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磷脂酶D(PLD)基因的结构、表达及其表达产物在信号转导中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磷脂酶D(PLD EC 3.1.4.4)水解磷脂(PL),磷脂构成生物膜的骨架, 磷脂酶的激活不仅对细胞的结构和稳定性有很重要的作用,而且调控许多重要的细胞生理功能,例如PLD在信号转导、小泡运输、有丝分裂 、激素作用的发挥、细胞骨架组装、防御反应以及种子萌发和衰老过程中都起重要作用。近年来它在跨膜信号转导中的重要作用,越来越引起人们的重视,成为新的研究热点。介绍了磷脂酶基因的结构特点、亚细胞定位、表达的激活抑制以及其表达产物作为胞内信号分子在植物信号转导中的重要作用。 相似文献
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磷脂酶 D(PLD)是一种分解磷脂的多功能酶,磷脂酶可激活调控许多重要的细胞生理功能,在信号转导、小泡运输、有丝分裂、激素作用的发挥、细胞骨架组装、防御反应以及种子萌发和衰老过程中都起重要作用.主要介绍了磷脂酶基因的生化特性及在植物信号转导中的作用. 相似文献
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《生命科学》2017,(6)
磷脂酶C(phospholipase C,PLC)是一类重要的水解酶,根据作用底物的不同可主要区分为磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷脂酶C(phosphoinositide-specific PLC,PI-PLC)和非特异性磷脂酶C(non-specific PLC,NPC)。在植物细胞的信号转导中,PLC及其产物均发挥重要的媒介作用。不同于动物细胞,植物细胞中的六磷酸肌醇(inositol hexaphosphate,IP_6)和磷脂酸(phosphatidic acid,PA)被认为是传递植物磷脂信号的主要成员。现概述磷脂酶C的结构、家族成员的分类以及它们在细胞信号转导过程中发挥的作用,并对相关领域今后的研究方向提出展望。 相似文献
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孙大千董金晔李洋肖红庆徐赫韩李海燕王法微 《生物技术》2017,(1):92-97
磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷脂酶C是能够水解磷脂进而生成二酰甘油和三磷酸肌醇(两种钙离子信号转导途径中的第二信使)的一种酶。在动物中研究得很透彻,含有EF手性结构域、XY催化结构域、与磷脂结合的C2结构域以及高度保守的pleckstrin同源性(PH)域,每个结构域具有各自的相应的功能;但是植物中并不含有pleckstrin同源性(PH)域,而且在植物中发现C2结构域可以在不含有XY催化结构域和EF手型结构域情况下,单独行使结合细胞质膜的功能。近些年来,一些研究也证明了磷脂酶C在植物逆境胁迫中起着重要的调控作用。该文对磷脂酶C的结构与功能及其作用机制进行概述。 相似文献
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将磷脂酰胆碱专一性磷脂酶D2基因及其功能缺陷点突变基因 (K75 8R)从真核表达载体pCGN中克隆至带有绿色荧光标记蛋白的穿梭质粒pAdTrack CMV中 ;再与腺病毒骨架载体一起在大肠杆菌BJ5183中进行同源重组 ,成功构建磷脂酶D2重组腺病毒。该病毒颗粒感染人胚肾 2 93细胞 ,高效表达磷脂酶D2及其功能缺陷蛋白。这种表达对M3乙酰胆碱受体介导的细胞内磷脂酶D激活无影响。但磷脂酶D2功能缺陷蛋白对蛋白激酶C介导的胞内磷脂酶D激活有显著抑制作用 ;相反 ,磷脂酶D2蛋白有显著增强作用。结果表明 相似文献
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磷脂酶D的细胞信号转导作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磷脂酶D(PLD)是一类重要的跨膜信号转导酶类.分别由一个基因家族的不同成员编码.植物PLD的总体域结构相似,只是不同类型之间在某些单元上有重要差异.它们各具独特的生物化学特性.不同的PLD在不同的胁迫类型启动的特定的细胞过程中执行独特的细胞信号转导功能.PLD与其它磷脂酶及Ca2 信使之间有交互作用,形成复杂的信号转导网络.这一网络在不同植物种类、器官、组织和细胞类型中表现出特异性.文章最后讨论了PLD研究中有待揭示的问题并展望了今后的发展方向. 相似文献
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Localization and possible functions of phospholipase D isozymes. 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
The activation of PLD is believed to play an important role in the regulation of cell function and cell fate by extracellular signal molecules. Multiple PLD activities have been characterized in mammalian cells and, more recently, several PLD genes have been cloned. Current evidence indicates that diverse PLD activities are localized in most, if not all, cellular organelles, where they are likely to subserve different functions in signal transduction, membrane vesicle trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics. 相似文献
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Mordechai Liscovitch Malgorzata Czarny Giusy Fiucci Yaakov Lavie Xiaoqing Tang 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids》1999,1439(2):245-263
The activation of PLD is believed to play an important role in the regulation of cell function and cell fate by extracellular signal molecules. Multiple PLD activities have been characterized in mammalian cells and, more recently, several PLD genes have been cloned. Current evidence indicates that diverse PLD activities are localized in most, if not all, cellular organelles, where they are likely to subserve different functions in signal transduction, membrane vesicle trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics. 相似文献
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Phospholipase D Stimulates Release of Nascent Secretory Vesicles from the trans-Golgi Network 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
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Ye-Guang Chen Anirban Siddhanta Cary D. Austin Scott M. Hammond Tsung-Chang Sung Michael A. Frohman Andrew J. Morris Dennis Shields 《The Journal of cell biology》1997,138(3):495-504
Phospholipase D (PLD) is a phospholipid hydrolyzing enzyme whose activation has been implicated in mediating signal transduction pathways, cell growth, and membrane trafficking in mammalian cells. Several laboratories have demonstrated that small GTP-binding proteins including ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) can stimulate PLD activity in vitro and an ARF-activated PLD activity has been found in Golgi membranes. Since ARF-1 has also been shown to enhance release of nascent secretory vesicles from the TGN of endocrine cells, we hypothesized that this reaction occurred via PLD activation. Using a permeabilized cell system derived from growth hormone and prolactin-secreting pituitary GH3 cells, we demonstrate that immunoaffinity-purified human PLD1 stimulated nascent secretory vesicle budding from the TGN approximately twofold. In contrast, a similarly purified but enzymatically inactive mutant form of PLD1, designated Lys898Arg, had no effect on vesicle budding when added to the permeabilized cells. The release of nascent secretory vesicles from the TGN was sensitive to 1% 1-butanol, a concentration that inhibited PLD-catalyzed formation of phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, ARF-1 stimulated endogenous PLD activity in Golgi membranes approximately threefold and this activation correlated with its enhancement of vesicle budding. Our results suggest that ARF regulation of PLD activity plays an important role in the release of nascent secretory vesicles from the TGN. 相似文献
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磷脂酶Dβ在拟南芥低温信号中的转导作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磷脂酶D(PLD)不仅是植物中一类主要的磷脂水解酶,而且是一类重要的跨膜信号转导酶类.PLD的磷脂降解功能和信号转导功能均影响植物的抗冻性.本研究以PLDβ基因被敲除的拟南芥突变体及其野生型植株为材料,进行低温驯化和冻害胁迫处理,并分析其作用途径.结果表明,PLDβ基因介导低温信号转导作用,参与渗透调节途径中脯氨酸的调控和抗氧化系统中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的调控,并且与低温信号激素ABA不在同一条信号转导途径.本研究为探索通过调控PLD的活性提高植物抗冻性提供了新的途径,并为深入揭示植物的抗冻机理以及磷脂信号转导机制提供实验支持. 相似文献
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Phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is an important enzyme involved in lipid signal transduction in eukaryotes. A role for PLD1 in signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined. Pheromone response in yeast is controlled by a well-characterized protein kinase cascade. Loss of PLD1 activity was found to impair pheromone-induced changes in cellular morphology that result in formation of mating projections. The rate at which projections appeared following pheromone treatment was delayed, suggesting that PLD1 facilitates the execution of a rate-limiting step in morphogenesis. Mutants were found to be less sensitive to pheromone, again arguing that PLD1 is acting at a rate-limiting step. The fact that morphogenesis is most dramatically affected indicates that PLD1 functions primarily in the morphogenic branch of the pheromone response pathway. 相似文献