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Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan Anali Riahi Mohammad Mahdi Forghanifard Meysam Moghbeli 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2018,23(1):42
Background
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer, with a poor prognosis. Deregulation of WNT and NOTCH signaling pathways is important in ESCC progression, which can be due to either malfunction of their components or crosstalk with other pathways. Therefore, identification of new crosstalk between such pathways may be effective to introduce new strategies for targeted therapy of cancer. A correlation study was performed to assess the probable interaction between growth factor receptors and WNT/NOTCH pathways via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Musashi1 (MSI1), respectively.Methods
Levels of MSI1/EGFR mRNA expression in tumor tissues from 48 ESCC patients were compared to their corresponding normal tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results
There was a significant correlation between EGFR and MSI1 expression (p?=?0.05). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between EGFR/MSI1 expression and grade of tumor differentiation (p?=?0.02).Conclusion
This study confirms a direct correlation between MSI1 and EGFR and may support the important role of MSI1 in activation of EGFR through NOTCH/WNT pathways in ESCC.3.
Background
The primary human bone-derived cell culture technique is used as a model to study human osteogenesis. Compared to cell line cultures, primary osteoprogenitor and osteoblast cultures provide more complex information about osteogenesis, bone remodeling and regeneration than cell line cultures.Methods
In this study, we isolated human bone-derived cells (HBDCs) and promoted their differentiation into osteoblasts. The following parameters were evaluated: cell number and viability, total protein expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagenous matrix production and osteogenic genes expression, i.e., gene coding for type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase.Results
It was proved the results show that HBDCs intensively proliferate during the first 7 days of culture followed by differentiation accompanied by an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. Moreover, it was observed that during the differentiation of HBDCs, the expression of integrin β1 increased.Conclusions
The process was also accompanied by changes in cell shape and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and focal contacts containing FAK and the integrin β1 subunit. We suggest that the β1 integrin subunit may be a suitable new target in studies of the differentiation of primary human osteoblasts in culture.4.
Annett Markus-Koch Oliver Schmitt Susanne Seemann Jan Lukas Dirk Koczan Mathias Ernst Georg Fuellen Andreas Wree Arndt Rolfs Jiankai Luo 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2017,22(1):16
Background
ADAM23 is widely expressed in the embryonic central nervous system and plays an important role in tissue formation.Results
In this study, we showed that ADAM23 contributes to cell survival and is involved in neuronal differentiation during the differentiation of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs). Upregulation of ADAM23 in hNPCs was found to increase the number of neurons and the length of neurite, while its downregulation decreases them and triggers cell apoptosis. RNA microarray analysis revealed mechanistic insights into genes and pathways that may become involved in multiple cellular processes upon up- or downregulation of ADAM23.Conclusions
Our results suggest that ADAM23 regulates neuronal differentiation by triggering specific signaling pathways during hNPC differentiation.5.
D. Jacob C. Deborde M. Lefebvre M. Maucourt A. Moing 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(4):36
Introduction
Concerning NMR-based metabolomics, 1D spectra processing often requires an expert eye for disentangling the intertwined peaks.Objectives
The objective of NMRProcFlow is to assist the expert in this task in the best way without requirement of programming skills.Methods
NMRProcFlow was developed to be a graphical and interactive 1D NMR (1H & 13C) spectra processing tool.Results
NMRProcFlow (http://nmrprocflow.org), dedicated to metabolic fingerprinting and targeted metabolomics, covers all spectra processing steps including baseline correction, chemical shift calibration and alignment.Conclusion
Biologists and NMR spectroscopists can easily interact and develop synergies by visualizing the NMR spectra along with their corresponding experimental-factor levels, thus setting a bridge between experimental design and subsequent statistical analyses.6.
Weiping?Zhu Yiming?Zhao Jiamin?Zhou Xin?Wang Qi?Pan Ning?Zhang Longrong?Wang Miao?Wang Dihua?Zhan Zeyang?Liu Xigan?He Dening?Ma Shuang?Liu Lu?Wang
Background
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), a critical lipolytic enzyme, has emerged as a key regulator of tumor progression, yet its biological function and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown.Methods
In this study, we used a tissue microarray containing samples from 170 HCC patients to evaluate the expression of MAGL and its correlation with other clinicopathologic characteristics. In addition, we investigated the regulating effects of MAGL on various HCC lines. Finally, we identified the NF-κB signaling pathway participated in MAGL-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) using HCC cell lines with different metastatic potentials.Results
The expression of MAGL was significantly higher in HCC tumors than in matched peritumor tissues. Specifically, high MAGL expression was found in tumors with larger tumor size, microvascular invasion, poor differentiation, or advanced TNM stage. In addition, the clinical prognosis for the MAGLhigh group was markedly poorer than that for the MAGLlow group in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival times and recurrence rates of HCC patients. MAGL expression was an independent prognostic factor for both survival and recurrence after curative resection. Furthermore, the upregulation of MAGL in HCC cells promoted cell growth and invasiveness abilities, and accompanied by EMT. In contrast, downregulation of MAGL obviously inhibited these characteristics. Moreover, further investigations verified that MAGL facilitates HCC progression via NF-κB-mediated EMT process.Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate MAGL could promote HCC progression by the induction of EMT and suggest a potential therapeutic target, as well as a biomarker for prognosis, in patients with HCC.7.
N. Cesbron A.-L. Royer Y. Guitton A. Sydor B. Le Bizec G. Dervilly-Pinel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):99
Introduction
Collecting feces is easy. It offers direct outcome to endogenous and microbial metabolites.Objectives
In a context of lack of consensus about fecal sample preparation, especially in animal species, we developed a robust protocol allowing untargeted LC-HRMS fingerprinting.Methods
The conditions of extraction (quantity, preparation, solvents, dilutions) were investigated in bovine feces.Results
A rapid and simple protocol involving feces extraction with methanol (1/3, M/V) followed by centrifugation and a step filtration (10 kDa) was developed.Conclusion
The workflow generated repeatable and informative fingerprints for robust metabolome characterization.8.
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Tie-juan Shao Zhi-xing He Zhi-jun Xie Hai-chang Li Mei-jiao Wang Cheng-ping Wen 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(4):70
Introduction
The differences in fecal metabolome between ankylosing spondylitis (AS)/rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy individuals could be the reason for an autoimmune disorder.Objectives
The study explored the fecal metabolome difference between AS/RA patients and healthy controls to clarify human immune disturbance.Methods
Fecal samples from 109 individuals (healthy controls 34, AS 40, and RA 35) were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant (OPLS-DA) analysis.Results
Significant differences in the fecal metabolic profiles could distinguish AS/RA patients from healthy controls but could not distinguish between AS and RA patients. The significantly decreased metabolites in AS/RA patients were butyrate, propionate, methionine, and hypoxanthine. Significantly increased metabolites in AS/RA patients were taurine, methanol, fumarate, and tryptophan.Conclusion
The metabolome variations in feces indicated AS and RA were two homologous diseases that could not be distinguished by 1H NMR metabolomics.10.
Andrei Prodan Sultan Imangaliyev Henk S. Brand Martijn N. A. Rosema Evgeni Levin Wim Crielaard Bart J. F. Keijser Enno C. I. Veerman 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(9):147
Introduction
Understanding the changes occurring in the oral ecosystem during development of gingivitis could help improve prevention and treatment strategies for oral health. Erythritol is a non-caloric polyol proposed to have beneficial effects on oral health.Objectives
To examine the effect of experimental gingivitis and the effect of erythritol on the salivary metabolome and salivary functional biochemistry.Methods
In a two-week experimental gingivitis challenge intervention study, non-targeted, mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling was performed on saliva samples from 61 healthy adults, collected at five time-points. The effect of erythritol was studied in a randomized, controlled trial setting. Fourteen salivary biochemistry variables were measured with antibody- or enzymatic activity-based assays.Results
Bacterial amino acid catabolites (cadaverine, N-acetylcadaverine, and α-hydroxyisovalerate) and end-products of bacterial alkali-producing pathways (N-α-acetylornithine and γ-aminobutyrate) increased significantly during the experimental gingivitis. Significant changes were found in a set of 13 salivary metabolite ratios composed of host cell membrane lipids involved in cell signaling, host responses to bacteria, and defense against free radicals. An increase in mevalonate was also observed. There were no significant effects of erythritol. No significant changes were found in functional salivary biochemistry.Conclusions
The findings underline a dynamic interaction between the host and the oral microbial biofilm during an experimental induction of gingivitis.11.
Hong-Bin?Cheng Rong-Yi?Chen Jing-Ping?Wu Li?Chen Yan-Hua?Liang Hai-Feng?Pan Zi-Feng?Pan Qing-Hua?Zhang Qing?Li Tian-Xi?Du Yong-Mei?Lv
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease. Complement component 4 (C4) has be proved to play a role in pathogenesis of SLE. In the present study, we investigated the effect of C4 on T cells differentiation.Methods
Thirty SLE patients were included in this study. CD4+ T cells were isolated from healthy subjects, and dendritic cells (DCs) were isolated from healthy subjects or SLE patients. C4 was supplemented to co-incubate with T cells and DCs.Results
Serum C4 concentration was positively correlated with regulatory T cell (Treg) percentage (R2 = 0.5907, p < 0.001) and TGFβ concentration (R2 = 0.5641, p < 0.001) in SLE patients. Different concentrations of C4 had no effect on T cells differentiation. Co-incubated T cells with DCs and C4 for 7 days, the Treg percentage and TGF-β concentration were significantly elevated. In addition, pre-treated DCs (from healthy subjects or SLE patients) with C4 and then co-incubated with T cells, the increases of Treg percentage and TGF-β concentration were also observed.Conclusion
C4 takes part in T cells differentiation to Treg cells via DCs.12.
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Clara Pérez-Rambla Leonor Puchades-Carrasco María García-Flores José Rubio-Briones José Antonio López-Guerrero Antonio Pineda-Lucena 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(5):52
Introduction
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men worldwide. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level has been extensively used as a biomarker to detect PCa. However, PSA is not cancer-specific and various non-malignant conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can cause a rise in PSA blood levels, thus leading to many false positive results.Objectives
In this study, we evaluated the potential of urinary metabolomic profiling for discriminating PCa from BPH.Methods
Urine samples from 64 PCa patients and 51 individuals diagnosed with BPH were analysed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Comparative analysis of urinary metabolomic profiles was carried out using multivariate and univariate statistical approaches.Results
The urine metabolomic profile of PCa patients is characterised by increased concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), glutamate and pseudouridine, and decreased concentrations of glycine, dimethylglycine, fumarate and 4-imidazole-acetate compared with individuals diagnosed with BPH.Conclusion
PCa patients have a specific urinary metabolomic profile. The results of our study underscore the clinical potential of metabolomic profiling to uncover metabolic changes that could be useful to discriminate PCa from BPH in a clinical context.14.
Objectives
Adult stem cells (ASCs) have great potential for tissue regeneration; however, comparative studies of ASCs from different niches are required to understand the characteristics of each population for their potential therapeutic uses.Results
We compared the proliferation, stem cell marker expression, and differentiation potential of ASCs from bone marrow, skin dermis, and adipose tissue. ASCs from bone marrow and skin dermis showed 50–100 % increased proliferation in comparison to the ASCs from adipose tissues. Furthermore, ASCs from each stem cell niche showed differential expression of stem cell marker genes, and preferentially differentiated into cell types of their tissue of origin.Conclusion
Different characters of each ASC might be major factors for their effective use for therapeutics and tissue regeneration.15.
Background
Recently, growing attention has been directed toward stem cell metabolism, with the key observation that metabolism not only fuels the proper functioning of stem cells but also regulates the fate of these cells. There seems to be a clear link between the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), in which cells proliferate indefinitely without differentiation, and the activity of specific metabolic pathways. The unique metabolism in PSCs plays an important role in maintaining pluripotency by regulating signaling pathways and resetting the epigenome.Objective
To review the most recent publications concerning the metabolism of pluripotent stem cells and the role of metabolism in PSC self-renewal and differentiation.Methods
A systematic literature search related to the metabolism of PSCs was conducted in databases including Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. The search was performed without language restrictions on all papers published before May 2016. The following keywords were used: “metabolism” combined with either “embryonic stem cell” or “epiblast stem cell.”Results
Hundreds of papers focusing specifically on the metabolism of pluripotent stem cells were uncovered and summarized.Conclusion
Identifying the specific metabolic pathways involved in pluripotency maintenance is crucial for progress in the field of developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Additionally, better understanding of the metabolism in PSCs will facilitate the derivation and maintenance of authentic PSCs from species other than mouse, rat, and human.16.
Objective
To study whether miR-98 participates in the effects of nicotine on myocardial differentiation.Results
By western blot, MTT and flow cytometry assays, we found that nicotine suppresses P19 cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes and apoptosis, and promotes proliferation, while restoration of miR-98 relieves the inhibitory effect of nicotine on the P19 cell differentiation. By target prediction analysis and luciferase reporter assay, we observed that miR-98 inhibits the protein expression of Wnt1 by directly acting on the 3′-UTR of Wnt1 mRNA. We assumed that the effect of miR-98 on Wnt1 might alter the activity of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway and be associated with myocardial differentiation. In summary, nicotine restrains differentiation of P19 cells into cardiomyocytes and decreases the level of miR-98.Conclusions
Restoration of miR-98 relieves the inhibitory effect of nicotine on differentiation of P19 cells via targeting the 3′-UTR of Wnt1, which offers novel insights into our understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of congenital heart defects.17.
Arianna Filntisi Charalambos Fotakis Pantelis Asvestas George K. Matsopoulos Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis Dionisis Cavouras 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(12):146
Introduction
Metabolite identification in biological samples using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra is a challenging task due to the complexity of the biological matrices.Objectives
This paper introduces a new, automated computational scheme for the identification of metabolites in 1D 1H NMR spectra based on the Human Metabolome Database.Methods
The methodological scheme comprises of the sequential application of preprocessing, data reduction, metabolite screening and combination selection.Results
The proposed scheme has been tested on the 1D 1H NMR spectra of: (a) an amino acid mixture, (b) a serum sample spiked with the amino acid mixture, (c) 20 blood serum, (d) 20 human amniotic fluid samples, (e) 160 serum samples from publicly available database. The methodological scheme was compared against widely used software tools, exhibiting good performance in terms of correct assignment of the metabolites.Conclusions
This new robust scheme accomplishes to automatically identify peak resonances in 1H-NMR spectra with high accuracy and less human intervention with a wide range of applications in metabolic profiling.18.
Tanushri Chatterji Suruchi Singh Manodeep Sen Ajai Kumar Singh Pradeep Kumar Maurya Nuzhat Husain Janmejai Kumar Srivastava Sudhir Kumar Mandal Raja Roy 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(8):130
Introduction
Meningitis, a morbidly infectious central nervous system pathology is accompanied by acute inflammation of the meninges, causing raised intracranial pressure linked with serious neurological sequelae.Objective
To observe the variation in the metabolic profile, that may occur in serum and urine along with CSF in adults using 1H NMR spectroscopy, with an attempt of appropriate and timely treatment regimen.Methods
The 1H NMR-based metabolomics has been performed in 115 adult subjects for differentiating bacterial meningitis (BM) and tubercular meningitis (TBM).Results
The discriminant function analysis (DFA) of the three bio-fluids collectively identified 3-hydroxyisovalerate, lactate, glucose, formate, valine, alanine, ketonic bodies, malonate and choline containing compounds (choline and GPC) as significant metabolites among cases versus control group. The differentiation of bacterial meningitis and tuberculous meningitis (BM vs. TBM) can be done on the basis of identification of 3-hydroxyisovalerate, isobutyrate and formate in case of CSF (with a correct classification of 78 %), alanine in serum (correct classification 60 %), valine and acetone in case of urine (correct classification 89.1 %). The NMR spectral bins based orthogonal signal correction principal component analysis score plots of significant metabolites obtained from DFA also provided group classification among cases versus control group in CSF, serum and urine samples. The variable importance in projection scores also identified similar significant metabolites as obtained from DFA, collectively in CSF, serum and urine samples, responsible for differentiation of meningitis.Conclusion
The CSF contained metabolites which are formed during infection and inflammation, and these were also found in significant quantity in serum and urine samples.19.
Daniel Cañueto Josep Gómez Reza M. Salek Xavier Correig Nicolau Cañellas 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(3):24
Introduction
Adoption of automatic profiling tools for 1H-NMR-based metabolomic studies still lags behind other approaches in the absence of the flexibility and interactivity necessary to adapt to the properties of study data sets of complex matrices.Objectives
To provide an open source tool that fully integrates these needs and enables the reproducibility of the profiling process.Methods
rDolphin incorporates novel techniques to optimize exploratory analysis, metabolite identification, and validation of profiling output quality.Results
The information and quality achieved in two public datasets of complex matrices are maximized.Conclusion
rDolphin is an open-source R package (http://github.com/danielcanueto/rDolphin) able to provide the best balance between accuracy, reproducibility and ease of use.20.
Agnieszka Skorupa Łukasz Boguszewicz Marek Kijonka Maria Sokół 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(4):34