Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
A World Like Our Own—Man and Nature in Madagascar , by Alison Jolly.
Vertebrate Limb Regeneration , by H. Wallace.
Statistical Methods in Biology , by N. T.J. Bailey
Conservation and Evolution , by O. H. Frankel & M. E. Soule
Evolution in Age-structured Populations by B. Charlesworth
Essential Biology , by Herbert T. Hendrickson
Flora Suzakiensis , edited by Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household
Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process , by N. Eldredge & J. Cracraft
Excursion Flora of the British Isles , by A. R. Clapham, T. G. Tutin & E. F. Warburg
Whales , by W. N. Bonner
Les Chevaux, Fossiles et Actuels , by V. Eisenmann
Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance , by David S. Brown
Symbiosis in Cell Evolution , by Lynn Margulis
Vegetation Dynamics , by J. Miles     

794. IRIS FURSEORUM

A new juno iris for the Flora of Afghanistan, Iris furseorum T. Hall & Seisums, is described and illustrated. It was collected in N.E. Afghanistan by Paul and Polly Furse in 1966 and has been maintained in cultivation.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Excursion Flora of the British Isles , 2nd edn. By A. R. C lapham , T. G. T utin and E. F. W arburg .
Critical Supplement to the Atlas of the British Flora . Ed. by F. H. P erring assisted by P. D. S ell .
Drawings of British Plants . Part XXIV. Labiatae . By S tella R oss -C raig .
Britain's Green Mantle , 2nd edn. By the late A. G. T ansley . Revised by M. C. F. P roctor .
The Flora of Berkshire . By H. J. M. B owen .
Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands . By P. H. D avis , assisted by J. C ullen and M. J. E. C oode .
Plants and Man on the Seychelles Coast . By J. D. S auer .
Key to the Families of Flowering Plants of the World . Revised and enlarged by J. H utchinson .
The Diversity of Green Flants . By P. R. B ell and C. L. F. W oodcock .
IBP Handbook No . 5: Handbook to the Conservation Section of the International Biological Programme . By E. M. N icholson .
Plants, Man and Life , 2nd edn. By E dgar A nderson .
Production and Mineral Cycling in Terrestrial Vegetation . By L. E. R odin and N. I. B azilevich . Translation by Scripta Technica Ltd (Ed. by G. E. F ogg ).
'Torrey Canyon' Pollution and Marine Life . A Report by the Plymouth Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Ed. by J. E. S mith .
Geobotanische Untersuchungen auf der Feddersen Wier de . By U. K örber -G rohne .
Cell Walls and Membranes . By H. J. R ogers and H. R. P erkins .
Wachstums regulatoren bei Pflanzen . Ed. by E. L ibbert and B. S teyer .
The Ecology of Soil Bacteria ( An International Symposium ). Ed. by T. R. G. G ray and D. P arkinson .
Genetics of Fungi . By K arl E sser and R udolf K uenen . Translated by E rich S teiner .
Plant Pathologist's Pocketbook . Compiled by The Commonwealth Mycological Institute.     

A and Z canonical conformations in d(CnGCGn) crystals characterized by microFTIR and microRaman spectroscopies

Two crystals d(C₂GCG₂) and d(C₅GCG₅) have been studied under microscope by Fourier transform ir spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The x-ray diffraction study of the latter crystal had shown that the d(C₅GCG₅) sequence is the first DNA dodecamer known to adopt a canonical A conformation [N. Verdaguer, J. Aymami, D. Fernandez-Forner, I. Fita, M. Coll, T. Huynh-Dinh, J. Igolen, and J. A. Subirana (1991) Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol. 221, pp. 623–635]. Characteristic ir marker bands and Raman marker peaks of the A conformation have thus been obtained and are compared with previously proposed assignments correlated to fiber diffraction x-ray results obtained on polymers. The d(C₂GCG₂) sequence crystal had previously been studied in an intermediate form between B and Z [L. Urpi, J. P. Ridoux, J. Liquier, N. Verdagner, I. Fita, J. A. Subirana, F. Iglesias, T. Huynh-Dinh, J. Igolen, and E. Taillandier (1989) Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 17, pp. 6669–6679]. In this paper we present results obtained from a crystal with this oligonucleotide in Z conformation. The effect of the crystallization conditions on the geometry of the obtained oligomer helix is discussed. The influence of the addition, to the central tetramer CGCG, of dC_n stretches (at the 5′ end) and dG_n stretches (at the 3′ end) of different lengths, on the conformational flexibility of the nucleic acid, is considered. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

REVIEWS

Grazing in Terrestrial and Marine Environments (British Ecological Society Symposium No. 4). Edited by D. J. C risp
Fundamentals of Botany Series . Edited by W. A. J ensen and L. G. K avaljian
Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Biologists . By H ilary S eal
Differenciation des Cellules Sexuelles et Eécondation chez les Cryptogames (Protoplasmatologia , Vol. VII/3b). By B. V azart
Allgemeine Botanik . By W. N ultsch
Piante Medicinali, Chimica, Farmacologia e Terapia . Vol. II. By R. B enigni , C. C apra and P. E. C attorini
Thermophilic Fungi . By D onald G. C ooney and R alph E merson
The Genera of Flowering Flants (Angiospermae). Based Principally on the Genera Plantarum of G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker. Dicotyledones . vol. 1. By J. H utchinson
Algal Cultures and Phytoplankton Ecology . By G. E. F ogg
Flora Europaea, Vol . 1. Eycopodiaceae to Plantanaceae . Edited by T. G. T utin , V. H. H eywood , N. A. B urges , D. H. V alentine , S. M. W alters and D. A. W ebb
The Biology of the Algae . By F. E. R ound
Flora of the British Isles Illustrations . Part 4. Monocotyledons . Drawings by S ybil J. R oles
Plants and the Ecosystem . By W. D. B illings . (Fundamentals of Botany Series, edited by W. A. J ensen and L. G. K avaljian
Essays on Crop Evolution . Edited by S ir J oseph H utchinson     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article: Die Milben des Süsswassers (Hydrachnellae und Halacaridae [part.], Acari) Teil 1: Bibliographie, Teil 2: Katalog, by Kurt O. Viets. A Primate Radiation: Evolutionary Biology of the African Guenons, edited by Annie Gautier-Hion, F. Bourlière, J.-P. Gautier and J. Kingdon. Neurobiology of the Cardiorespiratory System, edited by E. W. Taylor. The Dragonflies of Europe, by R. R. Askew. Studying Fossil Horses, by V. Eisenmann, M. T. Alberdi, C. de Giuli & U. Staesche. Collected papers after the ‘New York International Hipparion Conference. 1981’ Volume I: Methodology, edited by M. Woodburne & P. Sondaar. E. J. Brill. The Hymenoptera, edited by Ian Gauld & Barry Bolton. A Study of Blackbirds, by David Snow Temperature Biology of Animals, by Andrew R. Cossins and Ken Bowler. Honey Identification, by Rex Sawyer. Megaherbivores: The Influence of Very Large Body Size on Ecology, by R. N. Owen-Smith.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Atlas of the British Flora . Edited by F. H. P erring and S. M. W althrs .
Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology . Vol. XIV: Growth and Growth Substances. Edited by W. R uhland .
Drawings of British Plants . Part XVII: Compositae (3). By S tella R oss -C raig .
Apical Meristems . By F. A. L. C lowes . Botanical Monographs, vol. 2. Edited by W. O. J ames .
Cellular Regulatory Mechanisms . Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Proceedings of the Summer School of Botany held June 2–15, 1960, at Darjeeling . Edited by P. M aheshwari , B. M. J ohri and I. K. V asil .
Exotic Forest Trees in the British Commonwealth . By R. J. S treets . Edited by Sir H arry C hampion .
A Flora of the Alaskan Arctic Slope . By I. L. W iggins and J. H. T homas
Grundzüge der Pflanzenanatomie . By B. H uber .
Taschenbuch der Botanik . By H. M iehe . Revised by W. M evius .
A Conspectus of Aphids as Vectors of Plant Viruses . By J. S. K ennedy , M. F. D ay and V. F. E astop .
Crop Adaptation and Distribution . By C arroll P. W ilsie .
Flora of Cultivated Plants of the U.S.S.R. Vol. XIII: Perennial Leguminous Plants: Medicago, Melilotus and Trigonella. Edited by E. N. S inskaya . Translated by N. L andau .
Der Federsee . Edited by W. Z immermann .
Carbohydrate Resources within the Perennial Plant . By C. A. P riestley .
Flora of the British Isles . By A. R. C lapham , T. G. T utin and E. F. W arburg .
Mineral Salts Absorption in Plants . By J. F. S utcliffe .
The Development of British Heathlands and their Soils . By G. W. D imbleby .
Annual Review of Plant Physiology , vol. 13. Edited by L. M achlis and W. R. B riggs .     

Backbone dynamics of ribonuclease T1 and its complex with 2′GMP studied by two-dimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy

Summary The backbone dynamics of free ribonuclease T1 and its complex with the competitive inhibitor 2GMP have been studied by ¹⁵N longitudinal and transverse relaxation experiments, combined with {¹H, ¹⁵H} NOE measurements. The intensity decay of individual amide cross peaks in a series of (¹H, ¹⁵N)-HSQC spectra with appropriate relaxation periods (Kay, L.E. et al. (1989) Biochemistry, 28, 8972–8979; Kay, L.E. et al. (1992) J. Magn. Reson., 97, 359–375) was fitted to a single exponential by using a simplex algorithm in order to obtain ¹⁵N T₁ and T₂ relaxation times. These experimentally obtained values were analysed in terms of the model-free approach introduced by Lipari and Szabo (Lipari, G. and Szabo, A. (1982) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 104, 4546–4559; 4559–4570). The microdyramical parameters accessible by this approach clearly indicate a correlation between the structural flexibility and the tertiary structure of ribonuclease T1, as well as restricted mobility of certain regions of the protein backbone upon binding of the inhibitor. The results obtained by NMR are compared to X-ray crystallographic data and to observations made in molecular dynamics simulations.     

Hypervariable Region 1 Deletion and Required Adaptive Envelope Mutations Confer Decreased Dependency on Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor for Hepatitis C Virus

Hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of envelope protein 2 (E2) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) serves important yet undefined roles in the viral life cycle. We previously showed that the viability of HVR1-deleted JFH1-based recombinants with Core-NS2 of H77 (H77_ΔHVR1, genotype 1a) and S52 (S52_ΔHVR1, genotype 3a) in Huh7.5 cells was rescued by E2 substitutions N476D/S733F and an E1 substitution, A369V, respectively; HVR1-deleted J6 (J6_ΔHVR1, genotype 2a) was fully viable. In single-cycle production assays, where HCV RNA was transfected into entry-deficient Huh7-derived S29 cells with low CD81 expression, we found no effect of HVR1 deletion on replication or particle release for H77 and S52. HCV pseudoparticle assays in Huh7.5 cells showed that HVR1 deletion decreased entry by 20- to 100-fold for H77, J6, and S52; N476D/S733F restored entry for H77_ΔHVR1, while A369V further impaired S52_ΔHVR1 entry. We investigated receptor usage by antibody blocking and receptor silencing in Huh7.5 cells, followed by inoculation of parental and HVR1-deleted HCV recombinants. Compared to parental viruses, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) dependency was decreased for H77_{ΔHVR1/N476D/S733F}, H77_N476D/S733F, S52_ΔHVR1/A369V, and S52_A369V, but not for J6_ΔHVR1. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) dependency was decreased for HVR1-deleted viruses, but not for H77_N476D/S733F and S52_A369V. Soluble LDLr neutralization revealed strong inhibition of parental HCV but limited effect against HVR1-deleted viruses. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-specific HCV neutralization was similar for H77, J6, and S52 viruses with and without HVR1. In conclusion, HVR1 and HVR1-related adaptive envelope mutations appeared to be involved in LDLr and SR-BI dependency, respectively. Also, LDLr served ApoE-independent but HVR1-dependent functions in HCV entry.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Winter Garden Glory. Adrian Bloom
Gardening with Perennials Month by Month. Joseph Hudek
Flora Europaea. Volume 1, second edition, Psilotaceae to Platanaceae. Edited by T. G. Tutin, N. A. Burgess, A. O. Chater, J. R. Edmondson, V. H. Heywood, D. M. Moore, D. H. Valentine, S. M. Walters and D. A. Webb, assisted by J. R. Akeroyd and M. E. Newton
Bark. The Formation, Characteristics and Usefulness of Bark around the World. Ghillean Tolmie Prance and Anne E. Prance     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Plant Cells . By F. A. L. C lowes and B. E. J uniper .
The History of British Vegetation . By W inifred P ennington . Modern Biology: General Editor J. E. W ebb .
Flora Europaea , Vol. II. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Ed. by T. G. T utin , V. H. H eywood , N. A. B urges , D. M. M oore , D. H. V alentine , S. M. W alters and D. A. W ebb .
Desert Wild Flowers . By E dmund J aeger .
British Mosses and Liverworts . By E. V. W atson .
Anatomy of the Monocotyledons , Vol. III. Commelinales—Zingiberales . By P. B. T omlinson . General Editor C. R. M etcalfe .
Biological Science—The Web of Life . Supervising Editor, D. M organ .
Plant Chimeras . By W. N eilson -J ones .
The Potatoes of Argentine, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, a Biosystematic Study . By J. G. H awkes and J. P. H jerting .
Towards an Understanding of the Mechanism of Heredity . By H. L. K. W hitehouse .
Viruses in Plant Hosts; Form, Distribution and Pathologic Effects . By K atherine E sau .
An Introduction to Industrial Mycology . By G eorge S mith .     

Species diversity in relation to ultramafic substrate and to altitude in southwestern New Zealand

Altitudinal trends in species diversity were examined on a New Zealand ultramafic mountain, and on nearby normal (schist) substrate. At lower altitudes, diversity is similar on the two substrates. On the ultramafic substrate, species diversity decreased with increasing altitude; on schist substrate the opposite trend was found. This difference was demonstrable in species richness, based on species presence/absence, and in indices of species diversity based on cover data (the ShannonH and the Simpson/Yule — InD). It is suggested that on ultramafics, altitudinal stress and soil conditions lead to a decrease in diversity with altitude. On schist, in contrast, the opening of the canopy with altitude is suggested to be the predominant influence, leading to an increase in diversity with altitude. Nomenclature: Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand, Vol I, Government Printer, Wellington; Mark, A. F. & Adams, N. M. 1986. New Zealand alpine plants. 2nd rev. Reed Methuen, Wellington; Connor, H. E. & Edgar, E. 1987. Name changes in the indigenous New Zealand Flora, 1960–1986 and Nomina Nova IV, 1983–1986, N.Z. Jl Bot. 25: 115–170; except where indicated.     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article: Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates. Vol. VI. Echinoderms and Lophophorates, edited by A. C. Giese, J. S. Pearse and V. B. Pearse. Pacific Grove, California, U.S.A. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History, by T. B. Larsen. The Land and Freshwater Molluscs of Suffolk, by I. J. Killeen. Ipswich, U.K. Flycatcher. Memoirs of an Amateur Entomologist by K. A. Spencer. Ecosystems of the World 24. Intertidal and Littoral Ecosystems, edited by A. C. Mathieson and P. H. Nienhuis. Revision of the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), by Helmut Zibrowius and Stephen D. Cairns. Paris: Mémoires du Musée Nationale d'Histoire Naturellee, 1992. Animals and Disease. An Introduction to the History of Comparative Medicine, by L. Wilkinson. The Inevitable Bond. Examining Scientist-Animal Interactions, edited by H. Davis and D. Balfour. Martin Lister's English Spiders (1678), edited by J. Parker and B. Harley (translated by M. Davies and B. Harley)). The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs, edited by P. F. Sale. San Diego, USA: The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity, by M. J. Scoble. Bats. A Community Perspective, by J. S. Findley. The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Second Edition. Botanical monkeys, by E. J. H. Corner. The Biology of Millipedes, by S. P. Hopkin and H. J. Read. Mammals in the Palaearctic Desert: Status and Trends in the Sahara-Gobian Region, edited by J. A. McNeely and V. M. Neronov. Coelenterate Biology: Recent Research on Cnidaria and Ctenophora, edited by R. B. Williams, P. F. S. Cornelius, R. G. Hughes and E. A. Robson. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991. Animal Behaviour, 4th ed., by A. Manning and M. S. Dawkins. Weevils, Naturalists' Handbook 16, by M. G. Morris. Insects on Cabbage and Oilseed Rape. Naturalists' Handbooks 18, by W. D. J. Kirk.     

云南被子植物8个省级分布新记录种北大核心CSCD

首次报道了云南省被子植物的8个省级分布新记录种,分别为三白草科的白苞裸蒴(Gymnotheca involucrata C.Pei)、金虎尾科的花江盾翅藤(Aspidopterys esquirolii H.Lév.)、豆科的柱序杭子梢(Campylotropis teretiracemosa P.C.Li&C.J.Chen)、石竹科的四川卷耳(Cerastium szechuense F.N.Williams)、报春花科的齿萼报春[Primula odontocalyx(Franch.)Pax],苦苣苔科的白花大苞苣苔[Anna ophiorrhizoides(Hemsl.)B.L.Burtt&R.A.Davidson]、唇形科的石荠苎[Mosla scabra(Thunb.)C.Y.Wu&H.W.Li]和菊科的华漏芦[Rhaponticum chinense(S.Moore)L.Martins&Hidalgo];凭证标本保存于云南大学植物标本馆(YUKU)。     

Review

Book Reviewed in this article:
Organelle Heredity. B y N icolas W. G illham .
Microbodies/Peroxisomen pflanzicher Zellen. By B. G erhardt .
Plant Metabolism. By G erhard R ichter .
Water in Plants Bibliography. Ed. by J. P ospisilova and J. S olarova .
Plant Growth Analysis. By R oderick H unt .
Progress in Botany. Morphology, Physiology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Geobotany. Ed. by H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. Merxmüller, E. S chnepf and H. Z iegler .
Organisation in Plants. By W. M. M. B aron .
Plant Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance. By G. E. R ussell .
Incompatibility in Angiosperms. By D. D e N ettancourt .
Soybean Physiology, Agronomy and Utilization. Ed. by A. G. N orman .
Flora of Turkey , Volume 6 ( Lobehaceae to Scrophulariaceae ). Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by J. R. E dmondson , R. R. M ill and B.S.P arris .
Tropical Trees and Forests. An Architectural Analysis. By F.H allé , R.A.A. O ldeman and P. B. T omlinson .
Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen. By H einz E llenberg .     

Mutants ofPhycomyceswith Decreased Gallic Acid Content

Weinkove, D., Poyatos, J. A., Greiner, H., Oltra, E., Avalos, J., Fukshansky, L., Barrero, A. F., and Cerdá-Olmedo, E. 1998. Mutants ofPhycomyceswith decreased gallic acid content.Fungal Genetics and Biology25, 196–203. Most plants and some fungi accumulate phenols. Two hydroxybenzoic acids, gallic and protocatechuic acids, are abundant in the giant sporangiophores of the zygomycetePhycomyces blakesleeanus,much more so than in the basal mycelium or the culture medium. The actual concentrations vary with illumination, age of the culture, and composition of the medium. We devised a simple screening procedure to isolatehbamutants whose sporangiophores contained less gallic acid than the wild type. The most useful mutant had very low concentrations of hydroxybenzoic acids in the sporangiophores, but about the same as the wild type in the basal mycelium and the medium. The mutant was only slightly different from the wild type in growth and morphology. Mutant and wild-type sporangiophores grew away from ultraviolet C sources (260 nm) equally well. Contrary to previous conjectures, ultraviolet tropism does not depend on the ultraviolet absorption of gallic acid or other free hydroxybenzoic acids in the sporangiophore. Against expectations, phenols did not impair DNA extraction: sporangiophores produced better DNA preparations than basal mycelia and thehbamutant only slightly better than the wild type.     

REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Flowering Plants, Origin and Dispersal . By A. T akhtajan. Translated from the Russian by C. J effrey.
Camellias of Japan . By T. T uyama.
Studies in Biology , No. 15. Developmental Plant Anatomy. By A lan R. G emmell.
Quaternary Ecology . Ed. by E. J. C ushing and H. E. W right J r .
Écologie appliquée à l'agriculture dans le nord vaudois . By K.-F. S chreiber. Translated from the German by M. V illard .
Welsh Ferns , 5th edn. By H. A. H yde and A. E. W ade .
Flora of Derbyshire . Ed. by A. R. C lapham .
Studies in Biology , No. 16. Plant Symbiosis. By G eorge D. S cott .     

Book reviews

Book Reviewed in this article Ecological Studies—Analysis and Synthesis, Volume 43. Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems—the Role of Nutrients Edited by F. J. Kruger, D. T. Mitchell and J. U. M. Jarvis Insect Ecology E. G. Mathews and R. L. Kitching Donald Thompson's Mammals and Fishes of Northern Australia Edited and annotated by Joan M. Dixon and Linda Huxley Grasses. A Guide to their Structure, Identification, Uses and Distribution in the British Isles. 3rd edition C. E. Hubbard, revised by J. C. E. Hubbard Soil Salinity Under Irrigation. Ecological Studies Number 51 Edited by I. Shainberg and J. Shalhevet Nothofagus cunninghamii (Southern Beech) Vegetation in Australia. Australian Flora and Fauna Series, Number 1 John R. Busby Sandy Beaches as Ecosystems. Developments in Hydrobiology 19 Edited by A. McLachlan and T. Erasmus, Dr W. Junk BV     

Sclerorhachis rechingeri (Asteraceae-Anthemideae), a new species from N. Khorasan

Sclerorhachis rechingeri Iranshahr, sp. n., from N. Khorasan is closely related to the Afghanistan speciesS. caulescens (Aitch. & Hemsl.)Rech. f. andS. polysphaera Rech. f. It differs from both in the thicker and woolly collar and the much larger capitulum.Vorarbeiten zuK. H. Rechinger, Flora Iranica, Nr. 21.