 包括以庙后山石器工业和营口金牛山人类化石为代表的旧石器早期、以海城小孤山下层石器工业为代表的旧石器中期和以海城小孤山中层石器工业、骨角制品和前阳人类化石为代表的旧石器晚期组成的辽东旧石器文化发展序列已经初步建立起来。从古生态环境和石器技术、类型学而言, 辽东半岛旧石器文化和华北同期文化存在密切的联系。  相似文献   

11.
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As a branch of prehistory and anthropology research, lithic technological study has been initiated in France since 1940s. Based on the concept \"chane opratoire\"some improved theoretical system and methods have been well established so far. According to many representative French researchers' work in this field, the authors divide the history of technological study in France into three phases of foundation, development and achievement in a brief review of sixty years. Among them the concept / cha ne op ratoire0 proposed by Andr LEROI-GOURHAN became the cornerstone of lithic technology study, then the two concepts / d bitage0 and / fa onnage0 have been defined and differentiated by Jacques TIXIER etc. in the second phase. They both further perfected the connotation of / cha ne op ratoire0. Then the concept / operational scheme0 presented and applied by Eric BO. DA in the last phase is an important symbol as a new method of study for discussing technological logic and rules of lithic production and for the study of lithic techno-function. Finally combining with the history and actual situation of Chinese Paleolithic research, the authors make a short discussion here about the possibility of how to apply the current French technological theory and methods to the Chinese materials.  相似文献   

12.
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With its rich artifact collections of the Paleolithic, archaeologists use a variety of methods to derive information on human technological behavior from this period. This article reviews the development of lithic analysis, including the birth and evolutionary process of lithic typology. As well the origin, problems and use of the cha?ne opératoire are also discussed. A techno-economical approach is also introduced. Author stress whatever macro-typology, cha?ne opératoire, microwear, residue analysis, is necessary to assess human behavior. Intergrating different methods in lithic analysis is the future direction..  相似文献   

13.
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Numerous prehistoric lithic industries have been unearthed in China, many of which have yielded quite different characteristics from those artifacts found in Europe and Africa. Past research has shown that typology itself is not very capable of decoding and interpreting technological behaviors of prehistoric humans. Moreover, the morphology and composition of stone assemblages are sometimes so different from those in Europe and the Near East that the problem of scientific dialogue among researchers in all of these regions remains for long time. In order to study more deeply the culture and behavior of prehistory French prehistorians have proposed and developed a new methodology called “lithic technological study ,” which focuses on analyzing the intra- and inter-cultural relationships between stone artifacts. This method enabled us to explore the specific techniques and rules that operate in a system of lithic production, which reveals the cognitive character and technological behavior used by prehistoric humans.<br>By applying the method of “lithic technological study”, this paper reflects a partial research result of the first authorπs dissertation on the stone assemblage of the Guanyindong site, Qianxi County, Guizhou Province. It focuses on a single platform core and shows how this “lithic technological study” can determine different series of de?bitage and the pattern of flake removal based on the negative characteristics left on the core. As part of this integral analysis , a comparison was made between the core’s reconstructed flake removals and those flakes unearthed from the site. The purpose of this work was to reconstruct as accurately as possible the core’s cha?ne ope?ratoire of manufacture/use. This study clearly reveals the feasibility of applying this method to Chinese prehistoric materials especially to stone artifacts.  相似文献   

14.
In the 1970s and 1980s, the emergence of the Acheulean at Melka Kunture (Upper Awash, Ethiopia) was dated to 1 Ma (million years ago), based on the typo-metrical analysis of the lithic assemblage of Garba XIIJ. Older sites such as Gombore I, Karre I, and Garba IV (1.7–1.5 Ma) were classified as Oldowan/Developed Oldowan. Consequently, the Oldowan and the Acheulean at Melka Kunture were interpreted as two distinct technologies separated by a chronological gap of 0.5 Ma.  相似文献   

15.
锐棱砸击技术被认为是旧石器时代中国特定地区的一种剥片技术;学术界对该种技术的产品识别特征存在一定争议。本文从石片台面、打击点、石片角和背腹面形态等方面;总结出一套识别锐棱砸击技术产品的标准;并根据这些标准对下寨遗址出土的该类产品作辨识和定量、定性分析。研究显示;锐棱砸击技术在旧石器时代以后仍被用作剥片和薄化磨制石器的毛坯;下寨遗址的相关产品应是该技术体系自旧石器时代晚期以来由南向北传播的结果。  相似文献   

16.
The use of volcanic rocks by Neanderthals is frequently considered to be opportunistic, especially when good-quality stones were rare in the site neighbourhood. An analysis of the lithic series made of volcanic rocks discovered in the Middle Palaeolithic sites of Payre and Sainte-Anne I, located in the south part and at the southeastern margin of the Massif Central of France and dated back to MIS 7 up until the end of MIS 5, illustrates the capacity of Neanderthals to manage these raw materials and enables us to compare the strategies used in two different mineral environments. Shaping and flaking reduction sequences coexist in both sites in varying proportions, depending on the available rocks in the surroundings. At Payre, artefacts made of volcanic rocks are rarer in surroundings rich in flint while at Sainte-Anne I, the different series comprise a large quantity of artefacts made of different basalts and trachy-phonolites in an environment relatively poor in flint. Most of the reduction processes took place in situ. Activities outside the sites only appear to have concerned the shaping of some heavy-duty tools and some large flakes. It is likely that volcanic rocks were considered by Neanderthals as a geo-resource, either major or lesser in importance, to provide large flakes and both heavy-duty and light-duty tools, besides flint quartz and other rocks.  相似文献   

17.
    
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18.
    
《Comptes Rendus Palevol》2019,18(3):367-389
The purpose of this article is to yield new insights into the topic of provisioning places of late Neanderthals using records from the central European Micoquian workshop Pietraszyn 49a, located in southwestern Poland. The site has been radiometrically dated back, using optically stimulated luminescence, to the final phase of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 or the beginning of MIS 3. The technological study, supported by numerous refits, shows that the main goals of manufacturing were shaped tools typologically corresponding to knives, handaxes, and bifacial scrapers. Considering the large variety of lithic raw materials and technical features, it can also be concluded that this assemblage resulted from the activity of at least several individuals. A microscopic investigation of use-wear traces indicates that this place was integrated within other elements of foraging zones, such as killing or butchering sites.  相似文献   

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