西洋参总皂苷酶水解产物成分研究

西洋参总皂苷经β-糖苷酶催化水解,采用HPLC检测分析确定西洋参总皂苷中的主要原人参二醇型皂苷Rb1、Rd、Rc和Rb2已经完全被水解。水解产物通过反复硅胶柱层析和反向硅胶柱层析分离纯化得到7个皂苷,通过NMR谱图分析分别鉴定为人参皂苷compound K(1)、人参皂苷Mc(2)、人参皂苷Rg1(3)、人参皂苷Rg2(4)、人参皂苷Re(5)、人参皂苷F1(6)和拟人参皂苷F11(7)。β-糖苷酶催化西洋参总皂苷水解实验表明,西洋参中原人参二醇型皂苷的水解产物是人参皂苷compound K和人参皂苷Mc。     

人参茎叶总皂苷酶水解产物成分研究

人参茎叶提取物经β-糖苷酶催化水解后,经硅胶柱和RP-18柱反复层析纯化得8个化合物。通过波谱图分析及结合文献数据,分别鉴定为20(S)-达玛烷-3β,6α,12β,20,25-五醇(1)、人参皂苷compound K(2)、人参皂苷F1(3)、人参皂苷Rh13(4)、人参皂苷Rg2(5)、3β,20(S)-二羟基达玛烷-24-烯-12β,23β-环氧-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、人参皂苷Rg1(7)和人参皂苷Re(8)。其中化合物1为新的达玛烷皂苷元。化合物2为分离到仅有的原人参二醇型皂苷,表明该β-糖苷酶高效转化人参茎叶的原人参二醇型皂苷为人参皂苷compound K。     

Water-Soluble Constituents of Cudrania tricuspidata （Carr.） Bur.

In order to find new structural and biologically active compounds, the constituents of the bark of Cudrania tricuspidata （Carr.） Bur. were investigated and a new 6-p-hydroxybenzyltaxifolin glucoside, named tricusposide （compound 1）, together with 16 known compounds, was isolated by solvent partition, macroporous adsorption resin AB-8, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. Using spectroscopic methods, the structures of the compounds were elucidated as 6-p-hydroxybenzyl taxifolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside （compound 1）, dihydroquerctin-7-O-β-D-glucoside （compound 2）, dihydrokaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside （compound 3）, dihydroquercetin （compound 4）, peonoside （compound 5）, sphaerobioside （compound 6）, quercimeritrin （compound 7）, genistein （compound 8）, aromadendrin （compound 9）, kaempferol （compound 10）, genistin （compound 11）, 3,4-dihydroxystyryl alcohol （compound 12）, sucrose （compound 13）, 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone （compound 14）, gericudranin E （compound 15）, gericudranin C （compound 16）, and orobol （compound 17）. Compounds 2-6, 8, 9, 12-14, and 17 were isolated from this genus for the first time.     

A Diterpene Endoperoxide from Microtoena insuavis （Hance） Prain ex Dunn

A novel endoperoxlde diterpene, 7a-hydroxy-abieta-8（14）-en-18-oi 9α,13α-endoperoxide （compound 1）, was isolated from the stems of Microtoena insuavis （Hance） Prain ex Dunn, along with 4,4＇-dlhydroxytruxillic acid （compound 2）, gallic acid （compound 3）, ellaglc acid （compound 4）, 3-O-methylellaglc acid 3＇-O-α- rhamnopyranoslde （compound 5）, 3＂＇-O-methylcrenatoslde （compound 6）, crenatoslde （compound 7）, aptgenin （compound 8）, succinic acid （compound 9）, β-sitosterot （compound 10）, and β-daucosterol （compound 11）. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence.     

A New Pregnane from Munronia delavayi Franc （Meliaceae）

To search for pharmacologically active constituents of folk medicine, a new pregnane, 2α,3α,15β-trihydroxy-20（S）-tigloyl-pregnane （compound 1）, and nine known compounds, geranylgeraniol （compound 2）, β-daucosterol （compound 3）, 6-hydroxystigmast-4oen-3-one （compound 4）, sitoindoside Ⅰ （compound 5）, sitoindoside Ⅱ （compound 6）, β-sitosterol （compound 7）, kaempferol （compound 8）, quercetin （compound 9）, and rutin （compound 10）, were isolated from the ethanol extract of whole plants of Munronia delavayi Franch using chromatographic methods. The structures of compounds 1-10 were elucidated on the basis of spectral data.     

New Isoflavonoid Glycosides from the Rhizomes of Iris leptophylla Lingelsh.

Two new isoflavonoid glucosides, 5-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-isoflavone-4＇-O-D-glucopyranosyl （2→〉l）-L-rhamnoside （irilone-bioside） （compound 1） and 5,4＇-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone-3＇-O-β-D-glucoside （irisleptophyllidin） （compound 2）, together with five known compounds, nigricanin- 4＇-O-β-D-glucoside （compound 3）, irifloside （compound 4）, irigenin （compound 5）, 5, 3＇, 4＇-trimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone （compound 6）, and nigricanin （compound 7） were isolated from the alcoholic extract of rhizomes of Iris leptophylla Lingelsh. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

A Novel Flavonoid Glucoside from Anoectochilus roxburghii （Wall,） Lindl.

Eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate- and n-butanol-soluble fractions of the ethanollc extract of the whole plant of Anoectochllus roxburghll（Wali.） Lindi. （Orchidaceee）. On the basis of spectroscopic methods, the structures of these compounds were elucidated as quercetin-7-O-β-D-[6＂-O-（trans-feruloyi）]- giucopyranosids （compound 1）, 8-C-p-HydroxybenzyiquerceUn （compound 2）, isorhamnetin-7-O-β-D- giucopyranoside （compound 3）, isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-giucopyranoside （compound 4）, kaempferoi-3-O-β-D- giucopyranoside （compound 5）, kaempferoi-7-O-β-D-giucopyranoside （compound 6）, 5-hydroxy-3＇,4＇,7- trimethoxyfiavonoi-3-O-β-D-rutinoside （compound 7）, and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside （compound 8）. Of the compounds isoisted, compound 1 was a new flavonoid giucoside and exhibited strong scavenging activity against the 1,1-diphenyi-2-picryihydrazyi free radical, whereas the ethanolic extract showed weak activity. Compounds 2-8 were obtained from this family for the first time.     

Iridoid Glycosides from Pedicularis dolichocymba Hand.-Mazz.

During investigation of the chemical constituents of the whole plant ethanol extract of Pedlcularis dollchocymba Hand.-Mazz. （Scrophularlaceae）, four new irldold glycosides, dolichocymbosides A （compound 1）, B （compound 2）, C （compound 3） and D （compound 4）, were Isolated. Their structures were determined based on spectral data Including 1D and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （^1H-^1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, ROESY） and FAB-MS.     

Chemical Constituents of Daphne giraldii Nitsche

In a search for structurally interesting substances from traditional Chinese medicines, eight compounds were isolated from an ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Daphne giraldii Nitsche. On the basis of one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data, and chemical methods, their structures were determined to be 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one-8-hydroxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5-（2-oxo- 2H-1-benzopyran-7-hydroxy-8-yloxy） （compound 1）, 1-pentanone, 1-（4-hydroxyphenyl）-5-phenyl （compound 2）, octadecyl caffeate （compound 3）, （＋）syringaresinol-4,4＇-diglycoside （compound 4）, daphnetin-8-O-β-D- glucopyranoside （compound 5）, p-hydroxybenzoic acid （compound 6）, 7,7＇-dihydroxy-[6, 8＇-bi-2H-benzopyran]- 2, 2＇-dione （compound 7）, and daphnorin （compound 8）, respectively. Of the compounds isolated, compounds 1 and 2, which we named daphnolin and daphnolon, respectively, were new, and the others were obtained from this plant for the first time.     

人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1和Re对人慢性粒细胞白血病细胞株K562增殖的影响

目前已发现30余种人参皂苷单体,不同的人参皂苷单体的药理作用及机制各异。本实验通过研究人参皂苷单体Rg1、Rb1和Re对K562细胞增殖的影响,探讨其抗肿瘤作用及机制。取对数生长期K562细胞,分为阴性对照组、不同浓度的Rg1组、Rb1组、Re组,培养24h、48h、72h,以噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法和台盼蓝活细胞计数法测定不同浓度的Rg1、Rb1、     

Two New Triterpenoid Saponins from Akebia quinata （Thunb.） Decne.

Two new triterpenoid saponins, hederagenin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside named akeboside La （compound 1）, oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-β-D-glucopyranoside named akeboside Lb （compound 2）, along with five known saponins, oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L- arabinopyranoside （compound 3）, hederagenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside （compound 4）, oleanolic acid 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→〉3）-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside （compound 5）, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉4）-α-D- glucopyranosyl-（1→〉6）-β-D-glucopyranoside （compound 6）, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉2）-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-（1→〉4）-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→〉6）-β-D-glucopyranoside （compound 7） were isolated from the n-butanol part of the 80% ethanol extracts of the dried stems of Akebia quinata （Thunb.） Decne. Compound 5 was isolated from plants of genus Akebia for the first time. The structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data.     

Biotransformation of 4-Hydroxybenzen Derivatives by Hairy Root Cultures of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

The biotransformation of four 4-hydroxybenzen derivatives （1,4-benzenediol （compound 1）, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde （compound 2）, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol （compound 3） and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid （compound 4）） by the hairy root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. as a new biocatalyst was investigated. It was found that the substrates were transformed to their corresponding glucosides, 4-hydroxyphenyl β-D-glucopyranoside （arbutin, compound la）, 4-hydroxymethylphenyl β-D-glucopyranoside （gastrodin, compounds 2a, 3a） and 4-carboxyphenyl α-D- glucopyranoside （compound 4a）, respectively. In the meantime, the hairy roots of P. multiflorum were able to stereoselectively and regioselectively glucosylate phenolic hydroxyl groups of compounds 1-4, but the cultures could not glucosylate the aldehyde group of compound 2 or the benzyllc hydroxyl group of compound 3, and no glucosyl esterification of carboxyl groups of compound 4 was detected. On the other hand, the result also showed that the hairy roots of P. multiflorum were able to reduce the 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde to its corresponding alcohol. This is the first report that substrate 4 has been converted into its α-D-glucopyranoside by a plant biotransformα- tion system.     

Two New Isoprenylated Stilbenes from Artocarpus chama

Two new stllbenes with two Isoprenoid groups, namely artostllbenes A （compound 1） and B （compound 2）, were Isolated from the stems of Arfocarpus chama Buch.-Ham. by repeated column chromatography. The＆ structures were elucldated as （E）-4-[2-（7-meth-xy-2-2-d-methy-6-（3-methy-but-2-eny-）-2H-1-benz-pyran-5-y-）v-ny-]benzene-1- 2-dlol （compound 1） and （Z）-4-[2-（7-meth-xy-2-2-dimethy--6-（3-methy-but-2-eny-）-2H-1-benz-pyran-5-y-）v-ny-]ben- zene-l,2-dlol （compound 2） by spectroscopic methods, mainly by 1D-, 2D-NMR and MS spectra. Compounds 1 and 2 are two cls- and trans-lsomers and compound 2 is the flrst cis-stllbene isolated from Moraceous plants.     

野生人参最佳生态位的研究

野生人参最佳生态位的研究吴德成,陆兆华,张国君（黑龙江省科学院自然资源究研所）（柴河林业局）人参（ＰａｎａｘｇｉｎｓｅｎｇＣ．Ａ．Ｍｅｙｅｒ）是五加科多年生宿根草本药用植物。野生人参天然分布于北美、中亚及东亚。亚洲东部天然分布于红松阔叶林区,主产地为...     

Cyclopeptidic Constituents from Arenaria oreophila J. D. Hooker （Caryophyllaceae）

To further investigate the cyclopeptldes of the Caryophyllaceae family, two new cyclopeptldes, named Arenarlphilin E （compound 1） and Arenariphilin F （compound 2）, were obtained from Arenaria oreophUe J. D. Hooker using some Isolation methods, e. g. normal and reverse silica gel. By detailed spectroscopic analysis, such as FAB^＋-MS, 1 D NMR, 2D NMR, the structures of Arenariphilin E （compound 1） and Arenariphilln F （compound 2） were determined as cyclo（lle^1-Gly-Val^1-Ala-Leu-lle^3-lle^2-Val^2-Pro） and cyclo（Pro^2-Pro^1-Gly^2-lle-Val-Leu-Gly^1-AiaThr- Gly^3）, respectively.     

New Cytotoxic Saponins from Lysimachia davurica Ledeb.

To investigate the saponins from whole plants of Lysimachia davurica Ledeb., two new saponins named davuricoside I （compound 1） and E （compound 2） were isolated. Their chemical structures were elucidated as 3β, 16α, 28, 29-tetrihydroxy-olean-12-en-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-β-D-glucuronopyranoside （compound 1） and 3β, 16α, 29-trihydroxy-13, 28-epoxy-oleanane-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-β-D-glucuronopyranoside （compound 2） on the basis of their one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data, and chemical methods. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activity against human A2780 cells.     

三七总皂苷酶水解产物成分研究

为了研究葡萄糖苷酶催化三七提取物的水解产物中主要皂苷成分。采用色谱法从三七提取物水解产物中分离纯化得到11个皂苷成分。利用波谱解析确定了它们的结构,分别鉴定为20(S)-原人参二醇-20-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),以及10个已知的皂苷成分分别为:人参皂苷compound K(2)、3β,12β,20(S),25-四羟基达玛-23-烯-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、3β,20(S)-二羟基达玛-24-烯-12β,23β-环氧-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、3β,12β,20(S)-三羟基-25-过氧羟基达玛-23-烯-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、人参皂苷F1(6)、人参皂苷Rg1(7)、人参皂苷Rg2(8)、人参皂苷Mc(9)、20(S)-原人参二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)和人参皂苷Re(11)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物3~5和10为首次从三七中被分离得到。     

Two New Coumarins from Fraxinus chinensis Rexb.

The ethanol extract of the stem bark of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. showed good inhibitory bioactivity against VEGF receptor-1 kinase （IC50：13.8 μg/mL）. In order to find new and bioactive compounds, the chemical constituents of the stem bark of F. chinensis were investigated and two new coumarins, namely 6＇-O-sinapinoyl esculin （compound 1） and 6＇-O-vanillyl esculin （compound 2）, together with eleven known compounds （compounds 3-13） were isolated. The structures of the two new compounds were identified by their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis, particularly one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectral methods. The known compound, oleuropein （compound 11）, exhibited moderate activity （IC50：（8.7 ± 1.3） μmol/L） to inhibit VEGF receptor- 1 kinase.     

西洋参冠瘿组织悬浮培养及其人参皂苷类成分的分离

对西洋参冠瘿组织悬浮培养生长特征进行了考察,并对其悬浮培养物中的人参皂苷类成分进行了提取、分离和鉴定。研究得到了培养物最大生物量收获时间［18.62 g/L(dry weight)］及其中最高人参皂苷累积时间（620.4 mg/L on the 27thday）。培养基中碳源、磷、氨基氮、硝基氮的利用率分别为91.8%, 100%, 81% 和97%。利用现代分离纯化方法从培养物中分离得到了4种人参皂苷类成分,利用理化及谱学技术分别鉴定为假人参皂苷F11（pseudoginsenoside F₁₁,Ⅰ）, 人参皂苷Rd（ginsenoside Rd,Ⅱ）, 人参皂苷Rb1（ginsenoside Rb1 ,Ⅲ）和人参皂苷Rb3（ginsenoside Rb3,Ⅳ）。     

4种人参属植物基因组大小的测定

人参属（Panax）植物是重要的药用植物资源。以水稻（Oryzasativa）为内标,利用流式细胞术测定了三七（Panaxnotoginseng）、屏边三七（Panaxstipuleanatus）、越南三七（Panaxvietnamensis）及假人参（几n似pse“doginseng）4种人参属植物的基因组大小。结果表明,4种植物的基因组大小各不相同,其中。三七的最大,而屏边三七的最小。本组数据将为该属植物的基因组学研究以及种群进化研究提供基础数据参考。