嗜吞噬细胞无形体msp4蛋白的生物信息学分析及表达鉴定

分析预测嗜吞噬细胞无形体msp4蛋白的抗原性,对嗜吞噬细胞无形体的msp4蛋白采用生物信息学对其进行分析二级结构,亲水性,疏水性,B细胞线性表位;根据分析的优势抗原表位区,进行基因合成并亚克隆至p ET32a表达载体,在大肠埃希菌中获得重组蛋白。生物信息学分析结果显示msp4蛋白由283个氨基酸组成,分子量为29.8 ku,理论等电点为6.05,不稳定系数为32.79,总平均疏水性为0.063;二级结构预测msp4蛋白主要以无规卷曲、延伸链、α-螺旋为主;B细胞表位预测msp4蛋白有14个线性表位;根据分析的结果选取msp4蛋白亲水性高的膜外区的28-158位序列克隆至p ET32a进行原核表达,在34 ku出有目的蛋白的表达。成功对嗜吞噬细胞无形体的msp4蛋白原核表达及纯化,为无形体病血清学检测方法的建立奠定了物质基础。     

嗜吞噬细胞无形体aph0653的克隆表达及重组蛋白的抗原性分析

目的:克隆表达嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma phagocytophilum,AP)APH0653基因,并对表达产物进行抗原性分析。方法:以嗜吞噬细胞无形体基因组DNA为模板,使用特异性引物,PCR扩增APH0653基因并克隆入原核表达载体进行表达。使用镍柱亲和层析纯化重组蛋白,并应用免疫印迹方法检测APH0653与嗜吞噬细胞无形体感染血清的免疫反应性。结果:菌落PCR、DNA测序和SDS-PAGE蛋白凝胶电泳表明APH0653基因已成功克隆入原核表达载体,并可诱导表达重组蛋白。免疫印迹实验表明AP阳性血清可识别重组蛋白APH0653,并产生明显的特异性条带。结论:嗜吞噬细胞无形体APH0653蛋白可在原核表达系统中高效表达,且重组蛋白具有较好的抗原性。     

我国人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展

人粒细胞无形体病是由嗜吞噬细胞无形体引起的一种经蜱传播的人畜共患病。近年来,在美国、欧洲、非洲等地均有相关病例报道,我国也有病例发现。该病主要引起发热,血小板减少,严重可引起多脏器损害,甚至死亡。因此日益受到研究者们的关注与重视。本文分别从HGA的发现,临床特点,治疗,预防等方面介绍人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展。     

我国人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展

人粒细胞无形体病是由嗜吞噬细胞无形体引起的一种经蜱传播的人畜共患病。近年来,在美国、欧洲、非洲等地均有相关病例报道,我国也有病例发现。该病主要引起发热,血小板减少,严重可引起多脏器损害,甚至死亡。因此日益受到研究者们的关注与重视。本文分别从HGA的发现,临床特点,治疗,预防等方面介绍人粒细胞无形体病的研究进展。     

铜绿假单胞菌致病力和致病机理研究进展

铜绿假单胞菌是在临床上引起多种感染的重要的致病菌 ,其致病机理复杂而多样。综述了国内外近年来研究铜绿假单胞菌的结构、胞外产物的致病机理。了解铜绿假单胞菌的致病机理对预防及治疗其引起的感染具有指导意义。     

核盘菌致病机理研究进展

菌核病（Sclerotinia stem rot,SSR）是我国油料作物生产中主要病害之一,严重制约长江中下游地区油菜主产区的产业发展。菌核病的病原是子囊菌门的核盘菌,是一种世界性分布的重要植物病原真菌。其寄主范围广泛,引起的菌核病对多种作物的产量和品质造成重要影响。核盘菌作为典型的死体营养型病原真菌,侵染寄主植物时通过直接杀死细胞和破坏组织攫取生长所需的营养物质。核盘菌的致病机理相对复杂,前期研究主要集中在其分泌的水解酶类（角质酶、细胞壁降解酶和蛋白酶等）和草酸在核盘菌侵染寄主植物中的作用。近些年来,越来越多的研究证实了分泌蛋白在核盘菌的致病过程中同样发挥着重要作用。分泌蛋白（效应蛋白）主要通过诱导植物细胞死亡或抑制寄主细胞的免疫反应,促进核盘菌的侵染和定殖。综述了水解酶类、草酸和分泌蛋白等在核盘菌致病机制中的作用,并对核盘菌致病机理研究进行了展望,以期为菌核病的安全防控提供理论参考。     

昆虫病原线虫共生细菌致病机理的研究进展

昆虫病原线虫共生细菌是寄生于昆虫病原线虫肠道内的一种细菌,革兰氏染色呈阴性,属肠杆菌科(Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｃｅａｅ)细菌[1]。它包含两个属———嗜线虫致病杆菌属(Ｘｅｎｏｒｈａｂｄｕｓ)和发光杆菌属(Ｐｈｏｔｏｒｈａｂｄｕｓ),它们分别与斯氏线虫(Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒｎｅｍａ)和异小杆线虫(Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｒｈａｂｄｉｔｉｓ)共生。这两种线虫由于杀虫能力强,是最有应用潜力的昆虫病原线虫。它们之间的共生关系可以概括为:共生菌存在于线虫的肠道内,线虫携带共生菌进入寄主昆虫体内,并将共生菌释放到昆虫的血腔中;共生菌在昆…     

病原弧菌的致病机理

由弧菌属细菌 (Vibriospp.)引起的弧菌病 (Vibriosis)是在世界各地海水养殖鱼、虾、贝类等动物中普遍流行、危害最大的细菌性疾病。在已知的弧菌中,有 10多种是海洋养殖动物的病原菌。长期以来,人们对病原弧菌的致病性研究一直是利用分离菌株对养殖动物进行各种方式的人工感染,通过观察实验动物是否发病来判断病原弧菌的致病性,而对弧菌病的发生、发展等过程缺乏深入的了解。由于对病原弧菌致病机理的研究最终将会为弧菌病的防治提供可靠的科学依据,近十年来,对病原弧菌的致病机理研究已成为对弧菌病研究的重点和最活跃的研究领域,研究工作主要包括对常见的病原弧菌在养殖动物体内外环境中的生     

肺炎嗜衣原体热休克蛋白60的研究进展

肺炎嗜衣原体是严格的细胞内寄生菌,具有独特的发育周期,是重要的呼吸道疾病病原菌,与动脉硬化等慢性心血管疾病也有关系。在肺炎嗜衣原体感染中,热休克蛋白60(Cp-HSP60)是重要的致病因素,对树突状细胞、上皮细胞、平滑肌细胞、巨噬细胞的正常功能都有影响,能够促进T细胞向Th1型分化。经过基因序列分析及氨基酸序列比对,Cp-HSP60与其他衣原体HSP60具有很高的同源性。由于HSP60高度保守,Cp-HSP60与人的HSP60在慢性疾病病理过程中是否存在交叉反应仍存在争议。疫苗是控制传染的有效措施,应用重组Cp-HSP60和表达Cp-HSP60的DNA疫苗在小鼠实验中对肺炎嗜衣原体的感染有一定的保护作用,在肺部能产生免疫记忆。     

Survival rates of immature Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks estimated using field‐placed enclosures

Granulocytic anaplasmosis (GA) and Lyme borreliosis are emerging tick‐borne diseases caused by infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi, respectively, and maintained in rodent‐Ixodes spp. tick cycles, including I. pacificus in the western U.S. Ixodes pacificus has a multiple‐year life cycle and B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum are transstadially, but not transovarially, transmitted within ticks, thus ticks function importantly in maintaining infection in nature. In this study, the survival of larval and nymphal I. pacificus was determined using ticks placed in tubes in leaf litter from June 2005 to September 2006 at two field sites in the California northern coast range mountains and a laboratory control. In all three sites, nymphal and larval survival ranged from 90–400 d, with differences in mean survival among sites. Fewer ticks died in the autumn in the moister field sites compared with the drier incubator control treatment. The first large die‐off event in late autumn occurred at all sites shortly before relative humidity increased from 80–100% and temperature declined from approximately 22–15° C. The concurrent die‐off in the incubator population, subject to relative humidity and temperature regimes that were invariant, suggests that survival time was dependent on other factors in addition to environmental conditions. These results suggested that many ticks exhausted resources or tolerance for relatively low humidity within six months of questing, and that higher humidity prolonged survival. Based on observed longevity, humans and other animals could acquire A. phagocytophilum infection from adult I. pacificus that were infected up to three years earlier.     

IL-12/23p40-dependent clearance of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the murine model of human anaplasmosis

Human anaplasmosis is an emerging infectious disease transmitted by ticks that can be potentially fatal in the immunocompromised and the elderly. The mechanisms of defense against the causative agent, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, are not completely understood; however, interferon (IFN)-gamma plays an important role in pathogen clearance. Here, we show that IFN-gamma is regulated through an early IL-12/23p40-dependent mechanism. Interleukin (IL)-12/23p40 is regulated in macrophages and dendritic cells after activation by microbial agonists and cytokines and constitutes a subunit of IL-12 and IL-23. IL-12/23p40-deficient mice displayed an increased A. phagocytophilum burden, accelerated thrombocytopenia and increased neutrophil numbers in the spleen at day 6 postinfection. Infection of MyD88- and mitogen-activated kinase kinase 3 (MKK3)-deficient mice suggested that the early susceptibility due to IL-12/23p40 deficiency was not dependent on signaling through MyD88 or MKK3. The lack of IL-12/23p40 reduced IFN-gamma production in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells although the effect was more pronounced in CD4(+) T cells. Our data suggest that the immune response against A. phagocytophilum is a multifactorial and cooperative process. The IL-12/23p40 subunit drives the CD4(+) Th1 immune response in the early phase of infection and IL-12/23p40-independent mechanisms ultimately contribute to pathogen elimination from the host.