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1.
蓝狐消化道内分泌细胞的免疫组化研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
蓝狐又名北极狐(Alopex lagopus),属于食肉目(Carnivora),犬科(Canidae),北极狐属(Alopex).  相似文献   

2.
不同种源山桐子果实脂肪酸组成变异分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以采自11个种源的山桐子为材料,测定其果实脂肪酸的组成及其变异情况,结果表明:山桐子果实中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,尤以亚油酸含量最高,11个种源的平均值为63.58%,且种源间差异显著,分宜、宜昌种源亚油酸相对含量明显高于其他9个种源;饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主,11个种源山桐子果实棕榈酸差异显著,且以平武种源最高;其余脂肪酸含量均较低,变异幅度较大;种子中棕榈酸和棕榈烯酸含量明显高于果肉,而亚油酸、亚麻酸及硬脂酸含量明显低于果肉,油酸含量相近:果实不饱和脂肪酸含量依次为果肉〉全果〉种子,且变异系数及相对极差均较小,尤以果肉中最小;除硬脂酸外,山桐子果实中其他4种主要脂肪酸组分受海拔等地理环境的影响均较小。  相似文献   

3.
崇左金花茶花朵和叶片类黄酮UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以崇左金花茶(Camellia chuangtsoensis)为材料,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)联用技术定性定量分析其花朵(花瓣、雄蕊)和叶片(老叶、新叶)中类黄酮成分与含量。结果表明,崇左金花茶中共检测到14种类黄酮成分,木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷、槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷为山茶属金花茶组植物中首次发现,其中槲皮素-3,7-O-二葡萄糖苷、芸香柚皮苷、圣草素和染料木苷主要存在于花朵中,木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷和山柰酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷为金花茶组植物叶片中首次发现,其叶片中含量远低于花朵,老叶中远低于新叶,雄蕊中远低于花瓣;儿茶素和表儿茶素在花朵中含量高于叶片,雄蕊中高于花瓣;槲皮素和山萘酚在花朵和叶片中含量均较低。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中含量较高的类黄酮为儿茶素类、木犀草素类和槲皮素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷;叶片中为儿茶素类和木犀草素类,主要是表儿茶素、木犀草素和木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷。崇左金花茶花瓣和雄蕊中儿茶素类、木犀草素类及类黄酮总量均高于叶片,且雄蕊高于花瓣;花瓣和雄蕊中槲皮素类远高于叶片,且花瓣中远高于雄蕊。  相似文献   

4.
水稻胚囊发育过程中微管的变化   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)胚囊发育过程中微管变化的研究表明,微管在胚囊发育的不同阶段变化多样。在大孢子母细胞阶段微管分布主要呈辐射状,部分纵向排列。二分体和功能大孢子具类似的微管分布,而在单核胚囊微管主要是随机分布,部分呈辐射状。两核和四核胚囊的微管组成和分布非常相似,主要分布于细胞核周围。而八核胚囊的微管分布较为复杂,胚囊中的细胞做管分布各异,在卵细胞中呈随机分布,在助细胞中大多数呈纵向分布,而在中央细胞中呈横向分布,微管在反足细胞中非常分散,细胞质中有少量纵向排列的微管。  相似文献   

5.
用扫描电镜观察了豌豆根瘤的侵染细胞.结果表明,在这些细胞中有大量的细菌,它们主要是杆状细菌,其次是球形、Y形和T形细菌,其它形状的细菌很少.除了细菌形状不同外,还有一些细菌比较特殊,如有的细菌较长,菌体出现部分收缩并形成一个或一个以上的收缩环,其形状类似一条莲根;有的细菌很大,它的体积是普通细菌的2倍或2倍以上;有的细菌粗细不均匀,端部膨大,呈棒槌状.侵染细胞中有许多小泡,它们大小不同,呈球形.它们存于细菌之间,其中一些小泡还位于细菌的表面上,而且附近细菌的表面有时还有各种隆起.  相似文献   

6.
Various strategies for the use of 3-(N-maleimido-propionyl) biocytin (MPB) as a general label for distinguishing between protein sulfhydryls and disulfides on blot transfers are presented. In the first approach, endogenous SH groups in proteins were labeled directly with MPB. For disulfide staining, endogenous sulfhydryls were blocked with N-ethylmaleimide, disulfides were then reduced with mercaptoethanol, and the newly formed SH groups were labeled with MPB. In this approach, all treatments were performed in vitro, and, between steps, excess reagent was removed by dialysis. The MPB-labeled proteins were then separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (in the presence of mercaptoethanol), the labeled proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose, and the blotted proteins were detected by avidin-biotin technology. In the second approach, MPB treatment was performed directly on blot transfers. For SH labeling, proteins were subjected to SDS-PAGE in the absence of mercaptoethanol, thus retaining the status of endogenous sulfhydryl and disulfide groups. For S-S labeling, proteins were treated with N-ethylmaleimide in vitro and then subjected to SDS-PAGE in the presence of mercaptoethanol, such that endogenous sulfhydryls were blocked and endogenous disulfides were converted to SH groups. Subsequent treatments and washings were performed on blots. In the third approach, immobilized proteins (i.e., in artificial systems or in natural systems such as membrane preparations or intact cells) were treated essentially as described in the first approach, except that washings were carried out by centrifugation. In vitro treatments were performed before SDS-PAGE (carried out in the presence of mercaptoethanol) and subsequent blot transfer. The relative merits of the three strategies are discussed.  相似文献   

7.
Most first generation schizonts of Eimeria apsheronica developed in the jejunum; others were distributed throughout the small intestine and occasionally in the caecum. Some were also found in the mesenteric lymph nodes, which were oedematous and haemorrhagic. In the intestine, haemorrhage and congestion were seen before parasites were detected, and continued throughout all later stages. Schizonts occurred in the lamina propria and occasionally in the submucosa, where they sometimes caused a cellular inflammatory response. Schizonts were first seen at 8 days post-infection (DPI); they had poorly defined nuclei and were enclosed in a capsule-like wall. At 16 DPI, many had matured, had a mean size of 125 x 82 microns, and were filled with numerous spindle-shaped merozoites, which were in ranks and loops. At 18 and 20 DPI, when small white lesions (1-3 mm in diameter) were observed in the jejunum and elsewhere in the small intestine, a second generation of schizonts, macrogametes, microgametocytes and maturing oocysts were seen, in the epithelial cells of the small intestine and caecum. Their mean sizes, respectively, were: 26.2 x 18.9, 24.7 x 18.5, 30.2 x 21.7 and 26.6 x 19.3 microns. Macrogametes contained basophilic central and eosinophilic peripheral granules. The sexual stages were associated with a generalized cellular inflammatory response.  相似文献   

8.
从贵州省宽阔水自然保护区采集滇黔金腰、大叶金腰和锈毛金腰,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油,用气相色谱—质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,共鉴定出85种成分,主要为十六烷酸、烷烃类、肉豆蔻酸和叶绿醇等化合物。其中,在滇黔金腰中共鉴定出48种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(10.29%)和月桂酸(7.54%)等;在大叶金腰中共鉴定出50种化学成分,主要有邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯(10.91%)和二十七烷(7.29%)等;在锈毛金腰中共鉴定出58种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(12.66%)和三十二烷(8.15%)等。不同种金腰属植物挥发油的主要成分种类比较接近,但各自挥发油化合物组成又都含有其特有化学成分。  相似文献   

9.
Eimeria tenella sporozoites were inoculated into primary cultures of chick kidney cells. Cells fixed from 1 1/2 to 54 hr later were examined with the electron microscope. At 1 1/2 and 24 hr, most intracellular sporozoites were fusiform and retained organelles typical of extracellular sporozoites. However, at 35 hr, rounded trophozoites were present without these structures; only a refractile body, nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum remained. Binucleate parasites were also present at that time, but at 48 hr many multinucleate schizonts were present. Nuclei, with adjacent conoids, were at the periphery of these schizonts. Partly developed merozoites, each containing a conoid and a nucleus, protruded into the parasitophorous vacuole. At 54 hr, fully developed merozoites were separated from the residual body. Merozoites resembled sporozoites but lacked the large refractile bodies seen in sporozoites. Linear inclusions were present near the merozoite nucleus and in the residual body. Round vacuoles and ribosomes were also found in the residuum. Nucleoli were first seen in sporozoite nuclei at 1 1/2 hr. They were also present in merozoites but were more prominent in trophozoites and schizonts. Peripheral and scattered nuclear heterochromatins were prominent in intracellular sporozoites and diminished in trophozoites, but increased after several nuclear divisions and were again prominent in the merozoite. Small, distinct interchromatin granules were found in all stages. Intranuclear spindles, centrocones, and centrioles were found in connection with nuclear divisions. Ultrastructure of first-generation schizogony in cell culture was similar to that described for second-generation E. tenella in the chicken and to schizogony of other species of Eimeria.  相似文献   

10.
神农架大九湖湿地公园独具特色的高山湿地生态系统孕育了独具特色的动植物资源,但其两栖动物和爬行动物物种多样性尚未报道.为此,2016至2018年对该区域的两栖动物和爬行动物进行了调查.共记录两栖动物21种,隶属于2目8科.其中,东洋种17种,古北种1种,广布种3种;湖北省级保护动物12种;IUCN收录21种,其中棘腹蛙(...  相似文献   

11.
目的:研究多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选择2013年3月至2015年9月在我院确诊的肺结核合并肺癌患者32例和单纯肺结核患者39例应用多层螺旋CT扫描患者肺部病变情况。结果:肺结核合并肺癌组:陈旧性肺结核28例、活动性肺结核4例;病灶位置经典部位29例、非经典部位3例,合并鳞癌11例、腺癌13例、小细胞癌5例、未分化癌3例;10例结核病灶与肺癌病灶不同侧、13例结核病灶与肺癌病灶同侧不同叶、9例结核病灶于肺癌病灶同侧同叶。单纯性肺结核组胨旧性肺结核36例、活动性肺结核3例;病灶位置经典部位34例(上叶尖段11例、后段9例、下叶背段14例)、非经典部位5例。肺结核合并肺癌组患者分叶征、毛刺征、胸膜凹陷征、阻塞性肺炎及肺不张以及棘状突起比例高于单纯肺结核组,而空泡影比例低于单纯肺结核组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组钙化、斑片条索影、结节影以及空洞或空腔比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT对肺结核合并肺癌具有较高的临床鉴别诊断价值。  相似文献   

12.
A total of 585 repeat-breeder dairy cows was used to study the effect of GnRH treatment, either at or prior to insemination, on the pregnancy rate. The cows were divided into 6 treatment groups. Cows in Group 1 (n = 142) were observed in estrus, and 11 +/- 0.42 hours (mean +/- SEM) later they were given 100 ug, i.m. gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and were inseminated. Cows in Group 2 (n = 139) were observed in estrus and were inseminated 11.4 +/- 0.43 hours later. Cows in Group 3 (n = 33) were monitored for estrus with an activated heatmount detector but were not observed in estrus; they were inseminated 1.5 +/- 0.87 hours later and were given 100 ug, i.m. GnRH. Cows in Group 4 (n = 35) were not observed in estrus, but they did activate the heatmount detector and were inseminated 2.2 +/- 0.87 hours later. Cows in Group 5 (n = 107) were observed in estrus, given 100 ug, i.m. GnRH 2.0 +/- 0.40 hours later, and were inseminated 9 +/- 0.60 hours after GnRH treatment. Cows in Group 6 (n = 129) were observed in estrus and were inseminated 10 +/- 0.50 hours later. Pregnancy rates were analyzed by Chi-square. Interactions between pregnancy rate, treatment and time of insemination were evaluated using ANOVA and LSM (P < 0.05). There was no effect on pregnancy rate when GnRH was given at or prior to insemination. Cows inseminated on the basis of observed estrus had a higher pregnancy rate (P < 0.05) than cows inseminated on the observation of an activated heatmount detector. From the results of this study, it is concluded that treatment with GnRH at or prior to insemination did not improve the pregnancy rate of repeat-breeder dairy cows.  相似文献   

13.
Differentially regulated proteins within porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-derived conceptuses were compared with conceptuses that were derived from natural matings on day 14 of pregnancy. Proteins that were expressed prominently on day 14 were identified in SCNT-derived conceptuses using 2-D PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS. Sixty eight proteins were identified as being differentially regulated in the SCNT-derived conceptuses. Among these, 62 were down-regulated whereas the other six proteins were up-regulated. Glycolytic proteins, such as pyruvate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, were down-regulated in the SCNT-derived conceptuses whereas apoptosis-related genes as annexin V, Hsp60, and lamin A were up-regulated. Thus, apoptosis-related genes are expressed at significantly higher levels in the SCNT-derived conceptuses than in the control conceptuses, whereas metabolism-related genes are significantly reduced.  相似文献   

14.
The regional distribution and frequency of the pancreatic endocrine cells in the ddN mouse were studied using specific antisera against insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP). In the pancreatic islets, most of insulin-immunoreactive (IR) cells were located in the central region, and glucagon-, somatostatin and hPP-IR cells were located in the peripheral region regardless of the lobe. In the splenic part, glucagon-IR cells were also located in the central regions, and more numerous somatostatin-IR cells were detected in the central regions as compared with the duo-denal part. hPP-IR cells were restricted to the peripheral regions in both lobes but more numerous cells were detected in the duodenal portion. In the exocrine parenchyma of the splenic lobe, only insulin- and glucagon-IR cells were detected but all four kinds of IR cells were observed in the duodenal portion. In addition, insulin and hPP-IR cells were also demonstrated in the pancreatic duct regions. In conclusion, some strain-dependent characteristic distributional patterns of pancreatic endocrine cells were found in the ddN mouse with somewhat different distributional patterns between the two pancreatic lobes.  相似文献   

15.
艾滋病合并隐球菌感染17例尸检材料的临床病理学研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在151例艾滋病尸检材料中发现17例合并隐球菌感染,均经病理学确诊,患者男15名,女2名,平均43.6岁。12例发生脑膜炎、肺炎和淋巴结炎各7例,尚见脾(6例)、肾(5例)等器官受累。9例为播散性感染。病变为慢性肉牙肿性,其中见有隐球菌。本文描述隐球菌性脑膜炎、肺炎等临床病理学表现,并讨论其病变特征与病理诊断问题。  相似文献   

16.
Soil microfungi in three Swedish coniferous forests   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Microfungi were isolated with the soil washing technique from five different soil horizons in three podzolic coniferous forests in Sweden. Totally 126 species were identified of which 45 were found at two and 24 were found at three sites. The most common genera were Mortierella and Penicillium . Other genera isolated in high frequences were Oidiodendron, Tolypocladium, Trichoderma and Verticillium . Pronounced differences in species composition were found between the soil layers, while great similarities were shown in identical soil layers at different sites.  相似文献   

17.
S. Akai  M. Fukutomi  H. Kunoh 《Mycopathologia》1968,35(3-4):217-222
Summary The fine structure of conidia and hyphae ofErysiphe graminis hordei, attacking leaves of barley, were investigated. The cell walls of conidia and hyphae were relatively thin and consisted of two layers, the inner and outer layers. The surface of conidia was not smooth and the thickness of cell walls was irregular. A nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula and vacuoles in plasma were identified. The vacuoles in conidia were tightly packed with fine granules. Such granules in vacuoles, however, were not observed in hyphal cells.A lamellar structure was located in conidia, but not in hyphal cells. This structure may be specific in conidia of this fungus, but its function is not yet known. Many glycogen granules were observed in endoplasm of conidia, which were scattered or congregated in groups. In hyphae, however, they were extremely few. Hyphal septa were connected directly with the inner layer of cell walls. These had simple septal pore. The Woronin bodies were detected in the endoplasm in the vicinity of hyphal septa.Contribution No. 192.  相似文献   

18.
Systematic entomology flourished as a branch of Natural History from the 1750s to the end of the nineteenth century. During this interval, the “era of Heroic Entomology,” the majority of workers in the field were dedicated amateurs. This article traces the demographic and occupational shifts in entomology through this 150-year interval and into the early twentieth century. The survey is based on entomologists who studied beetles (Coleoptera), and who named sufficient numbers of species to have their own names abbreviated by subsequent taxonomists. In the eighteenth century, 27 entomologists achieved this level of prominence, of whom 37% were academics, 19% were doctors, 11% had private incomes, 19% were clergymen, and 8% were government officials. Many of those with private incomes were members of the European aristocracy, and all but one were European men. The nineteenth century list included 192 entomologists, of whom 17% were academics, 16% were museum curators, 2% were school teachers, 15% were doctors, 6% were military men, 7% were merchants, 2% were government entomologists, 6% had private incomes, 5% were clergymen, 5% were government officials, and 4% were lawyers. The demographics of entomology shifted dramatically in the nineteenth century. Whereas many of the noteworthy entomologists of the eighteenth century were German, Swedish, or French, in the nineteenth century, many more European countries are represented, and almost one-fifth of the noteworthy entomologists were from the United States. The nineteenth century list, like the eighteenth century list, contains no women. By the twentieth century, 63% of 178 noteworthy systematic entomologists were paid professionals, teaching entomology courses in universities, or studying insect taxonomy in museums and government-sponsored laboratories. Only one person on the twentieth century list had a private income, but women (ten individuals) were included on the list for the first time.  相似文献   

19.
The distribution and the frequency of occurrence of nine types of gut endocrine cells were revealed using immunohistochemical methods in eight portions from the gastrointestinal tract of the chicken (Gallus gallus var domestica). In the proventriculus, somatostatin- and gastrin-releasing polypeptide (GRP)-immunoreactive cells were commonly found. Serotonin-, pancreatic glucagon-, and enteroglucagon-immunoreactive cells were uncommon. Avian pancreatic polypeptide (APP)-immunoreactive cells were rare. In the gizzard, numerous GRP-, and a small number of somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed. The pyloric region was characterized by the presence of abundant gastrin-, somatostatin-, and neurotensin-immunoreactive cells. Numerous serotonin-immunoreactive cells were detected in all portions of the intestine. Moderate numbers of neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were detected in all portions of the intestine except for the cecum. A few gastrin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the duodenum and jejunum. A small number of pancreatic glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in the jejunum and ileum. Enteroglucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in the small intestine in increasing numbers forwards the ileum. Motilin-immunoreactive cells were rare in the small intestine.  相似文献   

20.
FLETCHER  J. 《Annals of botany》1973,37(5):955-961
In Thamnidium elegans Link, cytoplasmic vesicles of variablesize were present in large numbers in sporangiophore apicesin agar and in smaller numbers in sporangiophore apices in air.Golgi-like cisternae were associated with small, sub-apicalclusters of vesicles. Apices in agar contained a nucleus andmitochondrion-free tip zone in which vesicles were concentrated.This zone was almost completely absent from apices in air. Inswelling sporangia, vesicles were sparce and were not concentratedagainst the wall. Rates of surface area increase were similarfor sporangiophores elongating, respectively, in agar and inair. Rates of surface area increase during sporangium swellingwere equal to or greater than rates of surface area increaseduring sporangiophore elongation. Vesicles were associated withformation of a secondary wall layer in swollen sporangia. Paramuralbodies and multivesicular bodies were present at all stagesof sporangiophore elongation and sporangium swelling. Isolatedhalo bodies (apical corpuscles) were present in walls at sporangiophoretips, and clusters of similar bodies were present in side wallsof sporangiophores.  相似文献   

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