An integrated ecological floating-bed employing plant,freshwater clam and biofilm carrier for purification of eutrophic water

Planted floating-beds can be used for treating eutrophic water in a simple and cost-effective manner, the performance of which is, however, unavoidably restricted by the growth rate and limited stand biomass of the plant. A novel approach is reported here to enhance the performance of traditional planted floating-bed by introduction of filter-feeding bivalve and biofilm carrier. The objective of the present study was to prove that the co-existence of the three key components of the ecological floating-bed is necessary for the integrated ecological floating-bed (IEFB) and for the evaluation of the influence of the water exchange period on the water purification efficacy of IEFB. The mesocosm experiments were carried out at the shore of Meiliang Bay, north part of Lake Taihu, China. The IEFB concurrently employing plant (Ipomoea aquatica), freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) and biofilm carrier (an artificial semi-soft assembly medium) performed better than the other two kinds of floating-beds, one of which was constructed with freshwater clams and biofilm carrier, while the other one consisted of plant and biofilm carrier. Moreover, percentage reductions of pollutants increased with extended water exchange period. With a water exchange period of 7 d, the removal efficiencies of IEFB for total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total microcystin-LR and extracellular microcystin-LR were 52.7%, 33.7%, 54.5%, 49.2%, 80.2%, 77.4% and 68.0%, respectively.     

浮床空心菜对氮循环细菌数量与分布和氮素净化效果的影响

通过在塑料水箱中水培空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica),研究浮床空心菜对氮循环细菌数量、分布和氮素净化效果的影响。研究结果表明,浮床空心菜氮循环细菌总数、氨化菌、亚硝化菌、硝化菌数量极显著高于空白对照(P<0.01),浮床空心菜反硝化菌数量与空白对照差异不显著(P>0.05);氨化菌在根内、根面、水体中的分布差异不大,亚硝化菌主要分布在根内和根面,硝化菌主要分布在根面,反硝化菌主要分布在水体中;试验结束时,浮床空心菜系统和空白对照对氨氮的去除率分别为91.8%和88.5%,对总氮的去除率分别为48.2%和62.1%。通过浮床空心菜各种氮循环细菌数量、分布与氮素浓度的相关性分析,发现浮床空心菜系统中氮素的去除是植物吸收,根系表面的氨化作用,以及水体中硝化、反硝化共同作用的结果,而空白对照系统中氮素的主要去除途径是微生物的硝化/反硝化作用以及氨挥发。     

稻作系统对淡水养殖池塘富营养化的修复效应及应用前景

养殖池塘富营养化是目前制约我国淡水养殖业可持续发展的关键因素。稻作系统具有显著的净化水质能力,如何将稻作系统和淡水养殖系统进行生态耦合实现氮、磷养分的循环利用,是淡水养殖池塘富营养化生态修复的一个重要研究方向。通过文献调研和实地考察,综合分析了浮床种稻-原位修复、稻田湿地-异位修复、稻鱼生态种养3种耦合方式对养殖池塘富营养化的修复效应,以及氮、磷养分综合利用效率,归纳总结了不同模式的技术特点以及应用中存在的问题,并就修复技术研究和生态补偿提出了培育生态修复专用水稻品种,加强稻作系统生态修复理论研究和技术推广,建立养殖池塘富营养化修复的生态补偿机制等建议。     

Comparative analysis of growth and physio-biochemical responses of Hydrilla verticillata to different sediments in freshwater microcosms

The long-term effect of Hydrilla verticillata to different dredged sediments was investigated in laboratory aquatic microcosms. Two kinds of lake sediments, i.e., fertile sludge and brown clay, which were acquired by deep or slight dredging and differed in their nutrients levels and particle sizes, were used as growth substrate. One year after H. verticillata seedlings were transplanted into the microcosms, growth and physio-biochemical characters of the plants were estimated. In our study, sludge sediment eventually promoted the increase of the biomass, shoot length, bifurcation, nitrogen, phosphorus, soluble protein content of H. verticillata, but not root number and root mass ratio. Additionally, the soluble sugar content was significantly lower in summer (August) in the sludge sediment. Sediment nutrients also increased photosynthetic pigment content, while POD and SOD activities were not affected. The fertile sludge and brown clay formed by different dredging are quite different, but both sediments could meet the requirement of H. verticillata during early growth stage. The fertile sediment after moderate dredge-up fit the growth of H. verticillata. The brown clay formed after excessive dredging showed a lack of nutrients and therefore led to the weak growth of the aquatic plants. It is concluded that moderate dredging was suitable for H. verticillata growth and for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic fresh water. The experiment also suggested that submersed aquatic plant restoration in freshwater can be promoted by human assistance.     

On the nitrogen and phosphorus removal in algal photobioreactors

This study shows results of nitrogen and phosphorus removal by microalgae (tertiary treatment) in a prototype of tubular photobioreactor tested under controlled and uncontrolled conditions. The wastewater was the supernatant coming from a secondary settler of a municipal wastewater activated sludge treatment plant without nitrification and denitrification units. The algal biomass was directly selected from the supernatant and it was principally composed of genus Scenedesmus (autochthonous algae). All the experiments evaluated both nitrogen and phosphorus removal and biomass and lipid production. A satisfactory nutrients removal - about 99.9% for the nitrogen and phosphorus - and a specific biomass productivity of 0.25 g/l d have been obtained in the indoor photobioreactor; less satisfactory results have been reached in the outdoor photobioreactor because of ambient condition instability and limiting nutrients concentration.     

Habitat characteristics of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) and their relationships with sweet flag biomass

The habitat characteristics of Acorus calamus were investigated to obtain data and define criteria that can be applied to restoration, conservation, and management. The investigation was conducted in March, June, and September to span the growth period of A. calamus. While the importance of A. calamus decreased over time, the diversity index (H′) of A. calamus communities increased in June and then decreased in September. Water levels in A. calamus habitats were lowest in March. About two-thirds of the A. calamus communities (68.4%) were found in sandy loam. Although the optimal environmental ranges of the water and soil characteristics for A. calamus changed according to growth stage, the environmental conditions in March were important for seed germination and seedling establishment. The aboveground biomass of A. calamus was 20.4 in March, 349.3 in June, and 267.0 g/m² in September. We also clarified the environmental characteristics of the water and soil at which the aboveground biomass during the growing and senescing seasons peaked. Based on our data, we were able to propose the following guidelines for wetland creation and restoration. (1) To facilitate the seed germination and seedling establishment of A. calamus, managers should seek to achieve conditions that approximate the optimal environment in March. (2) To optimize the growth of A. calamus, the soil pH should be maintained at neutral and the permeability to air should be enhanced. (3) To extend the longevity of A. calamus leaves, the habitat should be managed so as to limit the survival of other species with overlapping niches, and the water depth should be maintained at around 24 cm. Also, the supply of nitrogen components to the soil should not be excessive.     

Treatment and phosphorus removal from high-concentration organic wastewater by the yeast Hansenula anomala J224 PAWA

A flocculent yeast, Hansenula anomala J224 PAWA, bred in this study, accumulated twice as much phosphorus as the wild type. Over a 30-d period, PAWA removed 70–80% of dissolved total phosphorus from sweet-potato and barley shochu wastewaters (alcoholic distillery wastewaters) while the wild type removed only 30%. Waste sludge was easily separated from effluent wastewater because PAWA cells made large flocks that rapidly settled. Component analysis suggested that PAWA sludge could be used as a protein source for feedstuff and as a phosphorus source for fertilizer. Under anaerobic conditions, denitrification was rapid, resulting in the removal of large amounts of nitrogen from barley shochu wastewater. These results suggest that small shochu manufacturers could benefit from using PAWA to remove phosphorus and organic compounds and then by using a combination of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket and the downflow hanging sponge method (UASB-DHS method) for nitrification/denitrification.     

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants Removal from Rice Field Drainage with Ecological Agriculture Ditch: A Field Case

Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural drainage can cause a series of water environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and non-point source pollution. By monitoring the water purification effect of a paddy ditch wetland in Gaochun, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of N and P pollutants in paddy drains during the whole reproductive period of rice. Then, the dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus in time and space during the two processes of rainfall after basal fertilization and topdressing were analyzed after comparison. At last, the effect of the ditch wetland on nutrient purification and treatment mechanism, along with changing flow and concentration in paddy drains, was clarified. The results of this study showed that the concentrations of various nitrogen and phosphorus in the ditch basically reached the peak on the second and third days after the rainfall (5.98 mg/L for TN and 0.21 mg/L for TP), which provided a response time for effective control of nitrogen and phosphorus loss. The drainage can be purified by the ecological ditch, about 89.61%, 89.03%, 89.61%, 98.14%, and 79.05% of TN, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃⁻-N, NO₂⁻-N, and TP decline. It is more effective than natural ditches for water purification with 80.59%, 40%, 12.07%, 91.06% and 18.42% removal rates, respectively. The results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and improving the water environment of rivers and lakes scientifically.     

Simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal from nutrient-rich industrial wastewater using granular sludge

The biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from nutrient-rich abattoir wastewater using granular sludge has been investigated. A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor, seeded with granular sludge developed using synthetic wastewater, was operated for 13 months under alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions. It is demonstrated that the granules could be sustained and indeed further developed with the use of abattoir wastewater. The organic, nitrogen, and phosphorus loading rates applied were 2.7 gCOD L(-1) day(-1), 0.43 gN L(-1) day(-1), and 0.06 gP L(-1) day(-1), respectively. The removal efficiency of soluble COD, soluble nitrogen and soluble phosphorus were 85%, 93%, and 89%, respectively. However, the high suspended solids in the effluent limited the overall removal efficiency to 68%, 86%, and 74% for total COD, TN, and TP, respectively. This good nutrient removal was achieved through the process known as simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal, likely facilitated by the presence of large anoxic zones in the center of the granules. The removal of nitrogen was likely via nitrite optimizing the use of the limited COD available in the wastewater. Accumulibacter spp. were found to be responsible for most of the denitrification, further reducing the COD requirement for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Mineral precipitation was evaluated and was not found to significantly contribute to the overall nutrient removal. It is also shown that the minimum HRT in a granular sludge system is not governed by the sludge settleability, as is the case with floccular sludge systems, but likely by the limitations associated with the transfer of substrates in granules.     

乡土水生植物对富营养化水体的净化效果研究

为了解乡土水生植物净化富营养化水体的效果,研究了广东地区5种乡土水生植物对2种富营养化水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的净化效果和植物的生长状况。结果表明,与无植物空白相比,5种乡土植物使低、高浓度水体的TN去除率分别提高了3.8%～13.3%和13.2%～17.1%,TP去除率分别提高了15.2%～22.1%和11.3%～57.6%,其中野荸荠(Eleocharis plantagineiformis)适用于净化低氮水体;酸模叶蓼(Polygonumlapathifolium)适用于高氮水体;三白草(Saururuschinensis)适用于低磷水体;菱角(Trapa komarovii)适用于低氮或高磷水体;水龙(Ludwigia adscendens)对2种水体均有较好的净化效果,对高磷水体效果极佳。5种乡土植物在低、高浓度水体中均旺盛生长,水龙的生物量净增长率分别达375.5%和539.8%,表现最优,其次为菱角;水葫芦(Eichhorniacrassipes)则在高浓度水体中腐烂死亡,加重了水体污染。水龙、菱角对污染物的吸收作用较强,对P的吸收能力显著优于其他植物(P0.05)。因此,5种乡土植物均可作为广东地区富营养化水体修复的备选植物,其中水龙和菱角的开发潜力最大。     

菌藻共生系统对序批式反应器处理养猪废水脱氮除磷效果及微生物群落结构的影响

【背景】养猪废水作为高浓度有机废水,是导致我国农业面源污染的主要因素之一。目前采用菌藻共生系统处理养猪废水越来越受到关注,与传统序批式反应器(Sequencing Batch Reactor,SBR)相比,藻辅助SBR具有提高脱氮除磷效果、增加污泥活性和降低能源消耗的特点。【目的】针对SBR中菌藻共生系统对养猪废水脱氮除磷效能的影响,比较分析菌藻共生系统与常规SBR系统中污泥特性及微生物群落结构特征差异。【方法】在室温条件下分别平行运行SBR+微藻(R1)和作为对照系统不添加微藻的SBR(R2)。监测R1和R2系统废水处理效果,污泥的粒径、沉降性和代谢产物等污泥特性。利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,DGGE)技术分析R1和R2系统中的微生物种类和分布。【结果】与对照R2反应器相比,R1的化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)去除率提高了5.1%,NH4+-N提高了20.3%,总氮(Total Nitrogen,TN)提高了19.4%,总磷(Total Phosphorus,TP)提高了23.9%。进一步对反应器中的污泥特性进行分析发现,与R2相比,R1的胞外聚合物(ExtracellularPolymericSubstances,EPS)平均含量提高3.7%,可溶性微生物产物(Soluble MicrobialProduct,SMP)平均增加了38.5%。同时R1的污泥粒径较R2提高了14.8%,污泥体积指数(Sludge Volume Index,SVI)值较R2降低了11.7%,污泥的好氧呼吸速率(Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate,SOUR)较R2提高了64.8%,而且稳定的菌藻共生系统的形成进一步减少反应器出水中的悬浮固体浓度,表明藻类的添加对R1污泥特性具有改良作用【结论】R1反应器形成的菌藻共生体系可进一步优化微生物群落结构,其中放线菌纲(Actinobacteria)、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)和γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)为R1反应器的主要菌群,对养猪废水的处理起到重要作用。R1反应器中的藻类主要为链带藻属(Desmodesmus)和尖带藻属(Acutodesmus),对养猪废水的脱氮除磷起到重要作用。     

青藏高原天然湿地水环境特征和水质净化能力分析

研究以拉萨市拉鲁湿地及其相连干渠和茶巴朗湿地水体为研究对象, 分别于2020年8月(夏季)和2021年4月(春季)各采集22个水样, 测定水体氮磷营养盐和高锰酸盐指数, 分析了夏季和春季湿地的水环境特征和水质净化能力。结果表明, 拉鲁湿地和茶巴朗湿地由于流域人为污染水平不同进水水质存在差异, 拉鲁湿地进水水质主要受氮磷营养盐影响, 茶巴朗湿地水质主要受耗氧有机物影响。两湿地对水质都具有净化作用, 不同季节湿地对不同污染物的去除效果也有所差异。夏季, 拉鲁湿地对TN、NH₃-N、NO₃-N、TP和SRP的最大去除率分别为75.0%、65.2%、89.5%、82.2%和35.3%。茶巴朗湿地对TN、NH₃-N、NO₃-N、TP和SRP的去除率分别为60.7%、73.5%、12.7%、35.9%和5.0%。夏季两湿地对COD_Mn均未表现出去除作用。春季, 拉鲁湿地对TN、NH₃-N、NO₃-N、TP、SRP和COD_Mn的最大去除率分别为35.2%、65.9%、56.8%、59.5%、62.3%和17.9%。茶巴朗湿地的水质净化效果较差, 对TN、NH₃-N、NO₃-N、TP、SRP和COD_Mn的去除率分别为2.2%、10.2%、11.3%、11.3%、9.0%和26.0%。湿地水生植物、湿地结构、特殊的水动力特征及水污染负荷都可能影响高原湿地的水质净化能力, 春季高原湿地较低的水温、植物丰度和水文条件可能会降低湿地对污染物的去除效果。     

浮床黑麦草对城市生活污水氮循环细菌繁衍和脱氮效果的影响

通过设施大棚内容积为1.5m3的人工模拟池试验,研究了浮床黑麦草对模拟城市生活污水氮循环细菌繁衍和脱氮效果的影响。通过研究,阐明浮床植物去除污染水体氮素的可能途径。研究结果表明:浮床黑麦草对模拟城市生活污水总氮和氨氮的去除效果分别达到了31.6%和43.0%;浮床黑麦草根际和根系正下方是各类氮循环细菌生长的最佳区域;浮床黑麦草处理有效地提高了系统氮循环细菌的数量,16d的试验结束时细菌总数(A,单位为CFU.mL-1)达到最大值,其lg(A/(CFU.mL-1))增加至8.82,各类氮循环细菌比对照高3-5个数量级;同时,浮床黑麦草处理显著提高了氮循环细菌的群落多样性,系统内氨化菌、硝化菌、亚硝化菌和反硝化菌共存;明确了浮床黑麦草的吸收同化和氮循环细菌的生物脱氮是浮床黑麦草净化水质的两个重要途径。     

不同类型底栖动物对表面流人工湿地系统水质净化的影响

研究以表面流人工湿地为研究对象,探讨不同类型底栖动物在夏季和冬季对人工湿地系统氮磷去除效果的影响,并通过人工湿地系统运行前后不同介质氮磷含量变化及不同介质微生物丰度变化进行水质净化机理分析。结果表明,夏季添加河蚌和添加田螺均能增强人工湿地系统NO3-N和TN去除效果,其中添加河蚌使得系统NO3-N和TN平均去除率较对照组分别提升37.19%和24.32%,添加田螺使得系统NO3-N和TN平均去除率较对照组分别提升22.98%和12.46%。冬季添加摇蚊幼虫使得表面流人工湿地NO3-N、TN和TP平均去除率分别在37.8%、54.0%和94.8%,与对照组相比分别增加了29.51%、15.16%和37.62%,添加河蚌和田螺受底栖动物半冬眠活动和代谢降低影响没有显著水质提升效果。这表明通过添加底栖动物可以增强表面流人工湿地运行效果,选取适合的底栖动物种类组合可能在全年提升人工湿地水质净化效果。机理研究结果表明,底栖动物通过增强底泥和基质中微生物硝化反硝化作用、植物氮吸收和基质氮吸附等促进人工湿地氮去除,通过增强下层基质磷吸附沉淀和植物磷吸收提升水质磷去除。研究结果将为底栖动物在人工湿地的...     

A novel laboratory method to determine the biogas potential of iron-dosed activated sludge

Sludge biogas potential is often reduced by iron-dosing, the extent of the reduction being related to the nature of the sludge and the dosing process. The aim of this research was to develop a rapid laboratory method to measure the impact of iron-dosing on the biogas potential of activated sludge, taking into account the mechanisms that may be decreasing biogas yield. To validate the method, sequential extraction (SE) was used to fractionate iron and phosphorus in the sludge before and after iron-dosing. The laboratory-dosing regime increased total iron and phosphorus in the sludge but decreased their bioavailability, producing sludge with a similar inorganic composition to full-scale chemical P removal (CPR) sludge. Laboratory-dosed sludge produced 12–20% less biogas and 9–21% less methane when anaerobically digested, in comparison to the same undosed sludge. This method should help water companies and academics to more closely simulate iron-dosing in the laboratory.     

Ozonolysate of excess sludge as a carbon source in an enhanced biological phosphorus removal for low strength wastewater

Potential use of the municipal sludge ozonolysate as a carbon source was examined for phosphorus removal from low strength wastewater in a modified intermittently decanted extended aeration (IDEA) process. At ozone dosage of 0.2 g O₃/g solids, readily biodegradable COD accounted for about 36% of COD from sludge ozonolysate. The denitrification potential of ozonolysate as a carbon source was comparable to that of acetate. Although, the first order constant for phosphorus release with the ozonolysate was half that of acetate, it was much higher than that of wastewater. Continuous operation of the modified IDEA process showed that the removals of nitrogen and phosphorus were simultaneously enhanced by addition of the ozonolysate. Phosphorus release was significantly induced after complete denitrification indicating that phosphorus release was strongly depended on nitrate concentration. Effectiveness of the ozonolysate as a carbon source for EBPR was also confirmed in a track study of the modified IDEA.     

4种沉水植物对富营养化水体氮磷的去除能力

沉水植物常用于水质净化与生态修复工程.本实验通过室内模拟与测定,分析比较4种常见沉水植物在6个种植密度梯度(0.5g·L^-1～3g·L^-1)下对世博后滩公园生态水系氮、磷污染物的去除率.30d模拟实验结果表明,4种沉水植物对水体中过量氮、磷均有较高的去除率,在种植密度为3g·L^-1时,轮叶黑藻(HydriHa verticillata)对TN去除率最高达到6%,马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)对TP的去除率最高为88%.在种植密度为0.5g·L^-1～3g·L^-1的范围内时,各沉水植物实验组随种植密度的增大,对氮、磷的去除率升高.     

Inoculation of seed-borne fungus in the rhizosphere of Festuca arundinacea promotes hydrocarbon removal and pyrene accumulation in roots

Background and aims

The selective inoculation of specific hydrocarbon-degrading microbes into the plant rhizosphere offers a useful means for remediating hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. The effect of inoculating a seed-borne filamentous fungus (Lewia sp.) on hydrocarbon removal by Festuca arundinacea and its growth was studied on perlite (model soil) and soil, both spiked with hydrocarbons.

Methods

A hydrocarbon mixture (1,500 mg kg^?1) of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), phenanthrene and pyrene, blended with hexadecane (1.0:0.5:0.5 weight) was used. Greenhouse experiments were carried out for 45 days. Inoculated and non-inoculated plants were grown in dark cylindrical glass pots containing perlite or soil.

Results

Inoculation with Lewia sp. stimulated (100 %) root growth in spiked perlite. Inoculated plants showed higher phenanthrene removal (100 %) compared to non-inoculated plants in perlite and soil. Pyrene removal by inoculated plants was 37-fold higher than that by non-inoculated plants in perlite; in soil, pyrene removal by inoculated plants (97.9 %) differed significantly from that of non-inoculated plants (91.4 %). Accumulation of pyrene in roots (530.9 mg kg^?1 of dry roots) was promoted in perlite.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that Lewia sp. (endophytic fungus) improved the efficiency of PAH removal by F. arundinacea, on both perlite and soil, stimulating pyrene accumulation in roots.     

不同湿地模型净水效果与基质酶活性相关性的比较研究

为了研究不同植物和基质组合的小型湿地模型净水效果及其与基质酶活性(脲酶和磷酸酶)之间的相关性, 并选出净水效果最佳的模型, 通过对两种植物(茭白和慈姑)和两种基质(石榴石和磁铁矿)进行组合构建不同的湿地模型, 对不同湿地模型进出水口水质和基质酶活性进行测定并加以分析进行优化选择。结果表明: 湿地模型对亚硝态氮的去除率最高, 最高能达到98.87%, 最低也能达到58.06%, 对高锰酸盐的去除率最低, 最高37.91%, 最低2.51%; 湿地模型X5-X6对各污染物的去除率基本上都比X1-X4高, 总氮去除率平均高3%, 氨氮去除率平均高10%, 亚硝态氮去除率平均高10%, 总磷去除率平均高15%, 正磷酸盐去除率平均高20%, 高锰酸盐去除率平均高8%; 在相同种植数量的情况下, 茭白和慈姑混合种植的湿地模型总体上比茭白和慈姑单一种植的湿地模型具有更好的净水效果, 是实验中的最佳湿地模型; 湿地模型的脲酶活性与总氮去除率具有显著的相关性(相关系数为0.903—0.980), 脲酶可作为判定人工湿地去除养殖水体中总氮效能的指标, 湿地模型磷酸酶活性与高锰酸盐去除率总体上具有显著相关性(相关系数为0.821—0.992), 磷酸酶可作为判定人工湿地去除养殖水体中高锰酸盐效能的指标。研究为人工湿地植物和基质优化选择和基质酶活性评价净水效果提供了理论依据。     

The investigation of effect of organic carbon sources addition in anaerobic–aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor for nutrients removal from wastewaters

The effect of addition of organic carbon sources (acetic acid and waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid) on anaerobic–aerobic (low dissolved oxygen, 0.15–0.45 mg/L) biological municipal wastewater treatment was investigated. The results showed that carbon source addition affected not only the transformations of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), glycogen, nitrogen and phosphorus, but the net removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. The removal efficiencies of TN and TP were, respectively, 61% and 61% without organic carbon source addition, 81% and 95% with acetic acid addition, and 83% and 97% with waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquid addition. It seems that the alkaline fermentation liquid of waste biosolids generated in biological wastewater treatment plant can be used to replace acetic acid as an additional carbon source to improve the anaerobic–aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) municipal wastewater nutrients removal although its use was observed to cause a slight increase of effluent BOD and COD concentrations.