Influence of toxic chemicals on the chemotactic response of fish macrophages

The chemotactic efficiency of macrophages isolated from the kidney of spot, Leiostomus xanthurus , and hogchoker, Trinectes maculatus. was determined in fish captured from the York River and the heavily polluted Elizabeth River (Virginia). Chemotactic activity was quantified in Boyden chambers using Escherichia coli as the chemotactic stimulus. Macrophage chemc-taxis was found to be markedly reduced in the Elizabeth River fish as compared to York River controls. Chemotactic migrations of macrophages at 90 min were 55% and 33% for control and experimental spot, respectively. Values for control and experimental hogchoker were 85% and 56%, respectively. The macrophage chemotactic activity of Elizabeth River fish returned to normal (spot, 56%; hogchoker, 80%) after the fish were held in clean water for 3 weeks. This indicates that the decreased chemotactic activity was related to exposure to Elizabeth River pollutants but may be reversible.     

PGD Port Elizabeth: A new variant found in South Africa

Summary A new 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase variant tentatively named PGD Port Elizabeth is presented.     

Alternative Literacies

Writing without Words: Alternative Literacies in Mesoamerica and the Andes. Elizabeth Hill Boone and Walter Mignolo     

The Berbers

The Berbers. Michael Brett and Elizabeth Fentress. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 1996. 350 pp.     

Children in the Muslim Middle East

Children in the Muslim Middle East. Elizabeth Warnock Fernea. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995.477 pp.     

Book Review

Books reviewed in this article:
Water Quality: Management of a Natural Resource James Perry and Elizabeth Vanderklein     

Of sad and wished-for years: Elizabeth Barrett Browning's lifelong illness

The Victorian poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning suffered for most of her life from an illness that her physicians were never able to diagnose, and that Barrett Browning scholars and others have tried to diagnose since her death in 1861. Many suggestions have been offered, but none has been convincing. By happenstance, my daughter was reading the correspondence of Elizabeth and Robert Browning not long ago, and she recognized the symptoms described as those of the rare muscle-weakening disorder she herself has, hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HKPP). The evidence from Barrett Browning's letters and the diary she kept when she was 25 strongly suggest she too had HKPP.     

Sources of PAHs to Sediments of the Elizabeth River,VA

Sediments collected from the Elizabeth River, VA, a highly contaminated subestu-ary of the James River, were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Select isomer ratios (BbF/BkF, BaA/chrysene, and IP/BghiP) and molecular weight fractions (ΣPAH_202/202-276 and ΣPAH_252/202-276) were identified as source indicators for two former wood-treatment facilities (Atlantic Wood and Eppinger & Russell) located on the southern branch of the Elizabeth River. These facilities are suspected as probable contributors to the high PAH contamination in sediments. Plots of the wood-treatment source indicators, along with those for coal, wood, and automotives, revealed a likely contribution from only one of the former wood-treatment facilities, in addition to the possible contribution of coal/coal gasification to PAH contamination in sediments of the main stem and southern branch of the Elizabeth River. By examining PAH isomer ratios from known or suspected sources, it is possible to distinguish multiple sources of PAHs to an ecosystem.     

Purchasing Power: Black Kids and American Consumer Culture.

Purchasing Power: Black Kids and American Consumer Culture. Elizabeth Chin. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001. 272 pp.     

Hunting the Wren: Transformation of Bird to Symbol

Hunting tfie Wren: Transformation of Bird to Symbol. Elizabeth Atwood Lawrence. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1997. 234 pp.     

Anti-Indianism in Modern America: A Voice from Tatekeya's Earth

Anti-Indianism in Modern America:. Voice from Tatekeya's Earth. Elizabeth Cook-Lynn. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2001. 225 pp.     

Book review ocean yearbook 2

Elizabeth Mann Borgese and Norton Ginsburg, editors, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), ix + 713 pp., $35.00.     

Cultural Encounters: Representing "Otherness."

Cultural Encounters: Representing "Otherness." Elizabeth Hallam and Brian V. Street. eds. New York: Routledge, 2000. 292 pp.     

Photographs Objects Histories: On the Materiality of Images

Photographs Objects Histories: On the Materiality of Images . Elizabeth Edwards and Janice Hart, eds. London: Routledge Press, 2004. 222 pp.     

Ritual Sacrifice in Ancient Peru.

Ritual Sacrifice in Ancient Peru. Elizabeth P. Benson and Anita G. Cook. eds. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2001. 211pp.     

Land, Custom and Practice in the South Pacific

Land, Custom and Practice in the South Pacific, R. Gerard Ward and Elizabeth Kingdon. eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 290 pp.     

Anthropology and Indigenous Alterity

Book reviewed in this article: Elizabeth Povinelli. The Cunning of Recognition: Indigenous Alterities and the Making of Australian Multiculturalism.     

Measuring Mamma's Milk: Fascism and the Medicalization of Maternity in Italy

Measuring Mamma's Milk: Fascism and the Medicalization of Maternity in Italy. Elizabeth Dixon Whitaker. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000. 358 pp.     

Net Curtains and Closed Doors: Intimacy, Family and Public Life in Dublin

Net Curtains and Closed Doors: Intimacy, Family and Public Life in Dublin. Elizabeth A. Throop. Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey, 1999. 168 pp.     

Low Fish Predation Pressure in the London Reservoirs: I. Species Composition,Density and Biomass

The London reservoirs sited in the lower Thames valley form part of a continuously flowing, drinking water supply system and as such have been wholly designed, constructed and operated by man for this sole function. This paper adds some information on the potential impact of the fish populations on the ecology of these relatively deep reservoirs. The fish fauna was studied by night shore seining (to detect inshore fish communities) and acoustically (to detect the offshore fish communities). Ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus) and perch (Perca fluviatilis) are the main species capable of reproduction on the steeply sloping concrete walls of the reservoirs. Cyprinids are almost absent in Wraysbury Reservoir whilst in Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth II reservoirs they are more abundantly represented due to enhanced spawning possibilities associated with inundated marginal terrestrial plants in Queen Mary and the net-sides of empty fish cages in Queen Elizabeth II reservoir. Fish biomasses of the three London reservoirs studied are low: 6.8 kg/ha in Wraysbury Reservoir, 28.6 kg/ha in Queen Mary reservoir and 45.6 kg/ha in Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir. Coinciding with this is a zooplankton of unusually large-sized cladocerans, largely daphnids, and high fish growth rates.