日本三角涡虫热休克蛋白70(DjHSP70)C-端多肽表达及其抗血清制备

首先运用在线生物学软件对日本三角涡虫(Degusia japonica)热休克蛋白70(DjHSP70)氨基酸序列进行亲水区分析,发现该蛋白C-端含有较多亲水性氨基酸,然后以该段多肽序列为基础构建原核表达载体.采用PCR方法扩增450 bp cDNA片段,编码DjHSP70 C-端150个氨基酸多肽.将双酶切的cDNA...     

异色瓢虫热休克蛋白70基因的克隆与分析

本研究通过RT-PCR和RACE方法,首次克隆了异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)热休克蛋白70(HSP70)cDNA全序列(GenBank登录号:EF668009).获得的cDNA全长2200 bp,其中开放阅读框1956 bp,编码一个651氨基酸的蛋白,计算分子量为70 kDa,等电点(PI)为5.32.同源序列比对结果表明,异色瓢虫HSP70与其它真核生物的HSP/HSC70有着较高的序列同源性(85%～93%).其中与赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum热休克蛋白70(HSP70)同源性最高,达到93%.与其它真核生物HSP70一样,该序列包含真核生物HSP70高度保守的全部三个家族标签以及ATP/GTP结合位点、一个Bipartive nuclear localization signal和细胞核定位信号.     

东亚三角涡虫Rab蛋白cDNA序列的克隆与生物信息学分析

通过构建东亚三角涡虫(Dujesia japonica)cDNA文库,随机挑选重组阳性克隆进行测序,对部分序列进行引物步移法测序,获得1个三角涡虫新基因——Rab蛋白基因(DjR),涡虫Rab蛋白cDNA全长2 141 bp,开放性阅读框(ORF)621bp,编码206个氨基酸,相对分子量为23.1 kD,等电点6.59,属亲水性蛋白,主要定位于细胞质中,在氨基酸第20和21位之间有信号肽剪切位点。有8个磷酸化位点。含有小G蛋白家族5个保守的鸟苷酸结合区域。同源性比较分析结果表明,其碱基序列与已经报道的其他23个物种的相似性为53%-90%,且符合种属之间的进化关系。     

双齿围沙蚕诱导型热休克蛋白70基因的克隆及Cu胁迫下的表达分析

本研究主要评估了双齿围沙蚕热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因的分子特征,记录了其对于液态Cu²⁺胁迫的基因表达情况,并通过测序获得的HSP70 cDNA序列与其他沙蚕及无脊椎动物HSP70同源性比对来判定蛋白特性.结果表明: 该HSP70基因全长cDNA序列共2161 bp,包括5′非翻译区48 bp,3′非翻译区142 bp,一个多聚腺苷酸信号序列(AATAAA)和Poly A尾巴以及开放阅读框1971 bp.阅读框共编码656个氨基酸,总分子量为71.43 kD,理论等电点为5.15.该氨基酸序列中含有HSP70家族的3个签名序列——IDLGTTYS、IFDLGGGTFDVSIL和IVLVGGSTRIPKIQK,以及细胞质特异性调控基序EEVD,C端重复序列GGMP.同源性分析表明,本研究所获双齿围沙蚕HSP70氨基酸序列与已报道的序列相似性高达94%,与其他无脊椎生物的HSP70相似性也高达79%以上.荧光实时定量PCR分析表明,Cu²⁺(0.2～5.0 mg·L^-1)胁迫能够显著诱导沙蚕HSP70 mRNA表达,并于1 d后达到峰值.本研究系统描述了双齿围沙蚕HSP70的分子特性,其可被液态Cu²⁺诱导表达,具备作为环境污染分子生物标记物的潜力.     

马铃薯甲虫热激蛋白基因Ld-HSP60的克隆、序列分析及温度胁迫下的表达

【目的】马铃薯甲虫Leptinotarsa decemlineata是一种世界性检疫害虫,对温度胁迫具有极强的适应性,为进一步明确其对温度胁迫适应性的分子机制,研究了热激蛋白HSP60在马铃薯甲虫温度胁迫应答过程中的作用。【方法】采用RT-PCR及RACE技术克隆马铃薯甲虫热激蛋白HSP60基因的cDNA全长序列;利用生物信息学软件分析该基因及其编码蛋白质的序列特性;运用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析该基因在温度胁迫下的表达模式。【结果】克隆得到马铃薯甲虫热激蛋白HSP60基因,命名为Ld-HSP60(Gen Bank登录号:KC556801),其cDNA全长2 234 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)长1 731 bp,编码576个氨基酸,相对分子量约为61.27 kD,理论等电点为5.51,5'端非翻译区(UTR)长101 bp,3'UTR长402 bp。氨基酸序列中含有HSP60家族典型的特征序列。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,低温胁迫(-10和0℃)下未检测到马铃薯甲虫雌雄成虫中Ld-HSP60的诱导表达;高温胁迫(38和44℃)诱导马铃薯甲虫雄成虫Ld-HSP60上调表达,随着胁迫温度的升高LdHSP60表达量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,38℃高温胁迫下表达量最高,胁迫时间越长Ld-HSP60表达量也越高。【结论】相比其他热激蛋白,HSP60对温度敏感性较低,推测HSP60可能在马铃薯甲虫雄成虫抵御高温胁迫中发挥作用。     

二化螟热休克蛋白70基因的克隆及热胁迫下的表达分析

热休克蛋白70是已知热休克蛋白家族中最重要的一种, 它在细胞内的大量表达可以明显改善细胞的生存能力, 提高对环境胁迫的耐受性。为探讨热胁迫对二化螟Chilo suppressalis幼虫热休克蛋白70表达的影响, 采用RT-PCR及RACE技术从二化螟血淋巴细胞中克隆了热休克蛋白70基因全长cDNA序列。该基因全长2 102 bp, 开放阅读框 (open reading frame, ORF)为1 959 bp, 编码652个氨基酸; 5′非编码区（untranslated region, UTR)为81 bp, 3′UTR为62 bp。从该基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他昆虫的同源序列比较有很高的相似性（73%~97%)。实时定量PCR显示二化螟HSP70基因能被热胁迫诱导表达, 幼虫血淋巴细胞的HSP70基因在36℃时表达量最高。流式细胞术研究发现HSP70在蛋白质水平上的表达变化与在mRNA水平上高度一致, 说明二化螟HSP70基因在转录及翻译水平上受到热应激的调节。     

一种新的昆虫热诱导型HSP70基因的克隆与表达分析

【目的】西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)是一种重要的外来有害生物,已在我国多个省份发现危害,且有向南北两端继续扩张的趋势。HSP70是热激蛋白家族中最重要的一类成员,在昆虫温度耐受性中发挥重要的作用。本研究旨在明确不同性别的西花蓟马成虫在受到高低温胁迫时其HSP70家族的表达差异,进一步探讨西花蓟马对环境适应的分子机理,为其防控提供理论依据。【方法】首先,应用RT-PCR及RACE技术从西花蓟马中克隆得到HSP70基因;其次,对该基因组进行验证,得到基因组序列,并分析内含子的位置及大小;最后,通过实时定量PCR技术分析得到的西花蓟马HSP70的表达模式。【结果】本研究克隆得到的西花蓟马HSP70基因命名为Fohsp703(GenBank登录号:KY914546),该基因全长2106bp,开放阅读框2040bp,编码679个氨基酸,推测分子量为73.6ku。FoHSP703的氨基酸序列中含有3个HSP70家族签名序列,说明它是热激蛋白家族成员;但是,FoHSP703的蛋白序列以APAA结尾,而且多序列比对与系统发育分析均表明,FoHSP703不同于现在已鉴定出的其它昆虫的HSP70。基因组结构分析发现,Fohsp703不含有内含子,在高低温胁迫下能够被诱导并且显著表达,而且雌虫的表达量高于雄虫,分别在37℃和-12℃达到最大值。【结论】本研究的西花蓟马HSP70(FoHSP703)是一种新的昆虫热诱导型HSP70,在西花蓟马温度耐受性中起着重要的作用。     

马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)Pm-HSP70基因的克隆及其对温度胁迫的响应

本实验利用RACE技术克隆获得了马氏珠母贝HSP70 (Pm-HSP70)基因,并对其基因和氨基酸序列结构特征进行了生物信息学分析,同时采用荧光定量PCR技术分析了该基因在不同组织的表达模式及不同温度下的时序表达模式。序列分析表明,Pm-HSP70 cDNA序列全长为2 215 bp,其中开放式阅读框1 899 bp,5'UTR 107 bp,3'UTR 209 bp,编码632个氨基酸,理论蛋白分子量为69.44 kD,理论等电点为5.61。该蛋白具有HSP70家族典型的结构域HSP70,以及ATP结合位点、细胞质特征性保守序列和3个HSP70家族标签。多序列比对结果表明Pm-HSP70与菲律宾蛤仔HSP70同源性最高,为80%;系统进化分析发现,Pm-HSP70与菲律宾蛤仔等贝类HSP70聚为一支。组织表达定量分析结果显示,Pm-HSP70在马氏珠母贝多个组织中均有表达,在肝胰腺中表达量最高,其次是性腺;对不同温度下鳃组织中Pm-HSP70的时序表达分析发现,在处理后各时间点高温组(32℃)基因表达水平最高,且均显著高于对照组(22℃)和低温组(17℃)。以上结果表明Pm-HSP70可能参与马氏珠母贝的高温胁迫响应。该研究为进一步探索Pm-HSP70在马氏珠母贝温度适应性中的作用提供了基础资料。     

决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的克隆及其原核表达载体构建

[目的]克隆决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂全长cDNA序列,并构建原核表达载体。[方法]从决明种子中提取胰蛋白酶抑制剂总RNA,通过RT-PCR得到胰蛋白酶抑制剂cDNA,纯化后与PMD19-T载体连接,转化至大肠杆菌DH5α,获得了决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的全长序列,并将该序列克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,构建重组质粒pET-28a(+)/COTI。[结果]决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因核苷酸长度为630bp,编码一条长度为209个氨基酸的多肽。决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂与不同植物来源的Kunitz蛋白酶抑制剂有高度的同源性,表明其属于Kunitz蛋白酶抑制剂家族成员。所获重组质粒pET-28a(+)/COTI经过双酶切鉴定,其含有目的片段,且重组质粒构建正确。[结论]克隆了决明胰蛋白酶抑制剂的全长cDNA序列,并成功构建了含有该基因的原核表达载体,这为该基因的进一步表达及功能鉴定奠定了基础。     

TNF-a在乳鼠心肌细胞中诱导HSP70蛋白表达的研究

热休克蛋白70 (HSP70) 在细胞修复、存活和维持细胞正常功能方面有着重要作用。作为分子伴侣,它起着心肌保护的作用。已经对重症心脏病人的心肌组织进行了蛋白组学研究,得到了HSP70在心衰病人心肌组织中较正常人心肌组织表达升高的结论,并且在血液中得到了进一步的验证。在进一步的离体细胞实验中用不同剂量的肿瘤坏死因子-alpha (TNF-α) 刺激乳鼠心肌细胞,以观察不同时间点HSP70的动态表达情况。培养乳鼠心肌细胞,分别对细胞进行热休克（42 ℃）、TNF-α和缺血缺氧处理,在不同的时间点收获细胞,以观察HSP70的动态表达情况。用免疫化学、ELISA以及Western blotting的方法对HSP70蛋白进行分析。结果表明,在正常对照细胞中基本没有阳性信号出现,而在经缺血缺氧、热休克（42 ℃）以及TNF-α处理的细胞中有明显的阳性表达。以上研究首次在乳鼠心肌细胞中证明TNF-α诱导的HSP70表达具有时间和浓度依赖性。通过运用TNF-α对HSP70蛋白表达影响的研究,初步推断HSP70的表达模式,为体内诱导产生HSP70从而发挥心肌保护作用的研究提供一定的理论基础。     

Elevated serum levels of heat shock protein 70 can be detected after radiofrequency ablation

Due to their adjuvant effect and their ability to chaperone tumor-associated peptides, heat shock proteins constitute a potent alarm signal for the immune system and can lead to activation of anti-tumor T-cell immunity. Radiofrequency ablation has been reported to induce heat shock protein expression especially that of heat shock protein 70 in sublethally damaged tumor cells. In this study, we evaluated the release of heat shock protein 70 into the serum of cancer-bearing patients directly after radiofrequency ablation. Sera of 22 patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of primary and secondary malignancies of the liver, kidney, and lung, as well as control sera of 20 patients undergoing diagnostic liver biopsy were analyzed using a manufactured heat shock protein 70 ELISA. A significant increase in serum levels of heat shock protein 70 was detectable in the patient cohort 1 day after radiofrequency ablation. More than a twofold increase was observed in nine out of 22 patients, which tended to correlate with favorable clinical outcome. No patient of the control group revealed a comparable increase. Radiofrequency ablation can lead to a release of heat shock protein 70 into the serum, which is transiently detectable 1 day after treatment. Elevated heat shock protein 70 serum levels may constitute a biomarker for favorable clinical outcome.     

Molecular characterization and gene evolution of the heat shock protein 70 gene in snakehead fish with different tolerances to temperature

Temperature tolerances (including lethal limits) and associated rates of thermal acclimation of fish are critical information in predicting fish responses to global climate changes. In this study, a partial sequence of the heat shock protein 70 gene (HSP70) from the fish species Channa striatus was isolated and characterized. Evolutionary process that led to the diversity of HSP70 specific to vertebrates was also analysed. Results revealed that HSP70 is highly homologous in other fish families. The conservation of the HSP 70 gene among fish families could be driven by forces of natural selection due to climatic change. We exposed C. striatus to heat shock (32 °C) and cold shock (16 °C) respectively, in order to examine the differences of temperatures in influencing the expression patterns of HSP70. We revealed that expression of HSP70 was higher at 32 °C than at 16 °C in most of the organs. Specifically, occurrence of chaperone activity of HSP70 was found at low temperature. Therefore, this fish was postulated that to seems to be able to survive at lower temperature compared to higher temperature indicating there is force of natural selection acting towards this HSP 70 gene. This will demonstrate the effect of global warming towards the fish survivability.     

HSP90, HSP70, and GAPDH directly interact with the cytoplasmic domain of macrophage scavenger receptors.

The macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR) is a trimeric membrane protein which binds to modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and has been indicated in the development of atherosclerosis. It has recently been demonstrated that the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain of MSR has an important role in the efficient internalization and cell-surface expression of the receptor. This study shows that the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain in bovine was constructed using a peptide architecture technique in which the peptide chain was bundled at their C-terminus to yield a trimeric form and that this did not form an ordered structure. Furthermore, the binding proteins to the cytoplasmic domain of MSR were determined for the first time using a peptide affinity column. Sequence analyses of the specific binding proteins in bovine revealed that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), adenocylhomocysteinase, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were included. GST-pull-down assay and immunoprecipitation analyses on HSP90, HSP70, and GAPDH showed that all these proteins could bind to the cytoplasmic domain of MSR in vitro and in vivo. These proteins interact with the cytoplasmic domain directly and may have an effect on the functions of MSR such as internalization, cell-surface expression, and signal transduction.     

A heat-activated MAP kinase (HAMK) as a mediator of heat shock response in tobacco cells

A heat-activated MAP kinase (HAMK), immunologically related to the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) super-family of protein kinases, has been identified in BY2 cells of tobacco. The activation of HAMK at 37 degrees C was transient and detected within 2 min and reached a maximum level within 5 min. Ca(2+) chelators and channel blockers, and the known inhibitors of MEK, a MAP kinase kinase, prevented the heat activation of HAMK. This suggests that HAMK activation is part of a heat-triggered MAP kinase cascade that requires Ca(2+) influx. The heat shock protein HSP70 accumulated at 37 degrees C, but not when HAMK activation was prevented with the inhibitors of MEK or with Ca(2+) chelators or channel blockers. As previously shown for heat activation of HAMK, heat-induced accumulation of HSP70 requires membrane fluidization and reorganization of cytoskeleton. We concluded that heat-triggered HAMK cascade might play an essential role in the launching of heat shock response and hsp gene expression in tobacco cells.     

HSP70 kinetics study by continuous observation of HSP-GFP fusion protein expression on a perfusion heating stage

The direct correlation between levels of heat shock protein expression and efficiency of its tissue protection function motivates this study of how thermal doses can be used for an optimal stress protocol design. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression kinetics were visualized continuously in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) on a microscope heating stage using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. BAECs were transfected with a DNA vector, HSP(p)-HSP70-GFP which expresses an HSP70-GFP fusion protein under control of the HSP70 promoter. Expression levels were validated by western blot analysis. Transfected cells were heated on a controlled temperature microscope stage at 42 degrees C for a defined period, then shifted to 37 degrees C for varied post-heating times. The expression of HSP70-GFP and its sub-cellular localization were visualized via fluorescence microscopy. The progressive expression kinetics were measured by quantitative analysis of serial fluorescence images captured during heating protocols from 1 to 2 h and post-heating times from 0 to 20 h. The results show two sequential peaks in HSP70 expression at approximately 3 and 12 h post-heat shock. A progressive translocation of HSP70 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was observed from 6 to 16 h. We conclude that we have successfully combined molecular cloning and optical imaging to study HSP70 expression kinetics. The kinetic profile for HSP70-GFP fusion protein is consistent with the endogenous HSP70. Furthermore, information on dynamic intracellular translocation of HSP70 was extracted from the same experimental data.     

Inhibitors of the heat shock response: biology and pharmacology

A number of human diseases can be linked to aberrations in protein folding which cause an imbalance in protein homeostasis. Molecular chaperones, including heat shock proteins, act to assist protein folding, stability and activity in the cell. Attention has begun to focus on modulating the expression and/or activity of this group of proteins for the treatment of a wide variety of human diseases. This review will describe the progress made to date in developing pharmacological modulators of the heat shock response, including both agents which affect the entire heat shock response and those that specifically target the HSP70 and HSP90 chaperone families.     

Heat shock proteins of chicken lens

The presence of heat shock proteins HSP-40, HSP-70, and HSc-70 in adult and embryonic chicken lenses were determined. The epithelium, cortex, and nucleus of adult chicken lens were separated and tested for the presence of heat shock proteins (hsps) by western blot, using specific antibodies for HSP-40, HSP-70, and HSc-70. Water soluble (WSF) and water insoluble fractions (WIF) of embryonic chicken lenses were isolated and tested for the presence of HSP-40, HSP-70, and HSc-70 by immunoblot. Embryonic chicken lens sections were also analyzed for the presence of heat shock proteins by immunofluorescence technique. Data obtained from these experiments revealed that HSP-40, HSP-70, and HSc-70 are present in all areas of both adult and embryonic chicken lens. Presence of hsps protein in the deep cortex and nucleus is intriguing as no detectable metabolic activities are reported in this area. However it can be proposed that hsps HSP-40, HSP-70, and HSc-70 can interact with protein of these areas and protect them from stress induced denaturation.