不同培养基和激素水平对大花蕙兰原球茎诱导的影响

以添加1.5%活性碳及3%的蔗糖的花宝1号和MS培养基为基础,加入不同浓度的BA和IBA,用外植体诱导的第1代组培苗基部以下连根1.1～1.2 cm为材料诱导原球茎.结果表明,花宝1号培养基优于MS培养基,BA1 mg/L IBA0.1 mg/L最合适,诱导率可达90.1%;光照以10 h/d左右为宜,培养温度以25～27℃最佳,其诱导率最高,生长状况最好.     

兰属"小金童"组织培养研究

兰属小金童(Cymbidium Golden elf. 'Sundust')茎尖组织培养研究表明:茎尖外植体在不添加植物生长调节剂的花宝1号培养基上诱导产生原球茎;原球茎在花宝1号3g/L + 6-BA 1.5mg/L的液体培养基上培养,能形成快速增殖的丛生原球茎;不同的培养方式对原球茎的增殖效果有显著差异;原球茎在不附加植物生长调节剂的1/2MS或花宝1号培养基上分化成无根小苗,然后在花宝1号+NAA 0.2mg/L+IBA 0.6mg/L培养基上诱导生根,进而再形成完整植株.     

兰属“小金童”组织培养研究

兰属小金童(Cymbidium Golden elf.‘Sundust’)茎尖组织培养研究表明:茎尖外植体在不添加植物生长调节剂的花宝1号培养基上诱导产生原球茎;原球茎在花宝1号3g/L 6-BA 1.5mg/L的液体培养基上培养,能形成快速增殖的丛生原球茎;不同的培养方式对原球茎的增殖效果有显著差异;原球茎在不附加植物生长调节剂的1/2MS或花宝1号培养基上分化成无根小苗,然后在花宝1号 NAA 0.2mg/L IBA 0.6mg/L培养基上诱导生根,进而再形成完整植株。     

白芨胚发育与种子萌发的关系

随着白芨胚龄增大,胚成熟度不断增加,有胚率和萌发率逐渐提高,种子萌发时间逐渐变短。胚龄为20周后采收最好,有胚率最高,萌发率为100%,萌发时间只需1周。种子萌发时胚先发育成原球茎,原球茎再分化出叶片和根系,形成完整的小植株;花宝一号1g/L+花宝二号2g/L+10%椰子汁培养基可促进种子萌发及幼苗生长,比常用的基本培养基加生长调节剂更简捷,幼苗生长健壮。     

文心兰试管苗分化及育苗技术研究

文心兰原球茎分化苗过渡驯化培养试验表明,改良1号+椰子汁100g/L的培养基有利于原球茎分化成苗,能促进分化苗生长健壮、整齐度好。壮苗与生根培养试验表明,以改良1号为基本培养基,加入香蕉泥100g/L、活性炭1g/L,在较强光照(2 000~3 000 lx)下培养,植株各项生长指标表现较好,有利于后期炼苗成活;以三角瓶为定瓶容器培养,植株接种效率最高、污染率最低;选取3cm高的植株定瓶,可显著提高文心兰工厂化组培育苗的工作效率。     

火焰兰杂交种的胚培养和离体快繁

1植物名称火焰兰杂交种(Renanthera CoCCinea×R.imschootiana). 2材料类别种子. 3培养条件种子萌发培养基:(1)VW;(2)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1;(3)KC;(4)KC 椰子乳100mL·L-1;(5)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1 活性炭2 g·L-1(6)1/2MS 椰子乳100 mL·L-1.叶片离体培养基:(7)VW 2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA 2.5 NAA0.2;(8)VW 2,4-D 2.0 6-BA 5.0 NAA 0.5.原球茎继代增殖:(9)花宝1号1.5 g·L-1 花宝2号1.5g·L-1 椰子乳100 mL·L1 6-BA 1.0 NAA 1.0;(10)VW 椰子乳100mL·L-1 6-BA 1.0 NAA 1.0.生根壮苗培养基:(11)花宝1号3 g·L-1 蛋白胨2 g·L-1 活性炭2 g·L-1 NAA 0.5 6-BA 0.2;(12)花宝1号1 g·L-1 花宝2号1 g·L-1 蛋白胨2 g·L-1 活性炭2g·L-1 NAA 0.5 6-BA 0.2.以上培养基均加1.5%蔗糖、0.6%琼脂,pH 5.2～5.4,培养温度(25±2)℃,光照度1 500～2000 lx,光照时间12 h·d-1.     

不同添加物对文心兰原球茎增殖及试管苗生长的影响

以文心兰切花品种‘南茜’原球茎(PLB)及试管苗为材料,在培养基MS＋6-BA 2 mg/L＋Ad 1 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L＋蔗糖30 g/L基础上,利用增殖系数及不同形态指标加权分析研究马铃薯、芋头、南瓜、香蕉及活性炭(AC)5种培养基添加物及其组合对‘南茜’PLB增殖及试管苗生长的影响。结果表明,适宜文心兰PLB增殖培养的添加物为马铃薯泥50 g/L,培养45 d后,PLB增殖系数是对照的3.64倍;适宜无菌小苗(约1.5 cm)增殖及生长的添加物为香蕉泥50 g/L＋AC 1 g/L,加权总分是对照的1.53 倍;适宜无菌中苗(约2.5 cm)增殖及生长的添加物为马铃薯泥25 g/L＋香蕉泥25 g/L,加权总分是对照的1.55倍。     

稀土元素( RENO3)对马哈利樱桃组培苗生长的影响

以马哈利樱桃茎段为实验材料,研究不同浓度硝酸稀土( RENO3)对其组培苗生长发育及生理作用的影响,结果表明:在马哈利樱桃茎段培养的分化培养基上添加不同浓度的RENO3(5 mg/L～20 mg/L),有利于芽分化和组培苗的生长,提高叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化物酶(POD)活性及叶绿素含量;其中RENO3浓...     

多花脆兰的离体快速繁殖

1 植物名称多花脆兰[Acampe rigida(Buch.-Ham.ex J.E.Smith)P.F.Hunt]. 2 材料类别种子. 3 培养条件种子萌发培养基:(1)MS;(2)1/2MS(大量元素用量减半);(3)KC[成份如下:MgSO4·7H2O 250 mg·L-1(单位下同);KH2PO425O;(NH4)2SO4 500; Ca(NO 3)2·2H2O 1 000 ;FeSO4·7H2O 25; MnSO4.4H2O 7.5;肌醇(C6H12O6)100;盐酸硫胺素(VB,)1; D-甘露糖醇12.7%];(4)1 g·L-1花宝1号(美国Haponex公司产品,N:P:K=7:16:9)+2 g.L-1花宝2号(美国Haponex公司产品,N:P:K=20:20:20);(5)MS+100 g·L-1香蕉汁;(6)1/2MS+100 g·L-1香蕉汁;(7)KC+100 g·L-1香蕉汁;(8)1 g·L-1花宝1号+2 g·L-1花宝2号+100g·L-1香蕉汁.原球茎增殖和分化成苗培养基:(9)1/2MS+6.BA 1.5+NAA 0.2+100 g·L-1香蕉汁;(10)1/2MS+6-BA 0.5+NAA 0.05+100 g·L-1香蕉汁;(11)1 g·L-1花宝1号+2 g·L-1花宝2号+6-BA 1.0+NAA0.5+100 g·L-1香蕉汁.     

春兰离体培养及植株再生(简报)

以春兰茎尖、腋芽为外植体,接种在1/2MS 6-BA 5.0mg/L NAA 0.5mg/L培养基上形成根状茎,根状茎在1/2MS 6-BA 0.2mg/L NAA 2.0mg/L 香蕉泥100g/L培养基上可大量增殖,并伸长生长形成丛生型根状茎;根状茎在MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L培养基上可分化成小苗,分化率达30.6%;小苗在1/2MS IBA 2.0mg/L 香蕉泥150g/L培养基上可生根壮苗,生根率达100%。     

蝴蝶兰试管分株快速繁殖研究

以蝴蝶兰无菌幼苗为外植体,在分株增殖培养基(1/2MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+CM20g/L)上培养30d后,形成幼小丛生植株;将此幼小植株移至生长培养基(1/2MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L)上,30d后便形成具3~4片叶与数条粗壮根的较大植株,移栽成活率达80%以上。     

Efficacy of Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome and Adhatoda vasica plant extracts, on red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae in Livistona rotundifolia

Queen palm, Livistona rotundifolia foliage contributes greatly in export industry. Red spider mite (RSM) (Tetranychus urticae) infests on the foliage and reduces its affordable market quality. T. urticae is found in dry environment and is one of the phytophagous mite belongs to family Tetranychidae. Different chemicals such as 80% sulphur + Diazinon @ (50g+12ml/10L) are recommended against red spider mite, but these have lesser effect on this tiny mite. Since these chemicals are not environment friendly, Green Farms Ltd., in Sri Lanka prefers to use biological agents for mite management. Extracts of Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome and Adhatoda vasica plant parts were studied separately causing mortality on T. urticae. Field experiments were conducted to study the efficacy of C. aruginosa extract for controlling RSM on L. rotundifolia leaves. Curcuma aruginosa was tested at concentrations of 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g/L and a control with equal amount of water. C aruginosa extracts of different concentrations were treated six times at five days interval on the palms separately. Living spider mites and eggs were pre-counted in marked leaves before applying C. aruginosa extracts. Next count was taken a day prior to next spraying. The result revealed that all the concentrations except 2 g/L were found to be effective compared to control. However there was no difference between the concentrations from 5 to 25 g/L. Hence C. aruginosa rhizome extract at its lowest concentration of 5 g/L is equally effective for the control of RSM on L. rotundifolia leaves. In another experiment extracts of Adhatoda vasica bark, leaves, and flower and water as control were applied thrice with three days interval. Pre treatment counting of living spider mites and eggs were taken in marked leaves. Post count was taken a day prior to next spraying. Third and forth counting were done after three days and four weeks from final spraying respectively. The results revealed that bark, flowers were found to be more effective compared to control. Flowers and bark were the best and hence there is no need of third sprayings as almost all the spider mites population were eradicated after second spraying. Flower extraction showed best performance until three months since final spraying. Flower and bark extracts showed higher acaricidal property and leaf showed moderate acaricidal property.     

木薯离体培养与快速繁殖

选取3个木薯品种的腋芽作为外植体,分别接种于MS基本培养基上进行离体培养及快速繁殖。结果表明, 6-BA不同浓度对木薯品种不定芽诱导效果不一,在MS+6-BA 0.5~1.0mg/L中,3个品种均可诱导产生幼芽;在MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L中,3个品种的幼芽诱导率高达100%;MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L对继代效果较好;MS+NAA 0.1mg/L对生根效果最佳。     

三种速生固氮树木屑栽培猴头菌的研究

以固氨树种银合欢、南洋楹、大叶相思的木屑为主料,添加棉籽壳等辅料培养猴头菌,以栲树木屑为主料作对照。结果表明,以三种固氨树木屑栽培的猴头菌,菌丝粗壮,均匀,日长速快于对照,增长5.4%~16.2%,而且出菇快,朵形大,产量比对照增加6.0~13.9%。添加南洋楹基质的菌丝长速最快,其次为添加银合欢基质。产量则以添加银合欢基质的最高,添加大叶相思的次之。     

The production of strawberry plants from callus cultures

Shoots were regenerated from callus of the commercially important strawberry varieties Bogota, Brighton, Cambridge Favourite, Hapil, Ostara, Rapella, Red Gauntlet and JILA33 which is a promising selection from a current breeding programme.The callus was initiated from explants of petiole or lamina of leaves of micropropagated shoots in vitro or of lamina or peduncle from greenhouse plants. There was more shoot regeneration with callus from lamina than from petiole although with the variety Hapil, regeneration occurred only with callus from peduncle.With seven of the varieties, shoot regeneration occurred on culture media with BAP and 2,4-D whilst with the remaining variety, Cambridge Favourite, it occurred only with medium which contained 1AA- alanine conjugate in place of 2,4-D.Regenerated shoots rooted readily and the plants produced are being studied for somaclonal variation.     

叶面喷施硒肥对3个葡萄品种果实产量、品质和硒含量的影响

以‘红芭拉蒂’、 ‘夏黑’、 ‘户太8号’3个葡萄品种为材料,研究叶面喷施有机硒肥对温室葡萄品质和硒含量的影响。结果表明: 在果实幼果期和膨大期,叶面喷施12 mg·L^-1氨基酸螯合态富硒叶面肥不仅能使葡萄果实产量和硒含量显著提高,还能显著提高各品种葡萄果实综合品质(可溶性糖、有机酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性固形物、Vc和原花青素等),但白藜芦醇未显著提高。各品种中,2017和2018年夏黑的硒含量较对照分别增加36.7%和37.1%,其增幅高于红芭拉蒂和户太8号;施硒组红芭拉蒂以高糖低酸的口感及高保健成分在品质综合比较中表现较优;2018年施硒的户太8号硒含量为53.26 μg·kg^-1,显著高于其他品种,硒富集能力较强。因此,夏黑硒含量增幅较大;红芭拉蒂在营养价值和品质上表现较优;户太8号适合富硒葡萄生产。     

铁皮石斛化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

采用硫酸-苯酚法、AlCl^₃比色法、酸性染料比色法测定铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale)花、叶、茎中多糖、黄酮、生物碱含量，通过DPPH和ABTS清除实验评价铁皮石斛花、叶、茎的水提物和乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明，铁皮石斛不同部位的多糖含量茎>花>叶，黄酮含量花>叶>茎，生物碱在各个部位分布均较少。其中茎的多糖含量可达23.92%，花中黄酮含量可达1.847%。抗氧化能力评价表明，铁皮石斛花水提物、茎醇提物、花醇提物的DPPH自由基清除能力相对较好，半效应浓度(EC₅₀)分别为410.4 μg·mL^-1、454.1 μg·mL^-1、573.2 μg·mL^-1；铁皮石斛茎醇提物、花醇提物、花水提物ABTS自由基清除能力相对较好，半效应浓度(EC₅₀)分别为61.1 μg·mL^-1、62.2 μg·mL^-1、103.0 μg·mL^-1。铁皮石斛花的提取物抗氧化活性整体优于叶和茎，醇提物抗氧化能力优于水提物。     

柑橘体细胞杂种砧木对脐橙幼树生长及根和叶中抗氧化酶系活性的影响

以体细胞杂种红橘 枳、红橘 粗柠檬和有性杂种Troyer枳橙、Swingle枳柚作砧木的脐橙二年生嫁接苗为试材,于盆栽条件下研究砧木对苗木生长及根和叶中抗氧化酶系活性影响的结果表明,红橘 枳的生长势和花量明显强于和大于其它砧木,红橘 粗柠檬的生长和花量表现介于两种有性杂种之间;砧木不影响叶片中可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性年动态变化特征.4、6、8月,叶中POD活性高低分别与各次新梢生长量和树冠体积(8月)大小呈负相关;12月,根系与叶片的SOD和POD活性分别呈正相关,根系可溶性蛋白含量和根系CAT活性呈正相关.     

菊花叶盘片转基因再生体系的优化选择

以菊花(Dendranthema morifolium)无菌苗叶片为外植体,在芽诱导培养基上直接诱导植株再生,优化选择菊花转基因再生体系.筛选出了能直接诱导芽再生的培养基(MS 6-BA3 mg·L-1 NAA 1 mg·L-1).茎段在有IBA和NAA的1/2MS培养基上诱导生根.生根的小苗在温室里生长良好.     

蚊净香草快速繁殖研究

以蚊净香草嫩叶和叶柄为外植体进行培养,筛选合适的外植体与诱导、增殖和生根的最佳培养基。结果表明,叶片外植体在MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L培养基最适于诱导愈伤组织和不定芽;MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.3mg/L培养基有利于不定芽增殖;无根苗在含有低浓度无机盐和生长素水平的生根培养基上易生根,生根率高达100%。