共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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云杉属树种的体细胞胚胎发生 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了云杉属树种体细胞胚胎发生的研究现状,其中包括:(1)影响云杉属树种体细胞胚胎发生及其植株再生的因素;(2)云杉属树种体细胞胚胎发生的形态学和细胞组织学研究。并展望了云杉属树种体细胞胚胎发生的应用前景及研究方向。 相似文献
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白Pian体细胞胚悬浮培养的动力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
白(PiceameyeriRehd.etWils.)是我国特有的云杉属树种,在林业生产和环境绿化中均具有重要地位。其体细胞胚胎发生的研究,一方面可用于优良种质的大规模快速繁殖,为植树造林和园林绿化提供优质苗木;另一方面可作为遗传转化的再生系统,进行树种遗传... 相似文献
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华北落叶松(Larix principis-Rupprechtii)是我国北方中高山地区重要的针叶速生用材树种,进行其体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生的研究,在针叶树无性快速繁殖及基因工程育种上有其特殊的用途,既可为针叶树无性系林业提供产业化途径,也可作为目的基因遗传转化实验系统。针叶树的基因转化相对较难,再生更属不易,Lelu等报道过杂种落叶松与欧洲落叶松体细胞胚胎发生方面的研究;而我国尚未见有落叶松体细胞胚胎发生的研究报道。我们 相似文献
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木本植物体细胞胚胎发生技术 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
体细胞胚胎发生技术是植物规模化、产业化快速繁殖和基因转化再生植株的重要手段。对近年来进行体细胞胚胎诱导并再生植株的木本双子叶植物、单子叶植物及裸子植物等树种进行了综述 ,并探讨体细胞胚胎发生中的技术影响因素及其基因表达与调控等研究进展 ,最后提出今后应该加强研究的关键问题。 相似文献
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火炬松原生质体的体细胞胚胎发生 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了基本培养基、原生质体密度和ABA浓度对火炬松(PinustaedaL.)悬浮细胞原生质体体细胞胚胎发生的影响。结果表明,DCR基本培养基最有利于原生质体的体细胞胚胎发生。体细胞胚胎发生所需的最适原生质体密度和ABA浓度分别是7×104个/mL和4mg/L。显微观察表明,来自原生质体的胚性胚柄细胞团(ESM:embryogenicsusPensormass),经早期原胚(ESP:earlystageProembryos)阶段形成了后期原胚(LSP:latestageProembryos)。这一结果为火炬松的原生质体培养再生植株奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Embryogenic callus (translucent callus) was produced from immature zygotic embryos of Picea wilsonii Mast. Subsequently somatic embryogenesis occurred on the brown callus. The somatic embryos could be stimulated to developinto plantlets on the medium without hormone. Young somatic embryos were produced from embryogenic callus in liquid suspension culture, in which suspensor was several or more than ten times the size of the somatic embryo. The somatic embryo showed very similar to zygotic embryos in micro-section and living material. 相似文献
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Vegetatively propagated material offers many advantages over seed material in forest tree breeding research and in reforestation programmes. Evidence is accumulating to suggest that using somatic embryos in forestry is a viable option. However, before somatic embryos can be used optimally in forestry, basic research aimed at increasing the number of responsive genotypes as well as the age of the primary explant is needed. This in turn requires the establishment of a basic understanding of the physiological and molecular processes that underlie the development of somatic embryos. The functions of genes and their developmental and tissue specific regulation are studied using transient and stable transformation techniques.The process of somatic embryogenesis can be divided into different steps: (1) initiation of somatic embryos from the primary explant, (2) proliferation of somatic embryos, (3) maturation of somatic embryos and (4) plant regeneration. Cortical cells in the primary explant are stimulated to go through repeated divisions so that dense nodules are formed from which somatic embryos differentiate. The first formed somatic embryos continue to proliferate and give rise to embryogenic cell lines. Embryogenic cell lines of Picea abies can be divided into two main groups A and B, based on morphology, growth pattern and secretion of proteins. Our results suggest that extracellular proteins play a crucial role in embryogenesis of Picea abies. Somatic embryos from group A can be stimulated to go through a maturation process when treated with abscisic acid. Mature somatic embryos can develop into plants.Abbreviations ABA
abscisic acid
- BA
N6-benzyladenine
- 2,4-D
dichlorophenoxy acetic acid 相似文献
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Developmental pathway of somatic embryogenesis in Picea abies as revealed by time-lapse tracking 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Several coniferous species can be propagated via somatic embryogenesis. This is a useful method for clonal propagation, but it can also be used for studying how embryo development is regulated in conifers. However, in conifers it is not known to what extent somatic and zygotic embryos develop similarly, because there has been little research on the origin and development of somatic embryos. A time-lapse tracking technique has been set up, and the development of more than 2000 single cells and few-celled aggregates isolated from embryogenic suspension cultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and embedded in thin layers of agarose has been traced. Experiments have shown that somatic embryos develop from proembryogenic masses which pass through a series of three characteristic stages distinguished by cellular organization and cell number (stages I, II and III) to transdifferentiate to somatic embryos. Microscopic inspection of different types of structures has revealed that proembryogenic masses are characterized by high interclonal variation of shape and cellular constitution. In contrast, somatic embryos are morphologically conservative structures, possessing a distinct protoderm-like cell layer as well as embryonal tube cells and suspensor. The lack of staining of the arabinogalactan protein epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody JIM13 was shown to be an efficient marker for distinguishing proembryogenic masses from somatic embryos. The vast majority of cells in proembryogenic masses expressed this epitope and none of cells in the early somatic embryos. The conditions that promote cell proliferation (i.e. the presence of exogenous auxin and cytokinin), inhibit somatic embryo formation; instead, continuous multiplication of stage I proembryogenic masses by unequal division of embryogenic cells with dense cytoplasm is the prevailing process. Once somatic embryos have formed, their further development to mature forms requires abscisic acid and shares a common histodifferentiation pattern with zygotic embryos. Although the earliest stages of somatic embryo development comparable to proembryogeny could not be characterized, the subsequent developmental processes correspond closely to what occurs in the course of early and late zygotic embryogeny. A model for somatic embryogenesis pathways in Picea abies is presented. 相似文献
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Putrescine, spermidine, and spermine levels during somatic embryogenesis of interior spruce (Picea glauca x Picea engelmannii complex) were quantified On abscisic acid supplemented growth medium putrescine and spermidine levels increased two-fold coinciding with maturation of the early somatic embryos to globular embryos. Polyclonal antibodies raised against Escherichia coli arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), following affinity purification specifically recognized spruce ADC and ODC, which corresponded to 85kD and 65kD bands on western blots of total protein extracts from embryogenic masses, Immunoassays using these antibodies showed increased ADC levels corresponding to embryo maturation while ODC levels remained the same. From these results it is concluded that polyamines are involved in the maturation of somatic embryos of interior spruce.Abbreviations ADC
arginine decarboxylase
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- ODC
ornithine decarboxylase
- PBS
phosphate buffered saline
- PCA
perchloric acid
- SDS-PAGE
sodium dodecyl sulfateporyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 相似文献
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Summary Exposure of mature cotyledonary somatic embryos of Picea abies to low temperature (4°C) resulted in the accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs)—raffinose and stachyose.
The RFO content represented approximately 20% of the total soluble saccharides with the RFO: sucrose ratio being almost 1∶3
(molar basis) after 3 wk of cold exposure. This treatment, like desiccation, brings the endogenous saccharide spectrum nearer
to that of mature zygotic embryos of the same species (zygotic embryos, RFO: sucrose ratio 1∶1.5 on a molar basis). Based
on indications that RFOs are at least partly responsible for the positive effects of desiccation, we propose cold treatment
as an alternative to slow desiccation for conifer somatic embryogenesis protocols. 相似文献