高山蓍中的萜类成分及其降糖活性研究CSCD

研究高山蓍Achillea alpina L.全草中萜类成分及其降糖活性。采用ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱和pre-HPLC等方法分离纯化,采用NMR、MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。从高山蓍的二氯甲烷部位中分离纯化得到13个单体化合物,分别是[3S-[3α,3aα,4α(Z),6α,6aα,9α,9aα,9bβ]],2-butenoic acid,2-methyl-2,3,3a,4,5,6,6a,9,9a,9b-decahydro-6,6a,9-trihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-2-oxoazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl ester(1)、10β-hydroxyisodauc-6-en-14-al(2)、isodauc-6-ene-10β,14-diol(3)、aphanamol II(4)、ent-4(15)-eudesmene-1β,6α-diol(5)、12-羟基-α-香附酮(6)、1β-羟基-α-香附酮(7)、(E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatriene-3,5-diol(8)、2,6,10-trimethyl-3,6,11-dodecatriene-2,8,10-triol(9)、黑麦草内酯(10)、8-hydroxyphellandral(11)、(3R,6R,7E)-3-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one(12)、saniculamoid D(13)。化合物1~4、6、8和10~13为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物5、7和9为首次从植物高山蓍中分离得到。将化合物1~13在棕榈酸诱导的HepG2胰岛素抵抗细胞模型上进行细胞耗糖量的活性筛选,结果显示化合物5、9和10(50μmol/L)具有良好的逆转胰岛素抵抗活性。     

黄花败酱化学成分研究

对黄花败酱Patrinia scabiosaefolia的化学成分进行研究。采用硅胶、Sephadex-LH 20、制备等多种色谱分离技术进行提取分离纯化,然后应用波谱技术进行结构鉴定,从黄花败酱全草95%乙醇提取物中共分离得到24个化合物,分别鉴定为:8,9-didehydro-7-hydroxydolichodial(1)、convoldorine(2)、3-O-p-香豆酰奎尼酸(3)、松柏醛(4)、芥子醛(5)、C-藜芦酰乙二醇(6)、2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone(7)、莨菪亭(8)、异莨菪苷(9)、七叶苷(10)、clovin(11)、robinin(12)、苄基葡萄糖苷(13)、淫羊藿次苷F2(14)、2-苯乙基-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(15)、淫羊藿次苷D1(16)、大黄素(17)、β-谷甾醇(18)、熊果酸(19)、2α,6α-dihydroxy-5-[(E)-3′-hydroxy-3′-methyl-1′-butenyl]-6-methyl-4-cyclohexen-3-one(20)、loliolide黑麦草内酯(21)、isololiolide异黑麦草内酯(22)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚-l-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(23)、对羟基苯甲醛(24)。其中,化合物1为新天然产物,化合物2、3、5～7、9～17、20、22～24为首次从败酱属中分离得到。以上化合物对人结肠癌细胞HCT-116均未表现出抑制活性。     

蒙药土木香的化学成分研究CSCD

研究蒙药土木香的化学成分,采用RP-HPLC、硝酸银硅胶色谱等方法分离纯化,应用NMR、MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构,共分离鉴定了22个单体化合物,分别为5α,6α-dihydroxy-eudesma-11(13)-dien-12,8β-olide(1)、4α-hydroxy-5-methoxy-5,8α-dimethyl-3-methylenedecahydronaphtho[2,3-b]furan-2-one(2)、木香烯内酯(3)、土木香内酯(4)、异土木香内酯(5)、11,13-二氢土木香内酯(6)、alloalantolactone(7)、4α,5β-环氧-1(10),11(13)-吉玛烷-12,8α-交酯(8)、septuplinolide(9)、8-epi-ivangustin(10)、santamarine(11)、racemosalactone A(12)、3-oxo-eudesma-4(11)-dien-12,8β-olide(13)、telekin(14)、igalane(15)、macrophyllilactone E(16)、4α,15-环氧异土木香内酯(17)、11,13-dihydroxy-alantolactone(18)、1(2),4(15),11(3)-eudesma-trien-12,8β-olide(19)、亚麻酸(20)、亚油酸(21)、油酸(22)。化合物1是新倍半萜内酯类化合物,化合物2、3、9~14、17、19~22为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物4~8、15、16、18为土木香药材中已报道的化合物。     

黔产徐长卿根茎化学成分及抗烟草花叶病毒活性

通过应用多种色谱方法从徐长卿根茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到13个单体化合物,运用现代波谱技术鉴定了结构,分别为glaucogenin A(1)、glaucogenin A 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranoside(2)、N-(N-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl)-S-phenylalaninol acetate(3)、N-(N-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl)-S-phenylalaninol benzoate(4)、androst-4,6-dien-3,17-dione(5)、20-hydroxy-4,6-diene-gestrol-3-one(6)、5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone(7)、5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone(8)、5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-isopentyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde(9)、mono-terpenes(10)、4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid(11)、pavonisol(12)、4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoic acid(13)。其中化合物2～5和7～10系首次从该植物中分离得到。离体叶圆片法和钝化活性测试表明,化合物1～4和9均有抗TMV活性,保护活性测试表明,化合物4具有抗TMV活性,且首次发现化合物3、4、9具有抗TMV活性。     

柯拉斯那沉香的生物活性成分研究

为了解柯拉斯那(Aquilaria crassna)的化学成分,从其所产沉香中分离得到10个化合物,经波谱分析分别鉴定为:6,8-羟基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮(1),6,8-二羟基-2-[2-(4-甲氧基苯)乙基]色酮(2),rel-(1a R,2R,3R,7b S)-1a,2,3,7b-tetrahydro-2,3-dihydroxy-5-(2-phenylethyl)-7H-oxireno[f][1]benzopyran-7-one(3),rel-(1a R,2R,3R,7b S)-1a,2,3,7b-tetrahydro-2,3-dihydroxy-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl]-7H-oxireno[f][1]benzopyran-7-one(4),rel-(1a R,2R,3R,7b S)-1a,2,3,7b-tetrahydro-2,3-dihydroxy-5-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl]-7H-oxireno[f][1]benzopyran-7-one(5),oxidoagarochromone B(6),oxidoagarochromone C(7),(5S,6R,7S,8R)-2-[2-(3′-hydroxy-4′-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromone(8),6,7-cis-dihydroxy-2-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromone(9),N-trans-feruloyltyramine(10)。化合物3~5和8~10为首次从柯拉斯那沉香中分离得到。化合物1,3,6,7,9和10对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有一定的抑制活性,化合物4对人慢性髓原白血病细胞株K-562和人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901均具有较小的抑制作用,化合物1和3对人肝癌细胞株BEL-7402也有抑制活性。     

中国广西红树林植物海漆的化学成分研究

用硅胶柱层析和凝胶柱层析对红树林植物海漆(Excoecaria agallochaL.)的乙酸乙酯提取物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到9个化合物;通过波谱学数据它们分别鉴定为kayadiol(1)、8(14),15-isopimaradiene-7α,18-diol(2)5、,11-epoxy-9-hydroxy-7-megastigmen-3-one(3)、annuionone E(4)、28,30-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-3-one(5)、mes-sagenic acid G(6)、3,β24-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(7)s、yringaresinol(8)、ethyl gallate(9)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

云南割舌树的化学成分

从云南割舌树（Walsura yunnanensis C.Y.Wu.)树皮的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了12个化合物,它们分别是walsurol(1),tocopherol(2),sitoindoside Ⅰ（3）,3β-stigmast-5-en-3-yl-β-D-xylopyranoside(4),stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one(5),7-oxositosterol(6),3β-hydroxy-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-diene(7),(-)epicatechin(8),3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxylphenylethanol(9),间三甲氧基苯,（β－谷甾醇和胡萝卜甙,新化合物1命名为割舌醇（walsurol)。     

紫红獐牙菜口山酮及环烯醚萜类化合物的研究

采用各种柱色谱法对紫红獐牙菜的石油醚和正丁醇部位进行分离纯化,从石油醚部位分离鉴定得到6个化合物,利用理化性质和波谱学方法分别鉴定为oleanolic acid(1),swerchirin(2),sweriaperenine(3),bellidifo-lin(4),gentiacaulein(5)和1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(6);从正丁醇部位分离鉴定得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为8-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(7),5-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1,8-di-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(8),7-[(β-D-xylopyranosyl)oxy]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(9),8-[(β-D-gluco-pyranosyl)oxy]-1,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone(10),swertiamarin(11),tetrahydrosertianolin(12),8-hydroxy-10-hydro-sweroside(13),campestroside(14)以及uridine(15)。其中,化合物15首次从该属植物中得到,化合物9、10、12和13首次从该植物中分离得到。     

马缨杜鹃茎的化学成分研究

利用各种色谱技术从马缨杜鹃(Rhododendron delavayi Franch.)茎中分离得到10个化合物。通过波谱学方法鉴定为异鼠李素(1),nectandrin B(2),resveratrol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(3),lysidiside N(4),19α-hydroxyasiatic acid(5),白桦脂酸(6),3β-hydroxylup-12-en-28-oic-acid(7),obtusalin(8),methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate(9),2,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxytoluene(10)。化合物2～9为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

青杞的化学成分研究

研究青杞地上部分(Solanum septemlobum Bunge)的化学成分.利用硅胶色谱柱层析进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据结合理化性质,鉴定为东莨菪内酯(scopoletin,1),N-反式阿魏酸酪酰胺(N-trans-feruloyl tyramine,2),14-methoxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-y1)hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl ace-rate(3),9,11-环氧麦角甾醇(9α,11α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol,4),豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-(6-软酯酰)葡萄糖苷(β-stigmasteryl-3-O-β-D-(6-palmityl)glucopyranoside,5),二十二烷基-反式-阿魏酸酯((E)-docosyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylate,6),豆甾醇(stigmagtero,7),棕榈酸(hexadecanoic acid,8),正三十烷(triacontane,9),β-胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,10),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,11).化合物1～11均为首次从本植物中得到,其中化合物1、2为首次在本属植物中分离得到.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.