超干种子的膜功能与糖组分的研究

采用两相法分离种子质膜,研究超干处理对种子质膜ATP酶活力及膜流动性的影响.结果表明,白菜(Brassica pekinensis(Lour.)Rupr.)、榆树(Ulmus pumila L.)种子经超干处理后,在人工老化和自然老化条件下,与在-20℃条件下贮藏的种子比较,超干贮藏种子质膜ATP酶活力和微粘度无显著变化,过于贮藏种子的效应虽有所下降,但仍比高含水量室温贮藏的对照种子为好.此结果与超干种子具较高活力水平完全一致,说明超干贮藏种子保持了质膜的生理功能,因此提高了种子的耐藏性.高效液相色谱分析结果显示超干种子中还原糖/非还原糖的比值低于高含水量种子,积累的蔗糖、水苏糖含量与超干种子的耐干力有关.玉米(Zea mays L.)种子中不含水苏糖,这可能是玉米种子较其他种子耐干力下降的原因之一.     

超干红花种子抗老化作用及其机理

红花种子含水量（ＭＣ）降至５％以下,能显著提高抗老化劣变能力;在同等老化条件下,对照种子（ＭＣ＝９．０１％）活力已大幅度下降,而超干种子的活力保持不变,超干处理对红花种子脱氢酶,过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）及超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性均无明显影响。经同等老化处理后,超干种子脱氢酶活性明显高于对照种子。在同等老化条件下,当对照种子ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性明显下降时,超干种子仍保持较高活性。红花种子在超干老化处理后     

超干贮藏榆树种子萌发过程中ATP和可溶性糖含量的变化

经过超干（种子含水量3．73％）贮藏（普通室温下2个月）的榆树种子萌发过程中ATP与可溶性糖含量和ATP酶,淀粉酶,抗氧化酶的活性都高于对照（种子含水量9．34％,普通室温下贮藏）,说明适度的超干贮藏有利于保持种子活力。     

超干贮藏杜仲种子的研究

杜仲种子含水量降至３．５％以下,其耐藏力增强。经５０℃１０天人工加速老化后,表现出较强的抗老化能力。室温贮藏２年后,与５℃、－２０℃条件贮藏种子相比,发芽率、根长及活力指数等均无显著性差异。超干种子比对照种子（含水量７．５％,室温贮藏）电导率降低４５％;脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的积累减少;对脱氢酶活性的保持能力比常规种子增强。超干种子幼苗的吸氧量高于对照种子。经过氧化物酶同工酶谱分析,超干种     

超干贮藏提高梭梭种子的耐贮藏性

梭梭 (HaloxylonammodendronBge .)的种子为短命种子 ,在自然状态下 ,种子的含水量为 8.5 % ,寿命约为 10个月。将梭梭种子含水量降至 2 .5 %和 1.4% ,其耐贮藏力增强。经过 5 0℃下 5d和 10d的人工加速老化后 ,超干种子表现出较强的抗老化能力。与对照相比 ,超干种子具有较高的萌发率、活力指数及较长的根 ,其细胞膜具有较低的电导率和较高的脱氢酶活性     

超干贮藏提高梭梭种子的耐贮藏性

梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron Bge.)的种子为短命种子,在自然状态下,种子的含水量为8.5%,寿命约为10个月.将梭梭种子含水量降至2.5%和1.4%,其耐贮藏力增强.经过50 ℃下5 d和10 d的人工加速老化后,超干种子表现出较强的抗老化能力.与对照相比,超干种子具有较高的萌发率、活力指数及较长的根,其细胞膜具有较低的电导率和较高的脱氢酶活性.     

超干贮藏榆树种子萌发过程中ATP和可溶性糖含量的变化

经过超干(种子含水量3.73%)贮藏(普通室温下2个月)的榆树种子萌发过程中ATP与可溶性糖含量和ATP酶、淀粉酶、抗氧化酶的活性都高于对照(种子含水量9.34%,普通室温下贮臧),说明适度的超干贮藏有利于保持种子活力.     

超干贮藏对芥兰种子生活力和活力的影响

1年的监测结果显示：芥兰种子开放贮藏时的生活力和活力下降最快,超干种子(含水量为4．91％、3．25％和2．84％)具有良好的耐藏性,其种子发芽率和简化活力指数增大,抗老化能力、超氧物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性增强,膜进性降低,以2．84％含水量的芥兰种子贮藏效果为最好。     

超干红花种子抗老化作用及其机理

红花种子含水量（ＭＣ） 降至５ ％ 以下,能显著提高抗老化劣变能力;在同等老化条件下,对照种子（ ＭＣ＝ ９ ．０１ ％ ） 活力已大幅度下降,而超干种子（ＭＣ＝ ４ ．８４ ％ ～１ ．８８ ％ ）的活力保持不变。超干处理对红花种子脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ） 及超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ） 活性均无明显影响。经同等老化处理后,超干种子脱氢酶活性明显高于对照种子。在同等老化条件下,当对照种子ＣＡＴ 和ＳＯＤ 活性明显下降时,超干种子仍保持较高活性。红花种子在超干老化处理后,其胚中自由基水平相对地升高,超干种子经吸胀萌发前的回水处理,可使因老化导致的过多自由基及时得到清除,从而保证了超干种子能正常进入萌发状态。     

超干的榆树种子在加速老化过程中活力变化与染色体变异

榆树种子根尖细胞染色体畸变率随着种子生活力的下降而升高,榆树超干种子在３５℃人工老化条件下,能有效抑制其伴随时间推移而产生的生活力下降和染色体变异,使种子贮藏寿命明显延长,若待超干种子生活力也降到与对照同样水平时,其活力水平比对照低,染色体畸变频率比对照高,但这种情况的出现要向后推迟相当长的时间,因而超干贮藏的效果及其可行性仍属肯定。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.