植物NAC转录因子

植物生命过程依赖众多转录因子去调控基因的表达。NAC类蛋白是近十多年来新发现的一类植物特有的、数量较多的转录因子家族。研究发现,拥有一个介导DNA结合的特有的N末端新转录因子折叠结构域和一个具有高度多样性的C端转录功能区是这类转录因子共同的结构特征。NAC转录因子不仅普遍参与了植物生长发育过程的调控,包括茎顶端分生组织、花器官的发育、侧根的形成、细胞次生壁的形成以及叶片衰老等,还参与了胁迫应答、激素调控以及诱导寄主对病原菌侵染产生抗性等过程。本文综述了植物NAC转录因子的结构特征、生物学功能、作用机理以及表达调控等方面的研究进展,对该领域的研究进行了展望。     

KIN241: a gene involved in cell morphogenesis in Paramecium tetraurelia reveals a novel protein family of cyclophilin–RNA interacting proteins (CRIPs) conserved from fission yeast to man

In this study, we report cloning, by functional complementation of the KIN241 gene involved in Paramecium cell morphogenesis, cortical organization and nuclear reorganization. This gene is predicted to encode a protein of a novel type, comprising a cyclophilin-type, peptidyl-prolyl isomerase domain, an RNA recognition motif, followed by a region rich in glutamate and lysine (EK domain) and a C-terminal string of serines. As homologues of this protein are present in the genomes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana and Homo sapiens, the Kin241p predicted sequence defines a new family of proteins that we propose to call 'CRIP', for cyclophilin-RNA interacting protein. We demonstrate that, in Paramecium, Kin241p is localized in the nucleus and that deletion of some nuclear localization signals (NLSs) decreases transport of the protein into the nucleus. No Kin241-1 protein is present in mutant cells, suggesting that the C-terminal serine-rich region is responsible for protein stability.     

Nuclear localization of the Arabidopsis blue light receptor cryptochrome 2

The cryptochrome blue light photoreceptor family of Arabidopsis thaliana consists of two members, CRY1 and CRY2 (PHH1). CRY2 contains a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) within its C-terminal region. We examined whether CRY2 is localized in the nucleus and whether the C-terminal region of CRY2 is involved in nuclear targeting. Total cellular and nuclear protein extracts from Arabidopsis were subjected to immunoblot analysis with CRY2-specific antibodies. Strong CRY2 signals were obtained in the nuclear fraction. Fusion proteins consisting of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and different fragments of CRY2 were expressed in parsley protoplasts and the localization of the fusion proteins was determined by fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. GFP-fusions containing the entire CRY2 protein or its C-terminal region were found exclusively in the nucleus. We conclude from these results that CRY2 is localized in the nucleus and that nuclear localization is mediated by the C-terminal region of CRY2.