Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 33.

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella type 33 has been investigated. Methylation analysis, various specific degradations, graded hydrolysis with acid, and n.m.r. spectroscopy were the principal methods used. It is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of pentasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure. (formula, see manual). The D-galactopyranosyl group, with pyruvic acid linked as a ketal to O-3 AND O-4, was degraded on treatment of the fully methylated polysaccharide with strong base. It is proposed that methyl pyruvate is eliminated, in an E2 type of reaction.     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 81.

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella Type 81 has beeninvestigated. Methlylation analysis, uronic acid degradation, Smith degradation, andgraded acid hydrolysis were the principle methods used. Theanomeric nature of theglycosidic linkages was determined by characterization of fragments obtained from thevarious methods of degradation used. One of the L-rhamnosidic linkages was notpresent in any of these fragments, but is assumed to be an alpha-linkage from consideerationsof optical-rotation data. These studies show that they polysaccharide consits of thefollowing hexasaccharide repeating-unit: yield2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1yields3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-yields4)-beta-D-GlcAP-(1-yields2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-yields3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-yields3)-beta-D-Galp-(1-yields.     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 52

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella Type 52 has been investigated. Methylation analysis, characterization by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of oligosaccharide derivatives obtained on partial hydrolysis of the methylated polysaccharide with acid, and specific degradation of the methylated polysaccharide by successive treatments with base and acid followed by characterization of the product, were the principal methods used. The polysaccharide is composed of hexasaccharide repeating-units containing D-glucuronic acid, D-galactose, and L-rhamnose, in the ratios 1:3:2. A structure for these units, disregarding the anomeric natures of the sugar residues, is proposed.     

Structural studies on the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K40

The capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K40 contained D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid, D-galactose, and L-rhamnose in the approximate molar ratios 1:1:1:2. The primary structure of the capsular polysaccharide has been investigated mainly by methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, characterization of oligosaccharides, base degradation reaction, and 1H and 13CNMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide does not contain any pyruvic acetal or O-acetyl substitution. It has a pentasaccharide repeating unit of the following primary structure: alpha-D-Manp 1----4 ----4)-beta-D-GlcpA-(1----2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1----3)-beta-D-Ga lp-(1----2)-alpha- L-Rhap-(1----.     

Structural studies of capsular polysaccharide of type XII Diplococcus pneumoniae

The capsular polysaccharide of Diplococcus pneumoniae Type XII contains residues of d-glucose and d-galactose in a molar ratio of 2:1. The methylated polysaccharide yielded upon hydrolysis 2,3,4,6-tetra- and 3,4,6-tri-O-methyl-d-glucose and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-d-galactose as the only neutral methyl sugars. Periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide resulted in destruction of all neutral sugars and immunochemical activity against rabbit antisera. Periodate oxidation of the methyl O-methylglycosides obtained after hydrolysis of the methylated polysaccharide indicated that at least 30% of the l-fucosamine residues are substituted at C-4 in the polysaccharide. It is concluded that the polysaccharide consists of a hexosamine backbone that is substituted by d-galactosyl and kojibiosyl side-chains. The proposed terminal d-galactosyl residues apparently are sterically hindered from interacting with several d-galactose-binding proteins.     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 5

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide (S5) elaborated by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 5 has been investigated by using n.m.r. spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and various specific degradations. It is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of pentasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure: (Formula: see text) In this structure, L-PneNAc stands for 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-talose (pneumosamine) and D-Sug for 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-xylo-hexos-4-ulose. The latter sugar accounts for the lability of S5 towards alkali. N.m.r. spectra indicate heterogeneity in S5, most probably associated with the hexosyl-4-ulose residue.     

Structural studies of the klebsiella type 47 capsular polysaccharide

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella Type 47 has been investigated. Methylation analysis and characterization of oligosaccharides obtained on acid hydrolysis were the principal methods used. The polysaccharide is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating-units, and a structure for these units is proposed.     

Structural studies on Klebsiella type 61 capsular polysaccharide

The capsular polysaccharide from klebsiella type 61 was found to contain d-galactose, d-glucose, d-mannose, and d-glucuronic acid in the ratios 1:2:1:1. Acid hydrolysis of the polysaccharide gave one aldobiouronic acid, whose structure was established. Methylation analysis of the polysaccharide provided information about the linkages in the polysaccharide. The polysaccharide is composed of a pentasaccharide repeating unit for which structures are proposed.     

Structural investigation of Klebsiella serotype K10 capsular polysaccharide

The primary structure of Klebsiella serotype K10 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated using mainly the techniques of methylation, partial hydrolysis, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide was found to consist of hexasaccharide repeating units having the following structure: (formula; see text)     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 28

The capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella type 28 has been studied by methylation analysis, a modified Smith-degradation procedure, and uronic acid degradation with subsequent oxidation and elimination of the substituents of the oxidized residue. The polysaccharide contained the hexasaccharide repeating-unit shown below. The terminal D-glucopyranose residue was hydrolysed by emulsin, indicating a β linkage. The anomeric natures of other glycosidic linkages were determined by characterization of fragments obtained during the degradative studies. The D-galactopyranose residue was not present in any fragment, but is assumed to be α-linked from optical-rotation considerations.

     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella type 37

The structure of the Klebsiella type 37 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated. Methylation analysis, various specific degradations, and n.m.r. spectroscopy were the principal methods used. It is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating-units having the structure 4-O-Lac-d-GlcA  4-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-d-glucuronic acid:

     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella type 1

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Klebsiella type 1, which is composed of D-glucose, D-glucuronic acid, L-fucose, and pyruvic acid (1:1:1:1), has been investigated. Methylation analysis, n.m.r. spectroscopy, graded hydrolysis, and periodate-oxidation studies were the principal methods used. These studies demonstrated that the polysaccharide consists of the following trisaccharide repeating-unit:

     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7A

Application of methylation analysis, specific degradations, and n.m.r. spectroscopy to the capsular polysaccharide elaborated by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 7A indicates a hexasaccharide repeating-unit with the structure (Formula; see text).     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 18F

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide elaborated by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 18F (S18F) has been investigated by using n.m.r. spectroscopy, methylation analysis, and characterisation of oligosaccharides obtained on partial hydrolysis. It is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of pentasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure. (formula; see text) In this structure, the absolute configuration of the glycerol phosphate moiety has not been determined, but is assumed to be D-glycerol 1-phosphate (sn-glycerol 3-phosphate). The location of an O-acetyl group at O-6 of the terminal alpha-D-glucopyranosyl groups is tentative only.     

Structural studies of the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae type 18A

The structure of the capsular polysaccharide (S18A) elaborated by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 18A has been investigated by using methylation analysis and n.m.r. spectroscopy. It is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of pentasaccharide repeating-units having the following structure. (formula; see text) In this structure, the absolute configuration of the glycerol 1-phosphate moiety has not been determined but is assumed to be D from biosynthesis considerations. The structure of S18A is, as expected, closely similar to those determined for S18F and S18C.     

Structural studies of the haemophilus influenzae type f capsular polysaccharide

The structure of the Haemophilus influenzae type f capsular polysaccharide was studied by chemical and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. The repeating unit of the polysaccharide was found to be

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