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Résumé La comparaison des granules ou des protéines de granules desBaculovirus dePieris brassicae, Pygaera anastomosis, Hyphantria cunea, Carpocapsa pomonella, Mythimna unipuncta, Mamestra oleracea a été entreprise par les techniques d'électrophorèse, d'agglutination, d'immunofluorescence et de précipitation en gel. L'électrophorèse fait appara?tre l'étroite ressemblance qui existe entre les protéines des six sortes de corps d'inclusion. L'analyse immunochimique montre que chaque granule est bien distinct de tous les autres; elle peut servir de base à l'identification des divers virus.
Summary The proteins ofBaculovirus capsules ofPieris brassicae, Pygaera anastomosis, Hyphantria cunea, Mamestra oleracea, Mythimna unipuncta andCarpocapsa pomonella are studied and compared. There is no significant difference in the composition of electrophoregrams of proteins extracted from capsules of six virus strains by means of a thioglycolate buffer, pH 10,5. Two chief zones (G and F bands) are identified in every one of these strains. Mobility of proteins (C proteins) contained in the G intermediate band is slightly identical, only C proteins ofPieris brassicae andPygaera anastomosis can be differentiated according to a slight difference between electrophoretic mobility. Agglutination and immunofluorescence techniques used for suspensions and smears of granules enable to recognize granules ofC. pomonella andM. unipuncta among the six types of granules. By the immunodiffusion technique, it is revealed that F antigens occurs in all strains and C antigens in five ones. In addition to these common antigens, there are specific antigens respectively named TPa, TPb, J, U, P antigens forP. anastomosis, P. brassicae, H. cunea, M. unipuncta andC. pomonella granules. Capsules taken in Hungary and France from larvae ofC. pomonella could not be differentiated by the techniques used. This work emphasizes both characters common to the group of viruses studied and differences sufficient for identifying every one of types studied.


Avec la collaboration technique de LilianeCroizier.  相似文献   

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The urticating gland of Thaumetopoea pityocampa, (Lepidoptera : Thaumetopoeidae) caterpillar is formed of only trichogen cells. These cells form an irregular cluster, which seems to be multilayered, although there is only one layer of cells. Each trichogen cell produces urticating protein (thaumetopoein), forms urticating hair, and the thin cuticle in which the hair is implanted.  相似文献   

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Résumé Les modalités morphologiques et chronologiques de la formation des corps jaunes ont été étudiées dans les conditions de la ponte provoquée chez la ratte.Des rattes Wistar offrant des cycles de 4 jours et préparées au début du cycle par une dose non lutéinisante d'oestradiol ont été soumises le 2ème jour de ce cycle à un stimulus copulatoire de 8 coïts.Ce stimulus suscite la formation de deux types de corps jaunes: les uns sont des corps jaunes postovulatoires édifiés aux dépens de follicules rompus; les autres sont des corps jaunes à ovule inclus formés aux dépens de follicules non encore aptes à se rompre mais déjà aptes à se lutéiniser.Ces corps jaunes se forment progressivement de la 11ème à la 24ème heure après le rapprochement sexuel. Un petit nombre d'entre eux sont déjà repérables dans les ovaires de rattes sacrifiées 11 heures après le coït. Leur nombre s'accroît au cours des 13 heures suivantes aux dépens de follicules prélutéiniques que l'on observe dans les ovaires des rattes sacrifiées 11 heures après le coït.
Summary Morphological and chronological modalities of the formation of corpora lutea were studied in the conditions of evoked ovulation in the rat. 4-day cyclic female rats of the Wistar strain received at the beginning of the cycle a non luteinizing dose of oestradiol. They mated on the afternoon of the 2th day under visual control and mating was limited to 8 acts of coïtus. Two types of corpora lutea elicited by coïtus were observed i. e. postovulatory corpora lutea and corpora lutea with included ovocytes. Their formation proceed from about the 11th to the 24th hour after coïtus. A few number of these corpora lutea were already visible on the 11th hour post coïtum. Their number progressively increased during the following hours from preluteinic follicles which appeared in great number in the ovaries of animals sacrificed on the 11th hour after coïtus.
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Ce catalogue des Vesperidae et Cerambycidae de la faune de France est fondé sur une vaste étude bibliographique et sur les observations des auteurs ainsi que celles, vérifiées, de nombreux amateurs. Les nombreuses modifications montrent la nécessité de la révision du dernier ouvrage de référence (Villiers 1978). Le bilan faunistique des recherches permet de dresser une liste de 251 taxa représentant 242 espèces actuellement présentes en France continentale et en Corse. Cette liste est sujette à de perpétuelles modifications liées aux fluctuations de populations, aux introductions et aux activités de recherche de nombreux amateurs. Ce travail de synthèse systématique, taxinomique et faunistique est une première étape pour la réalisation d’un atlas des Vesperidae et Cerambycidae de France et de Corse.  相似文献   

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The present studies are concerned with the subcellular localisation of an active multiglycosyltransferase system involved in the transfer of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and mannose to various glycoprotein acceptors. Smooth microsomes, obtained according to the method of Dallner, were the main loci of the three glycosyltransferases. After placing smooth microsomes in the bottom of a sucrose gradient, we recovered galactosyltransferase and mannosyltransferase in a fraction (density 1.12) containing Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase in a non-identified fraction with a density from 1.14 to 1.16; these results are obtained when performing all enzyme assays on endogenous acceptors. When exogenous acceptors was used, galactosyltransferase N-acetylglucosaminlytransferase and mannosyltransferase appear to be present in fractions having density of 1.14–1.16, 1.18 and 1.12, respectively.Un essai de localisation subcellulaire de trois glycosyltransferases présentes dans l'épithelium intestinal de rat est décrit. La caractérisation des diverses fractions obtenues est réalisée par le dosage d'enzymes marqueurs et par microscopic électronique.Dans le fractionnement selon la méthode de Dallner, les trois transférases: galactosyltransferase, N-acetylglucosaminyltransférase et mannosyltransferase sont présentes dans la fraction des membranes agranulaires.En gradient discontinu de saccharose, les activités endogènes de la galactosyltransferase, de la N-acetylglucosaminyltransférase et de la mannosyltransferase apparaissent dans des fractions de densité 1,12,1,15 et 1,12 respectivement. Dosés sur accepteur exogène, ces enzymes se répartissent préférentiellement dans les fractions de densité 1,12, 1,15 et 1,18 respectivement pour la mannosyltransferase, la galactosyltransferase et la N-acetylglucosaminyltransférase.  相似文献   

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The origin of metazoa implies the passage from an eukarote protozoan to a protozygote ancestor of a metazoan zygote. The most probable hypothesis is that of a symbiotic origin of the first zygote by association of two protists one signifying a spherical oocell and the other a flagellated spermatozoan; this could be the first step of the metazoan ontogenesis and therefore also of the phylogenesis. The genesis can also be explained by two haploid genomes NX NY, three gametes (two spermatozoa and one ovule), NX apparently being able to create both forms, and two zygotes. A double symbiosis, a chromosomic crossing-over and a selective expulsion can prove it.  相似文献   

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N. Zencirci 《Hydrobiologia》1980,69(1-2):179-186
Résumé Nous avons étudiés les effets toxiques de l'accumulation de l'étain et du plomb sur les G. pulex d'eau douce et les G. locusta (Crustacés: Amphipodes) marin.Les expériences ont été faites dans des solutions de métaux d'eau douce et d'eau marine. Les concentrations de métal utilisées sont de 10 ppm, de 1 ppm et de 0.1 ppm. Les résultats nous ont montrés que les solutions de plomb sont plus toxique que les solutions de l'étain et les G. locusta sont plus sensibles que les G. pulex.Les valeurs de l'accumulation de métal ont été determinées par spectrographie des rayons X. Pour les deux espèces, une grande accumulation d'étain a été rencontrée dans le système digestif, la cuticule et l'hemolymphe et une accumulation de plomb a été rencontré dans le système digestif et la cuticule.
The effects of tin (SnCl4.5H2O) and lead [Pb(NO3)2] on Gammarus pulex (L.) and Gammarus locusta (L.) have been studied. Three differents solutions (10 ppm, 1 ppm, 0.1 ppm) were applied for two metals. Lead was found to be more toxic than tin. The residues of metals in the organes and tissues of two species were determined by X ray spectrophotometry.
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Cabuamine is identified as O-methyl-hydrogeno akuammine.  相似文献   

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Prometaphasic chromosomes of man and chimpanzee are compared, using R, Q, T and H-bands techniques. — Six pericentric inversions, one telomeric fusion-translocation, 4 intercalar deletions or insertions, 16 deletions or additions of terminal Q-bands, and an important variation of heterochromatin distinguish the 2 species. — The evolutive role of chromosomal rearrangements separating the 2 species is discussed with particular reference to the formation of human chromosome No 2.- The simultaneous analysis of human chromosomal pathology and of the chromosomal structures in primates should contribute to the understanding of accidental modifications of the genome and to the interpretation of their consequences.

Travail de l'E.R.A. No 47 du C.N.R.S.  相似文献   

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The thick Quaternary deposits of the Caune de l’Arago (Pyrénées-Orientales, France) are dated to between 690 000 and 90 000 years old. At least fifteen different archeostratigraphical units have been identified within these deposits, each corresponding to distinct prehistoric occupations. Numerous stone tools made from several different rock types, have been discovered in each unit. The tools present specific characteristics concerning the choice of raw materials, the typology, and the technology used to produce them. Morpho-technological study of the different components of the assemblage contributes to a better understanding of the debitage methods used for their production. Each raw material is considered individually in order to ascertain its origin in the environment, its typological role and the technology applied during its exploitation. Defining production systems leads to the characterisation of the assemblages from each unit. When compared, they reveal common elements, as well as differences, suggesting evolutionary trends. Some observations are also made concerning the extent to which changing uses of the site may have influenced the general morphology of each assemblage, therefore taking into account exterior factors. Analysis of this rich stone tool assemblage helps to situate the Caune de l’Arago industry within the larger evolutionary context of the Lower Paleolithic in Mediterranean Europe.  相似文献   

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《Médecine Nucléaire》2007,31(6):320-328
Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second cause of degenerative dementia. Differential diagnosis may be difficult, in spite of the emergence of standardized diagnostic criteria. Tomoscintigraphy using iodine 123-labelled FP-CIT (DaTSCAN®) could play a role in this process. Cerebral perfusion SPECT imaging is an important step of demented patient evaluation. We compared the diagnostic performance of both of these procedures in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. We studied 15 patients; ten DaTSCAN® and 14 cerebral perfusion studies were performed. Clinical diagnosis at the end of follow-up was established as the diagnostic reference. Cerebral perfusion SPECT showed a very low sensitivity (20%) and a good specificity (89%); considering a prevalence of dementia with Lewy bodies of 20%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 31% and negative predictive value (NPV) 82%. Performances of DaTSCAN® tomoscintigraphy were more encouraging, (sensitivity and specificity of 100%); predictive values are both of 100%. As a conclusion, DaTSCAN® tomoscintigraphy performs better than cerebral perfusion SPECT in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies and no conjoint or sequential use of those tests can be recommended.  相似文献   

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