共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
A fed-batch process is used for the production of concentrated pure fructose syrup and ethanol from various glucose/fructose mixtures by S. cerevisiae ATCC 36859. Applying this technique, glucose-free fructose syrups with over 250 g/l of this sugar were obtained using High Fructose Corn Syrup and hydrolyzed Jerusalem artichoke juice. By encouraging ethanol evaporation from the reactor and condensing it, a separate ethanol product with a concentration of up to 350 g/l was also produced. The rates of glucose consumption and ethanol production were higher than in classical batch ethanol fermentation processes. 相似文献
3.
Corn syrups have been evaluated in media for embryogenesis, androgenesis and the production of secondary metabolites from plant tissue culture. In the systems examined, higher productivity was obtained with media containing corn syrups than with comparable media containing glucose or sucrose. Corn syrup did not increase growth of unorganized cell cultures. Increased productivity therefore reflects a syrup-mediated promotion of cell differentiation. The effects of corn syrup on increasing yields of secondary metabolites were evident only after several passages in syrup-containing medium. This shows the importance of monitoring production over several passages to determine the effect of different carbon sources on secondary metabolite production. Superiority of the syrup is due primarily to the component sugars maltose and glucose. Mixtures of these sugars gave higher yields of secondary products than either sugar used alone.Abbreviations DP
degree of polymerization 相似文献
4.
Maya P. Piddocke Stefan Kreisz Hans Peter Heldt-Hansen Kristian Fog Nielsen Lisbeth Olsson 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,84(3):453-464
High-gravity brewing, which can decrease production costs by increasing brewery yields, has become an attractive alternative
to traditional brewing methods. However, as higher sugar concentration is required, the yeast is exposed to various stresses
during fermentation. We evaluated the influence of high-gravity brewing on the fermentation performance of the brewer’s yeast
under model brewing conditions. The lager brewer’s strain Weihenstephan 34/70 strain was characterized at three different
gravities by adding either glucose or maltose syrups to the basic wort. We observed that increased gravity resulted in a lower
specific growth rate, a longer lag phase before initiation of ethanol production, incomplete sugar utilization, and an increase
in the concentrations of ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate in the final beer. Increasing the gravity by adding maltose syrup
as opposed to glucose syrup resulted in more balanced fermentation performance in terms of higher cell numbers, respectively,
higher wort fermentability and a more favorable flavor profile of the final beer. Our study underlines the effects of the
various stress factors on brewer’s yeast metabolism and the influence of the type of sugar syrups on the fermentation performance
and the flavor profile of the final beer. 相似文献
5.
Samples of a carbonated orange drink, raw materials, and intermediate products originating from 6 Iraqi bottling plants were examined. 69 drinks, 4 flavoured syrups and 19 simple syrups contained yeasts, whereas all samples from one plant and all samples of beverage base were free from viable yeasts. From the orange drink 2 species were isolated viz. Saccharomyces montanus and Torulopsis stellata. The following species were present in simple syrup: Hansenula anomala, Sacch. bisporus var. mellis, T. candida and T. stellata. Sacch. bisporus var. mellis was also isolated from flavoured syrup. Representative strains were submitted to routine growth tests at reduced oxygen tension, at reduced water activity and on solid soft-drink media containing various amounts of anti-microbially active benzoic acid at pH 3.0. The results are discussed and compared to those obtained in European soft drinks. 相似文献
6.
Mariateresa Ferone Alessia Ercole Francesca Raganati Giuseppe Olivieri Piero Salatino Antonio Marzocchella 《Biotechnology progress》2019,35(5):e2863
This study presents the production of succinic acid (SA) by Actinobacillus succinogenes using high-sugar-content beverages (HSCBs) as feedstock. The aim of this study was the valorization of a by-product stream from the beverage industry for the production of an important building block chemical, such as SA. Three types of commercial beverages were investigated: fruit juices (pineapple and ace), syrups (almond), and soft drinks (cola and lemon). They contained mainly glucose, fructose, and sucrose at high concentration—between 50 and 1,000 g/L. The batch fermentation tests highlighted that A. succinogenes was able to grow on HSCBs supplemented with yeast extract, but also on the unsupplemented fruit juices. Indeed, the bacteria did not grow on the unsupplemented syrup and soft drinks because of the lack of indispensable nutrients. About 30–40 g/L of SA were obtained, depending on the type of HSCB, with yield ranging between 0.75 and 1.00 gSA/gS. The prehydrolysis step improved the fermentation performance: SA production was improved by 6–24%, depending on the HSCB, and sugar conversion was improved of about 30–50%. 相似文献
7.
The production of enriched fructose syrups and ethanol from beet molasses using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 36858 was studied. In batch experiments with a total sugar concentration between 94.9 and 312.4 g/L, the fructose yield was above 93% of the theoretical value. The ethanol yield and volumetric productivity in the beet molasses media with sugar concentration below 276.2 g/L were in the range of 59-76% of theoretical value and between 0.48 and 2.97 g of ethanol/(L x h), respectively. The fructose fraction in the carbohydrates content of the produced syrups was more than 95% when the total initial sugar concentration in the medium was below 242.0 g/L. Some oligosaccharides and glycerol were also produced in all tested media. Raffinose and the produced oligosaccharides were completely consumed by the end of the fermentation process when the total initial sugar concentration was below 190.1 g/L. The glycerol concentration was below 16.1 g/L. The results could be useful for a potential industrial production of ethanol and high-fructose syrup from sugar beet molasses. 相似文献
8.
A. A. Pristavka V. P. Salovarova G. Zacchi I. V. Berezin M. L. Rabinovich 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2000,36(3):237-244
In order to reduce the total enzyme consumption in high-solids static hydrolysis of nonwashed steam-exploded willowSalix caprea by mixed cellulase ofTrichoderma reesei + Aspergillus foetidus, two different approaches were proposed. In the first case, the enzyme activity adsorbed on residual solids after extended
hydrolysis was used for hydrolysis of the newly added substrate. The initial mixing of fresh and hydrolyzed substrates was
sufficient for the adsorbed enzyme redistribution and conversion of the new substrate portion, and constant mechanical stirring
was not required. Feeding of two additional portions of the exploded hardwood adjusted to pH 4 with dry caustic into the reactor
with simultaneous replacement of accumulated sugars with fresh buffer (pH 4.5) resulted, on average, in a 90% conversion of
cellulose at the final enzyme loading of 8 IFPU per g ODM substrate, an average sugar concentration of 12%, and a glucose/xylose
ratio of 5 : 1. In the second approach, weakly adsorbed cellulase fractions were used for static high-solids hydrolysis followed
by their ultrafiltration recovery from the resultant sugar syrup. In contrast to the initial cellulase mixture whose residual
activity in a syrup did not exceed 5–10% at the end of hydrolysis (48 h), up to 60% of weakly adsorbed enzyme fraction could
be separated from sugar syrups by ultrafiltration and then reused. Weakly adsorbed enzymes displayed a hydrolysis efficiency
of not less than 80% per IFPU enzyme consumed in extended hydrolysis of pretreated willow as compared to the original enzyme
mixture. An electrophoretic study of the weakly adsorbed enzyme fraction identifiedT. reesei cellobiohydrolase II as the predominant component, whereas clear domination ofT. reesei cellobiohydrolase I was found by electrophoresis of proteins tightly bound to residual hydrolysis solids.
Deceased 相似文献
9.
Fermentability of corn syrups with different dextrose equivalents added to various grape juices
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Applied microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
It was found that neither the enzymes of the grapes nor those of wine yeast Saccharomyces ellipsoideus strain 223 attacked the higher polysaccharides present in corn syrups. The alcohol yield of the corn syrups approached but did not quite reach theoretical assuming that all of the dextrose equivalent (DE) solids were fermented. Glucose, sucrose, and 95 DE corn syrup fermented at about the same rate and yielded comparable alcohol contents. At equal solids content, the 42 DE syrup fermented slower in most cases and yielded lower alcohol content than higher DE syrups. 相似文献
10.
The fermentation of sugar beet juice as well as juice syrup medium by Zymomonas mobilis inoculum attached to stainless steel wire spheres was investigated. A semi‐synthetic sucrose medium enriched with mineral salts and yeast extract was used as the control. It was established that raw sugar beet juice ensured good Zymomonas mobilis culture growth and slightly decreased ethanol synthesis applying both flame‐burned and TiCl4‐treated wire spheres as carriers (Qx = 0.05—0.06 g/l × h; Qeth = 1.02—1.22 g/l × h). High ethanol yield was also observed in juice medium (Y = 0.45‐0.46 g/g), however, levan synthesis with this medium decreased. The application of juice syrup brought about less growth effect and ethanol synthesis as compared to juice medium. The use of semi‐synthetic sucrose medium resulted in high levan production (Qlev = 0.6—0.7 g/l × h), however, reduced ethanol production by 40%. In conclusion, sugar beet juice or syrup is recommendable for the preparation of Zymomonas mobilis inoculum. The levan production stage has to be realized using an optimized semi‐synthetic sucrose medium. The installed wire spheres filled with inocula provided the possibility for a repeated batch fermentation process, which could be recommended for both juice and semi‐synthetic sucrose medium fermentation. 相似文献
11.
Rachad M. Shoucri Jacques R. Rouleau John G. Kingma Jr Jean G. Dumesnil Gilles R. Dagenais 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1989,51(4):475-484
There is still controversy as to which characteristics of the pressure-volume relation should be used to define myocardial
contractility. In the present study a mathematical model for the left ventricle as a two-dimensional cylinder contracting
radially and symmetrically was used to establish a relation between a calculated intramyocardial pressure (Dh) and theP-V relation (PVR) at end-systole. Four new indices are introduced that allow a better assessment of change in inotropic state
of the myocardium, namely the calculated intramyocardial pressure (Dh), the calculated resultant pressure across the inner surface of the myocardium (Dh-P) (P=cavity pressure), the workW
t related to the pressure (Dh) and the workW
d related to the pressure (Dh-P). A relation betweenW
t andW
d and different parts of the area under the PVR is established. Indices derived in this manner from the PVR to study changes
in myocardial contractility appear to have a clear physical meaning. 相似文献
12.
Ana Mendes Pedro Guerra Vânia Madeira Francisco Ruano Teresa Lopes da Silva Alberto Reis 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2007,23(9):1209-1215
In this work, carob pulp syrup was used as carbon source in C. cohnii fermentations for docosahexaenoic acid production. In preliminary experiments different carob pulp dilutions supplemented
with sea salt were tested. The highest biomass productivity (4 mg/lh) and specific growth rate (0.04/h) were observed at the
highest carob pulp dilution (1:10.5 (v/v), corresponding to 8.8 g/l glucose). Ammonium chloride and yeast extract were tested
as nitrogen sources using different carob pulp syrup dilutions, supplemented with sea salt as growth medium. The best results
were observed for yeast extract as nitrogen source. A C. cohnii fed-batch fermentation was carried out using diluted carob pulp syrup (1:10.5 v/v) supplemented with yeast extract and sea
salt. The biomass productivity was 420 mg/lh, and the specific growth rate 0.05/h. Under these conditions the DHA concentration
and DHA production volumetric rate attained 1.9 g/l and 18.5 mg/lh respectively after 100.4 h. The easy, clean and safe handling
of carob pulp syrup makes this feedstock a promising carbon source for large-scale DHA production from C. cohnii. In this way, this carob industry by-product could be usefully disposed of through microbial production of a high value fermentation
product. 相似文献
13.
Hemicellulose residues can be hydrolyzed into a sugar syrup using dilute mineral acids. Although this syrup represents a potential feedstock for biofuel production, toxic compounds generated during hydrolysis limit microbial metabolism. Escherichia coli LY01, an ethanologenic biocatalyst engineered to ferment the mixed sugars in hemicellulose syrups, has been tested for resistance to selected organic acids that are present in hemicellulose hydrolysates. Compounds tested include aromatic acids derived from lignin (ferulic, gallic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, and vanillic acids), acetic acid from the hydrolysis of acetylxylan, and others derived from sugar destruction (furoic, formic, levulinic, and caproic acids). Toxicity was related to hydrophobicity. Combinations of acids were roughly additive as inhibitors of cell growth. When tested at concentrations that inhibited growth by 80%, none appeared to strongly inhibit glycolysis and energy generation, or to disrupt membrane integrity. Toxicity was not markedly affected by inoculum size or incubation temperature. The toxicity of all acids except gallic acid was reduced by an increase in initial pH (from pH 6.0 to pH 7.0 to pH 8.0). Together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that both aliphatic and mononuclear organic acids inhibit growth and ethanol production in LY01 by collapsing ion gradients and increasing internal anion concentrations. 相似文献
14.
The effect of various physico-chemical factors on production of intra- and extracellular phospholipase A1 bySalmonella newport was investigated. Maximum intracellular enzyme levels were observed when cells were grown in brain heart infusion broth,
after 12 h of incubation at 37°C. Highest level of extracellular phospholipase A1, however, was seen in synthetic medium (pH 7.0) after 24 h of incubation at 37°C. Agitation during incubation had no effect
on the intracellular enzyme synthesis but enhanced extracellular enzyme levels. Addition of surfactants to the growth media
significantly decreased both intra- and extracellular phospholipase A1 production. 相似文献
15.
A process for the utilization of modified whey syrups in wine alcohol fermentations is described. Palatable wines containing 10–12.5% alcohol were produced when various strains of S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus were fermented with hydrolyzed whey permeate syrups and grape juice concentrates. Experimental control of final alcohol and residual sugar levels in the wines by various chaptalization techniques is discussed. The possibility of utilizing this process in areas where both whey and grapes are abundant is mentioned. 相似文献
16.
Urszula Tylewicz Valentina Panarese Luca Laghi Pietro Rocculi Ma?gorzata Nowacka Giuseppe Placucci Marco Dalla Rosa 《Food biophysics》2011,6(2):327-333
This study investigated mass transfer and water state changes promoted by osmotic dehydration on two kiwifruit species, Actinidia deliciosa and Actinidia chinensis. Osmotic treatment was performed in a 61.5% w/v sucrose solution at three different temperatures (25, 35 and 45 °C), with treatment time from 0 to 300 min. Treatment time
positively influenced kiwifruit water loss and solid gain while temperature significantly affected only water loss. Peleg’s
model highlighted that the main response differences between the two species occurred during the initial phase of the osmotic
treatment. Thermal properties and relaxation time measurements offered a complementary view concerning the effects of osmotic
dehydration on kiwifruit. DSC parameters appeared to be sensitive to water and solid exchange between fruit and osmotic solution.
LF-NMR proton T2 revealed the consequences of the water–solid exchange on the cell compartments, namely vacuole, cytoplasm plus extracellular
space and cell wall. During the osmotic treatment, the initial freezing temperature and the freezable water content decrease
was dependent on time and treatment temperature, showing a similar tendency for both the kiwifruit species. They evidenced
the same treatment response also concerning the reduction of vacuole and the increase of cytoplasm plus extracellular space
T2 values. 相似文献
17.
Decolorization of sugar syrups using commercial and sugar beet pulp based activated carbons 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sugar syrup decolorization was studied using two commercial and eight beet pulp based activated carbons. In an attempt to relate decolorizing performances to other characteristics, surface areas, pore volumes, bulk densities and ash contents of the carbons in the powdered form; pH and electrical conductivities of their suspensions and their color adsorption properties from iodine and molasses solution were determined. The color removal capabilities of all carbons were measured at 1/100 (w/w) dosage, and isotherms were determined on better samples. The two commercial activated carbons showed different decolorization efficiencies; which could be related to their physical and chemical properties. The decolorization efficiency of beet pulp carbon prepared at 750 degrees C and activated for 5h using CO2 was much better than the others and close to the better one of the commercial activated carbons used. It is evident that beet pulp is an inexpensive potential precursor for activated carbons for use in sugar refining. 相似文献
18.
The purpose of this research was to study the possibility of the production of ethanol and enriched fructose syrups from sugar cane molasses using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 36858. In batch experiments with a total sugar concentration of between 96.7 g/l and 323.5 g/l, the fructose yield was above 90% of the theoretical value. The ethanol yield and volumetric productivity were in the range of 66% and 77% of the theoretical value, and between 0.53 g ethanol/l × h and 3.15 g ethanol/l × h, respectively. The fructose fraction in the carbohydrates content of the produced syrups was more than 95% when the total initial sugar concentration in the medium was below 273.8 g/l. Some oligosaccharides and glycerol were also produced in all tested media. The maximum amount of produced oligosaccharides including raffinose accounted for 13.4 g/l in the cane molasses medium with 323.5 g/l sugars in the initial phase of the fermentation process. The oligosaccharides produced and raffinose were completely consumed by the end of the fermentation process when the total initial sugar concentration was less than 191.3 g/l. The glycerol concentration was below 9.9 g/l. These findings are useful in the production of ethanol and high fructose syrups using sugar cane molasses. 相似文献
19.
《Archives of animal nutrition》2013,67(6):460-476
The aim of the present study was to examine the biochemical influence of feeding high dietary fibre (DF) diets formulated from by-products from the vegetable and agricultural industries to sows during early to mid-gestation. The effect of feeding frequency (once vs. twice daily) on diurnal plasma metabolites patterns was also examined. The study included a total of 48 gestating sows from four blocks (12 gestating sows in each block). The sows were fed four different diets containing varying levels of starch (304–519 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and DF (171–404 g/kg DM) but with equal amounts of net energy. The low-DF diet (control) was based on barley and wheat, and the three high-DF diets formulated by replacing barley and wheat by pectin residue, sugar beet pulp and potato pulp, respectively. The experimental design comprised two periods of 4 weeks each. Half the sows were fed once daily at 08:00 h in the first period and twice daily at 08:00 and 15:00 h during the second period, and vice versa for the other half of the sows. Plasma samples from vena jugularis were collected by venipuncture at 07:00, 09:00, 12:00 and 19:00 h. Feeding high-DF increased plasma short-chain fatty acids (p = 0.02) and non-esterified fatty acids (p < 0.001). However, there was no clear effect of DF on glucose and insulin responses. A negative correlation between amount of DF in the diets and plasma creatine (R 2 = 1.00; diet effect: p = 0.02) suggested that plasma creatine concentrations was an indicator for the level of glucose–glycogen interchange. Furthermore, an explorative approach using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabonomics identified betaine (p < 0.001), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2; p < 0.001) and scyllo-inositol (p < 0.001) as biomarkers for the different by-products; pectin residue was related to high plasma levels of DMSO2, sugar beet pulp to plasma betaine, DMSO2 and scyllo-inositol, and potato pulp to plasma DMSO2 and scyllo-inositol. In conclusion, replacing starch by DF affected surprisingly few metabolites in peripheral plasma. No negative effects were found in feeding pectin residue, sugar beet pulp or potato pulp for gestating sows as judged from the minor metabolic changes. 相似文献
20.
Effects of Temperature, Water Activity, and Syrup Film Composition on the Growth of Wallemia sebi: Development and Assessment of a Model Predicting Growth Lags in Syrup Agar and Crystalline Sugar
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Applied microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
We investigated the effects of temperature, water activity (aw), and syrup film composition on the CFU growth of Wallemia sebi in crystalline sugar. At a high aw (0.82) at both high (20°C) and low (10°C) temperatures, the CFU growth of W. sebi in both white and extrawhite sugar could be described using a modified Gompertz model. At a low aw (0.76), however, the modified Gompertz model could not be fitted to the CFU data obtained with the two sugars due to long CFU growth lags and low maximum specific CFU growth rates of W. sebi at 20°C and due to the fact that growth did not occur at 10°C. At an aw of 0.82, regardless of the temperature, the carrying capacity (i.e., the cell concentration at t = ∞) of extrawhite sugar was lower than that of white sugar. Together with the fact that the syrup film of extrawhite sugar contained less amino-nitrogen relative to other macronutrients than the syrup film of white sugar, these results suggest that CFU growth of W. sebi in extrawhite sugar may be nitrogen limited. We developed a secondary growth model which is able to predict colony growth lags of W. sebi on syrup agar as a function of temperature and aw. The ability of this model to predict CFU growth lags of W. sebi in crystalline sugar was assessed. 相似文献