20例儿童难治性支原体肺炎临床分析

目的探讨难治性支原体性肺炎(RMPP)的临床特点,诊断依据和治疗方法。方法收集2013年6月至2014年5月在天津市儿童医院住院的20例RMPP患儿的临床资料,汇总血常规、C反应蛋白、肺CT、支原体抗体及DNA、血沉等临床数据进行分析。结果 20例患者均出现高热不退,并逐渐出现肺部实变体征,部分患者并发肝功能损伤,皮疹,血液系统损伤等肺外表现。早期加用激素疗效肯定。纤维支气管镜对缓解气道阻塞效果良好。结论 RMPP发病年龄较大,容易合并其他系统损伤,早期诊断尤为重要。激素及纤维支气管镜疗效肯定。应采取综合治疗。     

南宁地区唐氏综合征患者的细胞遗传学研究

为了探讨中国南宁地区唐氏综合征患者染色体核型分布及其特点, 对广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院1994年以来的500例疑似唐氏综合征(Down syndrome, DS)患者进行外周血染色体核型分析, 130例确诊为DS患者。其中, 单纯型21-三体为86.15%(112/130); 易位型为8.46%(11/130); 嵌合型为5.39%(7/130)。在单纯型21-三体中性别比为女∶男=1∶1.8; 93.08% 的唐氏综合征患儿由年轻母亲(<35岁)所生, 另有6.92% 由高龄产妇所生。结果表明, 南宁地区86% 以上唐氏综合征患者的染色体核型是单纯型21-三体, 男性唐氏综合征患儿明显高于女性患儿。     

Cytogenetic toxicity of antitumor platinum compounds in Fanconi's anemia

Summary Peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with Fanconi's anemia (FA) were tested for their susceptibility to chromosome breakage by cis-platinum(II)-diamminedichloride [cis-Pt(II)], cis-platinum(IV)diamminetetrachloride [cis-Pt(IV)], and trans-platinum(IV)diamminetetrachloride [trans-Pt(IV)]. Low doses (0.1 g/ml) of the DNA-DNA cross-linking agents cis-Pt(II) and cis-Pt(IV) dramatically increased the chromosome breakage level in FA cultures without affecting the controls. The predominantly DNA-protein cross-linking compound trans-Pt(IV), however, was much less effective in producing chromosomal damage in FA. The differential response of FA cells to cis-Pt(IV) and trans-Pt(IV) suggests that the high susceptibility of FA to bifunctional cross-linking agents is due to an impairment of the cells to tolerate DNA-DNA cross-links, rather than DNA-protein cross-links.     

Cytogenetic study of Macaca tonkeana

A cytogenetic study of Macaca tonkeana shows that this species has a karyotype identical with that of Macaca fascicularis although there are sufficient morphological and ecoethological differences for the taxidermists to place these animals into two different species.     

Cytogenetic study of Hapalemur aureus

The karyotype of Hapalemur aureus was compared with those of other Hapalemur species, allowing us to determine the phylogenetic position of this species on the evolutionary tree of the Lemuridae.     

Cytogenetic study of the mutagenicity of cucumarioside

Mutagenic activity of cucumarioside displaying strong immunomodulating effect was studied. Two cytogenetic tests--mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay and the method for analysis of chromosomal aberrations--were used to evaluate mutagenic activity. Both tests demonstrated negative mutagenic effect.     

Cytogenetic study of certain Tilia species]

The number of chromosomes, and mitosis and microsporogenesis were studied in Tilia europaea, T. tomentosa, T. cordata and T. platyphyllos under natural conditions of Voronezh region. Significant mixoploidy of meristematic tissue cells in seedling root tips, mitotic activity and meiosis have been demonstrated for the first time. The number of chromosomes in somatic cells varied from 28 to 140-146. The number 2n = 82 was modal for all the studied species. The number of chromosomes in T. europaea has been determined for the first time. The numbers of chromosomes in the genus Tilia are analysed on the basis of the literature and our own data. The peak of mitotic activity in seedlings and juvenile leaves (8-10%) fell on the night: 0-1 a.m. according to the winter time. Microsporogenesis is simultaneous and asynchronous. In some individual trees various abnormalities of meiosis were found: lagging in time in 1 to 5-6 chromosomes, bridges, fusions of spindles. Variations in pollen dimensions, shape and pore number were detected in many trees.