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1.
Background
The purpose of this study was to determing which psychological traits of Japanese type 2 diabetes patients would provide reliability and validity to the Japanese version of the Acceptance and Action Diabetes Questionnaire (AADQ-J).Methods
Various questionnaires were administered to type 2 diabetes patients who were registered on the database of the research service provider; data from a total of 600 patients (mean?±?SD age was 57.50?±?9.87 years, female 21.83%) were analyzed.Results
Three items were excluded because of psychometric concerns related to the original 11-item AADQ. Confirmation factor analyses revealed that the eight-item version demonstrated the best indicators of a goodness of fit. The questionnaire showed adequate internal consistency. The questionnaire demonstrated high measurement accuracy in broad trait values by the test information function of Item Response Theory. The questionnaire showed stronger positive correlations with self-care activities and HbA1c than with diabetes distress and depressive mood.Conclusions
The eight-item Japanese version of AADQ has reliability and validity for type 2 diabetes patients.2.
Background
In recent years the visualization of biomagnetic measurement data by so-called pseudo current density maps or Hosaka-Cohen (HC) transformations became popular.Methods
The physical basis of these intuitive maps is clarified by means of analytically solvable problems.Results
Examples in magnetocardiography, magnetoencephalography and magnetoneurography demonstrate the usefulness of this method.Conclusion
Hardware realizations of the HC-transformation and some similar transformations are discussed which could advantageously support cross-platform comparability of biomagnetic measurements.3.
Background
We previously found that the empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be strongly affected by gender and age in addition to self-managed diet and exercise behaviors and treatment. This study was to examine the effects of gender, age, family support, and treatment on the perceived stress and coping of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus living with family.Methods
A survey was conducted of 140 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were living with family. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between male and female. Perceived stress and coping were measured with the Japanese version of the Appraisal of Diabetes Scale and the Lazarus Type Stress Coping Inventory. Stepwise regression analysis and path analysis were performed to identify factors that affect the perceived stress and coping of patients.Results
(1) Perceived stress and coping were strongly affected by gender. (2) Perceived stress and coping were affected by age for males, but perceived stress was not affected by age for females. However, females showed a greater “psychological impact of diabetes” than did males. Females aged between 50 and 69 years engaged in active problem solving, but awareness of diabetes was low. (3) Treatment regimens had an effect on HbA1c for both sexes, and diet therapy affected the awareness of diabetes of males and coping of females. (4) For females, “sense of self-control” was strongly associated with coping, and those who were living with non-spouse family members had a greater psychological impact of diabetes than those living with only their spouse. (5) For males, coping was strongly affected by living with their spouse.Conclusions
The results suggest that perceived stress, coping, and diet regimen are deeply associated with gender and age and that a male with type 2 diabetes mellitus living with his spouse is strongly dependent on support from the spouse. It is important to take into account gender, age, and family environment to provide patients with an individualized approach to addressing perceived stress and to provide education program for coping that can maximize treatment and maintain better, continuous glycemic control.4.
Mohamed Elshikh Syed Ahmed Scott Funston Paul Dunlop Mark McGaw Roger Marchant Ibrahim M. Banat 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(6):1015-1019
Objectives
To develop and validate a microdilution method for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of biosurfactants.Results
A standardized microdilution method including resazurin dye has been developed for measuring the MIC of biosurfactants and its validity was established through the replication of tetracycline and gentamicin MIC determination with standard bacterial strains.Conclusion
This new method allows the generation of accurate MIC measurements, whilst overcoming critical issues related to colour and solubility which may interfere with growth measurements for many types of biosurfactant extracts.5.
N. Cesbron A.-L. Royer Y. Guitton A. Sydor B. Le Bizec G. Dervilly-Pinel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):99
Introduction
Collecting feces is easy. It offers direct outcome to endogenous and microbial metabolites.Objectives
In a context of lack of consensus about fecal sample preparation, especially in animal species, we developed a robust protocol allowing untargeted LC-HRMS fingerprinting.Methods
The conditions of extraction (quantity, preparation, solvents, dilutions) were investigated in bovine feces.Results
A rapid and simple protocol involving feces extraction with methanol (1/3, M/V) followed by centrifugation and a step filtration (10 kDa) was developed.Conclusion
The workflow generated repeatable and informative fingerprints for robust metabolome characterization.6.
Nazila Ariaee Shima Zarei Mojgan Mohamadi Farahzad Jabbari 《Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA》2017,15(1):22
Background
Spontaneous urticaria is a common allergic skin condition affecting 0.5–1% of individuals and may burden on health care expenditure or may be associated with remarkable morbidity.Aim
In this study, we measured the effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with a diagnosis of CSU. Furthermore, quality of life and cytokine changes were evaluated.Methods
The clinical trial was conducted on 20 patients with idiopathic chronic urticaria. Vitamin D was administered orally for 8 weeks and disease activity was measured pre- and post-treatment using USS and DLQI. On the other hand expressions of IL-17, IL-10, Foxp3, and TGF-β by Real-time RT-PCR were assessed.Results
USS questionnaire showed that severity of idiopathic urticaria after the intervention, which compared with the first day reached a significant 55% reduction. The DLQI quality of life questionnaire 2 months after treatment showed 55% improvement. Along with the significant improvement of clinical symptoms, use of vitamin D increase FOXP3 gene expression and downregulation of IL-10, TGF-B, and FOXP3, IL-17, but these changes were not statistically significant.Limitation
These might happen due to lack of enrolled population in the investigation.Conclusion
Vitamin D can be used along with standard medical care and it’s a safe and cost-effective method for the treatment of chronic urticaria with deficiency of vitamin D.7.
Casey Burton Honglan Shi Yinfa Ma 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(5):78
Introduction
Urinary pteridines are putative molecular biomarkers for noninvasive cancer screening and prognostication. Central to their translational biomarker development is the need to understand the sources and extent of their non-epidemiological variation.Objectives
This study was designed to characterize the two primary sources of urinary pteridine variance: daily variation and the effect of dietary folate.Methods
Daily variation was studied by collecting urine specimens (n = 81) three times daily for 3 days. The effect of dietary folate was investigated in a treatment study in which urine specimens (n = 168) were collected daily during a control week and a treatment week during which participants received dietary folate supplements. Measurements of six urinary pteridines were made using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Coefficients of variation were calculated to characterize daily variance between and within subjects, while nearest neighbor non-parametric analyses were used to identify diurnal patterns and measure dietary folate effects.Results
Daily variance was approximately 35 % RSD for both within-day and between-day periods for most pteridines. Diurnal patterns in response to circadian rhythms were similarly observed for urinary pteridines. Folate supplementation was shown to alter urinary pteridine profiles in a pathway dependent manner, suggesting that dietary folate may regulate endogenous neopterin and biopterin biosynthesis.Conclusions
Urinary pteridine levels were found to be responsive to both daily variation and folate supplementation. These findings provide new insights into pteridine biosynthesis and regulation as well as useful information for the design of future clinical translational research.8.
Xiaowei Wang Mingjie Wang Shuangshuang Shao Yang Zhang Siyu Liu Yue Gao Yuhang Shen Pinghui Sun 《BMC endocrine disorders》2018,18(1):89
Background
To explore the risk factors of coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension, to provide theoretical basis for early intervention.Methods
A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select adult residents from Jilin Province in 2013 for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.Results
The prevalence of coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension in Jilin Province was 11.3%. The binary Logistic regression results showed that age, sex, education, triglyceride (TG), BMI, waist circumference and alcohol consumption were the effects of factor coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension.Conclusion
It is important to pay attention to the early stage of hypertension and diabetes, control the transition from prehypertension and prediabetes to hypertension and diabetes, and improve the health of residents.9.
Rachel A. Spicer Christoph Steinbeck 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(1):16
Introduction
Data sharing is being increasingly required by journals and has been heralded as a solution to the ‘replication crisis’.Objectives
(i) Review data sharing policies of journals publishing the most metabolomics papers associated with open data and (ii) compare these journals’ policies to those that publish the most metabolomics papers.Methods
A PubMed search was used to identify metabolomics papers. Metabolomics data repositories were manually searched for linked publications.Results
Journals that support data sharing are not necessarily those with the most papers associated to open metabolomics data.Conclusion
Further efforts are required to improve data sharing in metabolomics.10.
Xuyang Chen Jamie V. de Seymour Ting-Li Han Yinyin Xia Chang Chen Ting Zhang Hua Zhang Philip N. Baker 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(11):149
Introduction
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is impaired glucose tolerance first recognised during pregnancy; its development is associated with many adverse outcomes. Mechanisms of GDM development are not fully elucidated and few studies have used Chinese participants.Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the maternal metabolome associated with GDM in a Chinese population, and explore the relationship with maternal diet.Methods
Ninety-three participants were recruited at 26–28 weeks’ gestation from Chongqing, China. Maternal urine, serum, and hair metabolomes were analysed using gas and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Dietary intake was assessed using a 96-item food frequency questionnaire.Results
Of the 1064 metabolites identified, 73 were significantly different between cases and controls (P?<?0.05), but only 2-aminobutyric acid had both a p- and q-value?<?0.05. A “snack-based-dietary-pattern” was associated with an increased likelihood of GDM (odds ratio 2·1; 95% confidence interval 1.1–3.9). The association remained significant after adjustment for calorie intake but not food volume.Conclusion
This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the maternal metabolome. The snack-based dietary pattern associated with GDM suggests that timing and frequency of consumption are important factors in the relationship between maternal diet and GDM.11.
Amir Abdoli 《生物学前沿》2017,12(6):387-391
Background
Inflammatory conditions are involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. Recent findings have revealed that excessive salt and fat intake is involved in the development of severe inflammatory reactions.Methods
literature search was performed on various online databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) regarding the roles of high salt and fat intake in the induction of inflammatory reactions and their roles in the etiopathogenesis of cancer.Results
The results indicate that high salt and fat intake can induce severe inflammatory conditions. However, various inflammatory conditions have been strongly linked to the development of cancer. Hence, high salt and fat intake might be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer progression via putative mechanisms related to inflammatory reactions.Conclusion
Reducing salt and fat intake may decrease the risk of cancer.12.
Jamie V. de Seymour Stephanie Tu Xiaoling He Hua Zhang Ting-Li Han Philip N. Baker Karolina Sulek 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(6):79
Introduction
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a common maternal liver disease; development can result in devastating consequences, including sudden fetal death and stillbirth. Currently, recognition of ICP only occurs following onset of clinical symptoms.Objective
Investigate the maternal hair metabolome for predictive biomarkers of ICP.Methods
The maternal hair metabolome (gestational age of sampling between 17 and 41 weeks) of 38 Chinese women with ICP and 46 pregnant controls was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.Results
Of 105 metabolites detected in hair, none were significantly associated with ICP.Conclusion
Hair samples represent accumulative environmental exposure over time. Samples collected at the onset of ICP did not reveal any metabolic shifts, suggesting rapid development of the disease.13.
Introduction
Untargeted metabolomics is a powerful tool for biological discoveries. To analyze the complex raw data, significant advances in computational approaches have been made, yet it is not clear how exhaustive and reliable the data analysis results are.Objectives
Assessment of the quality of raw data processing in untargeted metabolomics.Methods
Five published untargeted metabolomics studies, were reanalyzed.Results
Omissions of at least 50 relevant compounds from the original results as well as examples of representative mistakes were reported for each study.Conclusion
Incomplete raw data processing shows unexplored potential of current and legacy data.14.
John A. Bowden Candice Z. Ulmer Christina M. Jones Jeremy P. Koelmel Richard A. Yost 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(5):53
Introduction
Efforts to harmonize lipidomic methodologies have been limited within the community. Here, we aimed to capitalize on the recent National Institute of Standards and Technology lipidomics interlaboratory comparison exercise by implementing a questionnaire that assessed current methodologies, quantitation strategies, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and quality control activities employed by the lipidomics community.Objectives
Lipidomics is a rapidly developing field with diverse applications. At present, there are no community-vetted methods to assess measurement comparability or data quality. Thus, a major impetus of this questionnaire was to profile current efforts, highlight areas of need, and establish future objectives in an effort to harmonize lipidomics workflows.Methods
The 54-question survey inquired about laboratory demographics, lipidomic methodologies and SOPs, analytical platforms, quantitation, reference materials, quality control procedures, and opinions regarding challenges existing within the community.Results
A total of 125 laboratories participated in the questionnaire. A broad overview of results highlighted a wide methodological diversity within current lipidomic workflows. The impact of this diversity on lipid measurement and quantitation is currently unknown and needs to be explored further. While some laboratories do incorporate SOPs and quality control activities, these concepts have not been fully embraced by the community. The top five perceived challenges within the lipidomics community were a lack of standardization amongst methods/protocols, lack of lipid standards, software/data handling and quantification, and over-reporting/false positives.Conclusion
The questionnaire provided an overview of current lipidomics methodologies and further promoted the need for community-accepted guidelines and protocols. The questionnaire also served as a platform to help determine and prioritize metrological issues to be investigated.15.
Renato de Souza Pinto Lemgruber Kaspar Valgepea Mark P. Hodson Ryan Tappel Sean D. Simpson Michael Köpke Lars K. Nielsen Esteban Marcellin 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(3):35
Introduction
Quantification of tetrahydrofolates (THFs), important metabolites in the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) of acetogens, is challenging given their sensitivity to oxygen.Objective
To develop a simple anaerobic protocol to enable reliable THFs quantification from bioreactors.Methods
Anaerobic cultures were mixed with anaerobic acetonitrile for extraction. Targeted LC–MS/MS was used for quantification.Results
Tetrahydrofolates can only be quantified if sampled anaerobically. THF levels showed a strong correlation to acetyl-CoA, the end product of the WLP.Conclusion
Our method is useful for relative quantification of THFs across different growth conditions. Absolute quantification of THFs requires the use of labelled standards.16.
Background
Grandmothers are important to successful breastfeeding because their knowledge, attitudes and experiences influence adolescent mothers’ decision to initiate and to continue breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an experiential learning with empowerment strategies and social support (ELESSS) programme for grandmothers according to improvements in the rate and duration of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF); knowledge and attitude (KA) regarding breastfeeding; and perceived social support among adolescent mothers.Methods
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in two hospitals, Banmi as an intervention hospital and Inburi as a control hospital, between May 2015 and March 2016. Forty-two pairs of adolescent mothers and grandmothers were recruited from each hospital. At the baseline, grandmothers in the intervention group attended 2 days of an ELESSS programme, and they attended a refresher course 2 and 4 months after delivery. The grandmothers in the control group and adolescent mothers in both groups received the routine programme. Participants were assessed at the baseline and at two and 6 months after delivery to determine the rate and duration of EBF, KA regarding breastfeeding and perceived social support.Results
Adolescent mothers in the intervention group had the EBF rate at 6 months of around 29%, whereas the control group had the EBF rate at 6 months of about 5%, and the proportion of EBF in the intervention group was six times that of the control group. The median EBF duration in the intervention group was 90 days, while the control group was 0 day. A repeated measure ANOVA analysis showed that the intervention group’s participants had significantly better knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding, while the adolescent mothers in the intervention group had a significantly higher perceived level of social support.Conclusion
The ELESSS programme proved to be effective in increasing the rate and duration of EBF in adolescent mothers. Grandmothers are key to promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding.Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.in.th: TCTR2016100100217.
Background
Currently, information on factors associated with anxiety in family caregivers of children with chronic diseases is unavailable, indicating a significant gap in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to identify the psychosocial and sociodemographic variables associated with anxiety in family caregivers of children with chronic diseases.Methods
In 2018, a nonprobability sample of 446 family caregivers was recruited at the National Institute of Health in Mexico City. The participants completed a sociodemographic variable questionnaire, clinical questions, and 18 psychosocial assessment scales, including a scale to assess family caregiver anxiety.Results
Family caregiver anxiety was correlated with almost all psychosocial variables and one out of three clinical variables but with none of the sociodemographic variables. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model with five psychosocial variables was established to predict family caregiver anxiety.Conclusions
Some psychosocial variables have effects on caregiver anxiety that are relevant for interventions. Clinical interventions should be implemented based on the psychosocial variables associated with family caregiver anxiety.18.
Nadine Strehmel David Strunk Veronika Strehmel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(11):135
Introduction
Aqueous–methanol mixtures have successfully been applied to extract a broad range of metabolites from plant tissue. However, a certain amount of material remains insoluble.Objectives
To enlarge the metabolic compendium, two ionic liquids were selected to extract the methanol insoluble part of trunk from Betula pendula.Methods
The extracted compounds were analyzed by LC/MS and GC/MS.Results
The results show that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (IL-Ac) predominantly resulted in fatty acids, whereas 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate (IL-Tos) mostly yielded phenolic structures. Interestingly, bark yielded more ionic liquid soluble metabolites compared to interior wood.Conclusion
From this one can conclude that the application of ionic liquids may expand the metabolic snapshot.19.
Background
The repression of negative emotions is a personality factor that received considerable attention in the 1950-60s as being relevant to the onset and course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite subsequent, repeated criticisms of the cross-sectional nature of the earlier studies, even to date few prospective studies have been reported on this issue. This multicenter study prospectively examined if “rational and antiemotional” behavior (antiemotionality), characterized by an extreme tendency to suppress emotional behaviors and to rationalize negative experiences in conflicting interpersonal situations, is associated with the functional prognosis of patients with RA.Methods
532 patients with RA who regularly visited one of eight hospitals/clinics in Japan in 2000 were recruited for study. All completed a self-administered baseline questionnaire about lifestyle and psychosocial factors including antiemotionality. Two years after, 460 (mean age, 56.1 years; 54 men and 406 women) of 471 patients who continued to visit the clinics agreed to take the follow-up questionnaire. The functional status of the patients was evaluated by rheumatologists based on the ACR classification system.Results
A multiple logistic regression model that included baseline demographic, disease activity/severity-related, therapeutic, and socioeconomic factors as covariates found a tendency toward higher antiemotionality to be related to poorer functional status at follow-up. This relationship was not explained by lifestyle factors.Conclusions
Antiemotionality may be a prognostic factor for the functional status of patients with RA. This finding sheds light on a seemingly forgotten issue in the care of patients with RA.20.
Sonia Liggi Christine Hinz Zoe Hall Maria Laura Santoru Simone Poddighe John Fjeldsted Luigi Atzori Julian L. Griffin 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(4):52