DH结构域缺失对SGEF在293T细胞中定位的影响

目的:通过构建带EGFP标签的SGEF基因DH结构域缺失的真核表达载体pEGFP-C1-SGEF-△DH并使其在293T细胞表达,观察DH结构域缺失后SGEF在293T细胞中的定位。方法:利用重叠PCR技术在pcDNA3.1-SGEF质粒上扩增缺失DH结构域的SGEF基因,然后将PCR产物亚克隆到真核表达载体pEGFP-C1上,对阳性克隆进行双酶切和测序鉴定,利用脂质体转染方法转染293T细胞,并用Western印迹和细胞免疫荧光技术对重组质粒pEGFP-C1-SGEF-△DH在293T细胞中的表达及其蛋白定位进行分析。结果:双酶切和测序鉴定表明,pEGFP-C1-SGEF-△DH真核表达质粒构建成功,转染实验发现该质粒能够在293T细胞中表达,表达产物主要定位在细胞核内。结论:构建了带EGFP标签的人SGEF基因DH结构域缺失的真核表达载体,该载体能够在哺乳动物细胞293T中表达,表达产物定位于细胞核,为进一步研究SGEF基因DH结构域的细胞生物学功能提供了一个重要的工具。     

沙眼衣原体真核表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703的构建及其表达

目的：构建含沙眼衣原体（Chlamydia trachomatis, Ct）基因CT703的真核重组表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703,并检测其在HeLa细胞中的表达.方法：利用RT-PCR扩增CT703基因,然后将其亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA4,PCR、双酶切和测序检测重组质粒.将正确的重组质粒瞬时转染HeLa细胞,免疫荧光和Western Blot实验检测重组质粒目的蛋白表达. 结果：经PCR、双酶切和测序鉴定后,成功构建了真核重组表达质粒pcDNA4/CT703,将其转染HeLa细胞后,免疫荧光和Western Blot实验能检测到目的蛋白的表达.结论：成功构建了重组质粒pcDNA4/CT703,并能在HeLa细胞中表达,为进一步研究CT703的功能奠定了基础.     

AQP1真核表达载体的构建及其在FRT细胞的表达

目的：构建小鼠AQP1基因真核表达质粒并观察其在FRT细胞中的表达。方法：采用RT—PCR方法从小鼠肾脏组织的总cDNA中扩增出小鼠的AQP1基因,采用基因重组技术将AQP1的cDNA片段插入真核表达载体pCAGGS,构建小鼠AQP1的真核表达质粒,脂质体转染FRT细胞进行表达。结果：酶切和测序结果证实AQP1真核表达质粒构建成功,经脂质体转染FRT细胞后,免疫荧光检测证明AQPI蛋白在真核细胞中成功表达。结论：成功构建真核表达质粒pCAGGS—AQP1-myc,并在FRT细胞中得以表达。为进一步研究小鼠AQP1过表达时的功能及机制奠定了实验基础。     

小鼠pEGFP-Hoxa11真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的 构建和鉴定Hoxa11和EGFP双基因共表达真核载体.方法 采用DNA重组技术,将目的 基因Hoxa11克隆至含有报告基因EGFP的pEGFP-N1真核表达载体中,构建的真核表达载体pEGFP-Hoxa11经PCR,双酶切及基因测序鉴定;转染至CHO细胞,荧光显微镜下观察重组质粒的表达,提取细胞蛋白Western印迹检测蛋白表达.结果 pEGFP-Hoxa11重组质粒构建成功.构建的真核表达载体pEGFP-Hoxa11能在CHO细胞中有效表达.结论 成功构建了共表达Hoxa11和EGFP的真核表达载体,并能在CHO细胞中有效表达.为进一步研究Hoxa11的功能提供实验基础.     

真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1的构建及鉴定

目的:构建带有增强型绿色荧光蛋白报告基因EGFP及目的基因Nurr1的真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1,并检测其在293T细胞中的表达。方法:采用反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法从大鼠黑质中获取Nurrl基因,连接T载体测序正确后与真核空载体pIRES2-EGFP一起,经Nhe1和Xho1双酶切,T4 DNA连接酶连接,构建pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1;真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1测序正确后采用脂质体法将其转染293T细胞,倒置荧光显微镜下观察转染效率,PCR检测Nurr1基因mRNA水平的表达情况,免疫印迹试验(Western Blot)检测Nurr1蛋白的表达水平。结果:酶切及测序鉴定证实成功构建了重组真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1;293T细胞转染pIRES2-EGFP-Nurr1后可以高度表达绿色荧光,有效转录Nurr1基因并正确的高表达Nurr1蛋白。结论:成功构建Nurr1真核表达载体且在293T细胞中高水平表达,为进一步转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs),基因治疗帕金森病奠定基础。     

人LC3B基因的真核表达及鉴定

目的:构建带HA标签的重组人LC3B基因的真核表达载体,获得HA-LC3B融合蛋白,并初步检测其生物学功能。方法:从人乳腺文库中通过PCR技术扩增LC3B基因编码序列,将其插入pc DNA3.0-HA载体,获得HA-LC3B真核表达载体;将重组质粒与空载体分别转染人胚肾293T细胞,通过Western印迹检测转染细胞的表达情况,免疫共沉淀实验证实其生物学活性。结果:双酶切和测序结果表明HA-LC3B真核表达质粒构建成功,Western印迹表明重组质粒转染293T细胞后获得表达;免疫共沉淀实验显示HA-LC3B融合蛋白可以和Atg4B蛋白相互作用,具有较好的生物学活性。结论:在真核表达系统中表达了带HA标签的人LC3B,为进一步研究细胞自噬奠定了基础。     

小鼠pDsRed-Meis1真核表达载体构建及子宫内表达的鉴定

目的构建小鼠Myeloid ectropic viral integration site 1(Meis1)基因和红色荧光蛋白(Red fluorescence protein,RFP)真核表达质粒,为进一步研究Meis1在生殖系统中的功能提供基础。方法设计引物,扩增含Meis1片段的克隆质粒中的meis1基因片段,将其插入真核表达载体pDsRed-N1,重组质粒经酶切鉴定后测序,并转染至小鼠子宫;用Western blot及免疫组织化学方法鉴定外源基因Meis1的表达。结果酶切和测序结果表明,构建的pDsRed-Meis1重组质粒正确;West-ern blot结果显示,外源性Meis1高表达于孕D2的小鼠子宫;转染后冰冻切片结果显示,带红色荧光蛋白的阳性产物表达于孕D4的小鼠子宫内膜及全层;免疫组织化学结果显示,Meis1阳性产物主要表达于孕小鼠子宫上皮、腺体和基质细胞内。结论正确构建了pDsRed-Meis1真核表达质粒,并成功转染及高表达于小鼠子宫,为进一步探讨Meis1在生殖系统中的功能提供了有利工具。     

人RhoB基因真核表达载体的构建和表达分析

旨在构建带Flag标签的人RhoB基因真核表达载体并检测其表达。提取人胚肾细胞HEK-293T总RNA并反转录获得cDNA;设计引物并利用PCR技术扩增RhoB基因的ORF序列;将所扩增序列插入到带Flag标签的pCMV5真核表达载体,插入位点位于限制性内切酶SalⅠ和XbaⅠ之间,得到真核表达载体Flag-RhoB。酶切并测序验证该质粒的准确性。将成功构建的Flag-RhoB质粒转染乳腺癌MCF7细胞、宫颈癌HeLa细胞以及结直肠癌HCT116细胞,Western Blotting检测RhoB蛋白的表达情况;转染Mv.1.Lu细胞,免疫荧光技术检测该蛋白在细胞中的定位情况。成功扩增出RhoB基因的ORF序列;连入pCMV5中获得真核表达质粒Flag-RhoB;酶切鉴定得到590 bp大小的片段,测序结果显示连入的是RhoB基因的cDNA序列与GenBank相符。Western Blotting结果显示,该质粒可在MCF7细胞、HeLa细胞及HCT116细胞中正确表达。免疫荧光实验显示过表达的RhoB蛋白主要定位于细胞膜上,细胞质中也有分布。成功构建了带Flag标签的人RhoB基因的真核表达载体,该质粒可在细胞中顺利表达。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv1884基因真核表达质粒的构建及表达

目的:构建结核分枝杆菌Rv1884基因真核表达载体。方法:PCR扩增Rv1884基因,测序正确后克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-);经酶切鉴定正确的重组质粒酶以阳离子聚合物转染P815细胞后,以RT-PCR方法检测mRNA的表达,以间接免疫荧光技术检测目的蛋白的表达。结果:构建了重组质粒pcDNA-Rv1884;RT-PCR结果证明Rv1884可在P815细胞中转录;用间接免疫荧光检测,表达有Rv1884蛋白的细胞着染。结论:构建了结核分枝杆菌Rv1884基因的真核表达载体pcDNA-Rv1884,Rv1884基因可以在P815细胞中表达。     

人GNAS1基因克隆、真核表达载体的构建及瞬时转染Hela细胞

目的:克隆人GNAS1基因编码区序列、构建真核表达载体并瞬时转染Hela细胞。方法:通过RT-PCR克隆GNAS1基因编码序列,亚克隆至pMD19载体,测序鉴定正确后,通过酶切连接至真核表达载体pEGFP-N1,通过菌液PCR和酶切鉴定获得pEGFP-GNAS1重组质粒;表达载体以Lipofectamine2000介导转染Hela细胞,并用实时定量PCR检测外源基因在Hela细胞中的表达。结果:克隆到GNAS1基因并获得了pEGFP-GNAS1表达载体,在Hela细胞中获得了GNAS1的过量表达。结论:成功克隆了GNAS1基因编码序列,并构建其真核表达载体,瞬时转染至Hela细胞,为进一步深入研究Gsα蛋白生物学作用奠定基础。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.