利用融合蛋白EDDIE在大肠杆菌中高效表达抗菌肽Cecropin AD

本研究采用猪瘟病毒(Classical swine fever virus,CSFV)定点突变外壳蛋白(EDDIE)为融合蛋白,对抗菌肽Cecropin AD(CAD)基因进行了高效融合表达,获得了有抗菌活性的抗菌肽CAD。首先采用重叠PCR基因合成技术将编码抗菌肽的CAD基因与猪瘟病毒定点突变外壳蛋白EDDIE编码基因合成为e-cad融合基因,接着将融合基因e-cad采用定点同源重组的方法连接到载体pET30a上,构建成pETED表达载体,然后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达,表达的融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中主要以包涵体形式存在,表达量占菌体总蛋白的40%以上。蛋白质在体外复性,融合蛋白中EDDIE自我剪切,产生抗菌肽CAD。抑菌试验表明抗菌肽CAD能有效地抑制大肠杆菌和藤黄八叠球菌的生长,并且对酵母菌的生长也有微弱地抑制作用。以EDDIE为融合蛋白是在大肠杆菌中高效表达抗菌肽的一种好方法。     

迟眼蕈蚊抗菌肽BhSGAMP-1-S在大肠杆菌中的优化表达及其活性分析(英文)

【目的】BhSGAMP-1 是迟眼蕈蚊唾液腺抗菌肽,为了能够更好的了解其分子特性,我们将其表达、纯化并进行了活性测定。【方法】依据大肠杆菌稀有密码子设计并合成了抗菌肽基因 BhSGAMP-1-S,以 pMAL-c2X 作为表达载体在大肠杆菌 TB1 中进行融合表达,融合蛋白通过麦芽糖亲和层析柱进行纯化,获得的融合蛋白经肠激酶切割后,混合物通过分子筛凝胶层析和反相高效液相色谱来获得单体重组抗菌肽 BhSGAMP-1-S,对获得的抗菌肽进行活性测定。【结果】在最优的表达条件下融合蛋白以可溶的形式表达,100 mL 诱导菌液经多步纯化后可得 0. 38 mg 的重组抗菌肽 BhSGAMP-1-S,抑菌活性测定表明所获得的抗菌肽对部分测试革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌和真菌有较强的抑菌活性。【结论】本研究第一次成功的在大肠杆菌中诱导表达了修饰合成的抗菌肽 BhSGAMP-1-S,纯化后的抗菌肽具有很好的抑菌活性,这为进一步研究和应用奠定了基础。     

抗菌肽Pexiganan和IB-367的基因克隆及表达

目的:为开发新的抗菌药,通过基因工程手段获得能够表达抗菌肽Pexiganan和IB-367的工程菌株。方法:人工合成2种抗菌肽Pexiganan和IB-367基因,构建相应的GST融合表达载体,转化大肠杆菌后筛选阳性克隆,通过SDS-PAGE和Western印迹验证目的蛋白的表达。结果:获得了2株分别表达Pexiganan-GST融合蛋白和IB-367-GST融合蛋白的工程菌株。结论:通过基因工程方法,可以融合蛋白的形式获得小分子多肽Pexiganan和IB-367。     

抗菌肽CM4与人可溶性B淋巴细胞因子hsBAFF在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

为进一步探讨抗菌肽CM4的原核表达及其生物学功能,本实验研究了抗菌肽CM4与人可溶性B淋巴细胞刺激因子hsBAFF的融合表达及抗菌肽CM4的生物学活性。运用PCR把B淋巴细胞因子hsBAFF和家蚕抗菌肽CM4进行基因融合,构建了融合表达载体pET28a (+)/CM4-hsBAFF,并在大肠杆菌中获得高可溶性表达的融合靶蛋白,且存在于超声破碎后的上清,经分子筛Sephadex G-75纯化后的重组融合蛋白用SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析鉴定.SDS-PAGE分析表明：可以通过分子筛一步纯化得到融合蛋白,该重组融合蛋白的分子量约22.0 KDa。Western blot结果显示该重组蛋白能与鼠抗人hsBAFF的抗体发生特异性反应.运用基因工程的方法获得CM4-hsBAFF重组融合蛋白,并具有很好的抑菌生物学活性。     

抗菌肽CP10A在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

CP10A是一种由抗菌肽Indolicine经过序列改造,且对多数革兰氏阳性病源细菌具有较强抗菌活性的多肽序列。本研究根据已报道的CP10A氨基酸序列,兼顾大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,设计CP10A的核苷酸序列,利用PCR技术合成相应的DNA序列,后克隆构建重组表达载体pET32a（+）-CP10A,转入大肠杆菌AD494菌株。经IPTG诱导表达和15% SDS-PAGE电泳检测后发现产物以包涵体形式存在,且融合表达量占总蛋白的50%。在变性条件下经Ni-NTA亲合柱层析及复性,最终获得了较高纯度的可溶性重组蛋白。本研究首次实现了CP10A抗菌肽在大肠杆菌中的融合表达,为进一步研究其生物学活性及应用奠定了一定的基础,同时也为研究抗菌肽表达提供了一种方法。     

抗菌肽CPIOA在大肠杆菌中的融合表达

CPIOA是一种由抗菌肽Indolicine经过序列改造,且对多数革兰氏阳性病源细菌具有较强抗菌活性的多肽序列。研究根据已报道的CP10A氨基酸序列,兼顾大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,设计CP10A的核苷酸序列,利用PCR技术合成相应的DNA序列,后克隆构建重组表达载体pET32a（＋）-CP10A,转入大肠杆菌AIM94菌株。经IPTC诱导表达和15％SDS—PAGE电泳检测后发现产物以包涵体形式存在,且融合表达量占总蛋白的50％。在变性条件下经Ni—NTA亲合柱层析及复性,最终获得了较高纯度的可溶性重组蛋白。研究首次实现了CPl0A抗菌肽在大肠杆菌中的融合表达,为进一步研究其生物学活性及应用奠定了一定的基础,同时也为研究抗菌肽表达提供了一种方法。     

抗菌肽PekⅡ基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达及初步纯化

目的：研究抗菌肽PekⅡ基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达并初步纯化。方法：根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏好性,人工设计并合成2段核苷酸序列,退火获得PekⅡ基因;将此基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-2中,构建成抗菌肽基因PekⅡ融合表达载体pGEX-PekⅡ,转化至大肠杆菌BL21中,用IPTG进行诱导。取超声破碎后的上清经Glutathione SepharoseTM4亲和层析得到纯化融合蛋白。结果：PCR和测序表明已获得正确PekⅡ编码基因,SDS-PAGE显示29kD处有特异性的蛋白条带出现,纯化得到的GST-PekⅡ经MALDI-TOFMS分析得出其相对分子质量为29553．03。结论：抗菌肽PekⅡ基因在大肠杆菌中的融合表达获得成功,初步纯化得到纯品。     

一新富含甘氨酸果蝇抗菌肽在大肠杆菌中的优化表达

目的：探索大肠杆菌原核表达系统制备具有生物功能的抗菌肽的最佳诱导条件。方法：将富甘氨酸果蝇抗菌肽基因的核心片段构建表达载体pET32a＋中,经序列分析证实基因序列的正确性。在不同温度、不同时间和不同IPTG浓度进行诱导后,用15％SDS—PAGE检测融合蛋白的表达,发现有一条分子量约8kD的新增蛋白条带。结果：研究表明在37℃菌液OD值0．8时诱导7h蛋白表达量最高（IPTG0．7mmol/L,AMP100μg/ml,0．3％Glu）。结论：获得了抗菌肽表达的最佳诱导条件,为大量诱导产生该抗菌肽奠定了理论基础。     

黄鳍金枪鱼抗菌肽YFGAP在大肠杆菌中融合表达及其活性检测

【目的】抗菌肽YFGAP由32个氨基酸组成,分子量为3.4 kD,对革兰氏阳性菌(G+)和革兰氏阴性菌(G?)表现出强效的抑制作用,不具有溶血活性。在大肠杆菌中表达抗菌肽YFGAP,分离纯化抗菌肽并鉴定其生物学活性。【方法】化学合成EK-YFGAP和L-EK-YFGAP基因序列,构建表达载体pET22b-ELP20-EK-YFGAP、pET22b-ELP40-EK-YFGAP和pET22b-ELP40-L-EK- YFGAP,分别转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,可逆相变循环纯化融合蛋白。肠激酶酶切,经Vivaspin Turbo纯化柱纯化,测定重组抗菌肽的抑菌活性和溶血活性。【结果】纯化出两种融合蛋白ELP40-EK-YFGAP和ELP40-L-EK-YFGAP,肠激酶酶切纯化后获得重组抗菌肽YFGAP,对4种病原菌均有抑制效果,溶血活性较低。【结论】以ELPs作为非色谱纯化标签,实现了抗菌肽YFGAP的融合表达,具有操作简单、成本低、易于扩大的优势,为重组抗菌肽的量化制备及应用提供了理论基础和技术支持。     

菌丝霉素MP1106融合蛋白的复性及纯化方法

旨在建立高效、快捷的菌丝霉素衍生物MP1106大肠杆菌表达系统。通过基因融合的方式构建生物表面活性剂-菌丝霉素衍生物(DAMP_4-MP1106)融合蛋白表达载体,在大肠杆菌中进行表达;并对目的蛋白MP1106进行分离纯化和分子内二硫键鉴定。结果显示,融合蛋白DAMP_4-MP1106在大肠杆菌中以包涵体的形式成功表达,表达产物在变性条件下经Ni~(2+)-NTA亲和层析纯化;经检测分析,摇瓶中DAMP_4-MP1106的发酵产量为118 mg/L,纯度为94.7%;采用96孔板筛选并建立复性方法,获得水溶性融合蛋白DAMP_4-MP1106;并经TEV蛋白酶酶切以及二次Ni~(2+)-NTA亲和层析纯化,可获得纯度为99%的抗菌肽MP1106 18mg/L,回收率达到了38.4%。通过简捷方法快速鉴定分子内的二硫键,初步证实了抗菌肽MP1106完成了分子内结构正确折叠。建立了高效快捷的菌丝霉素大肠杆菌表达系统。     

Recombinant production of antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli: a review

Antimicrobial peptides are of great interest due to their potential application as novel antibiotics. Large quantities of highly purified peptides are required to meet the needs of basic research and clinical trials. Compared with isolation from natural sources and chemical synthesis, recombinant approach offers the most cost-effective means for large-scale peptide manufacture. Among the systems available for heterologous protein production, Escherichia coli has been the most widely used host. Antimicrobial peptides produced in E. coli are often expressed as fusion proteins, a strategy necessary to mask these peptides' lethal effect towards the host and protect them from proteolytic degradation. The present article reviews commonly used fusion partners (e.g., solubility-enhancing, aggregation-promoting and self-cleavable carriers, etc.), cleavage methods and optimization options for antimicrobial peptides production in E. coli. In addition, the various approaches developed to generate recombinant human antimicrobial peptide LL-37, which offer excellent examples demonstrating effective production strategies, were briefly discussed.     

棘胸蛙抗菌肽Spinosan-C的串联表达与活性检测

为克服抗菌肽易被蛋白酶降解及对宿主大肠杆菌的杀伤作用,并进一步提高大肠杆菌系统的表达能力,以棘胸蛙Paa spinosa抗菌肽Spinosan-C为研究对象,按照大肠杆菌密码子利用频率进行密码子优化,设计合成8拷贝的串联8×Spinosan-C基因,将合成的串联基因克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体p ET-28a,利用大肠杆菌感受态细胞Rosetta进行原核表达,获得高效表达的串联8×Spinosan-C重组蛋白,用甲酸专一性切割得到抗菌肽Spinosan-C单体。体外抑菌试验表明,切割后的抗菌肽Spinosan-C单体对测试菌生长具有抑制作用,为蛙类抗菌肽的规模化制备提供了参考。     

High-level expression of antimicrobial peptide mediated by a fusion partner reinforcing formation of inclusion bodies

A gene expression system for antimicrobial peptides, which could be effectively used for various studies or applications of the antimicrobial peptides, has been developed. To avoid the harmful effects on an expression host, Escherichia coli, the antimicrobial peptides were expressed as fusion proteins with a polypeptide F4, which is a truncated PurF fragment that highly tends to form inclusion bodies. Seven different kinds of antimicrobial peptides have been successfully expressed by this expression system and the resulting expression level of fusion proteins reached up to 30% of total cell proteins. To confirm the identity of the recombinant peptide, MSI-344 was selected as a model peptide and purified to homogeneity, and we could obtain the recombinant MSI-344 of a high purity and with a good yield, which was identical to the authentic peptide in the aspects of the chemical and antimicrobial properties. These results show that the neutral fusion partner, which reinforces the formation of inclusion bodies, could mediate a high-level expression of the antimicrobial peptides.     

Production of recombinant peptides as fusions with SUMO

Recombinant production of non-native peptides requires using protein fusion technology to prevent peptide degradation by host-cell proteases. In this work, we have used SUMO protein as a fusion partner for the production of difficult-to-express, antimicrobial, self-assembling and amyloidogenic peptides using Escherichia coli. SUMO-peptide fusions were expressed as intracellular products by utilizing pET based expression vectors constructed by Life Sensors Inc., USA. Histidine tagged SUMO-peptide fusions were purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Complete (100%) cleavage of the SUMO-peptide fusion was achieved using SUMO protease-1. Our findings demonstrate that SUMO fusion technology is a promising alternative for production of peptides in E. coli. The key advantage of this technology is that the enzymatic activity of SUMO protease-1 is specific and efficient leading to inexpensive costs for cleaving the peptide fusion when compared with other fusion systems.     

Facilitation of expression and purification of an antimicrobial peptide by fusion with baculoviral polyhedrin in Escherichia coli

Several fusion strategies have been developed for the expression and purification of small antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in recombinant bacterial expression systems. However, some of these efforts have been limited by product toxicity to host cells, product proteolysis, low expression levels, poor recovery yields, and sometimes an absence of posttranslational modifications required for biological activity. For the present work, we investigated the use of the baculoviral polyhedrin (Polh) protein as a novel fusion partner for the production of a model AMP (halocidin 18-amino-acid subunit; Hal18) in Escherichia coli. The useful solubility properties of Polh as a fusion partner facilitated the expression of the Polh-Hal18 fusion protein ( approximately 33.6 kDa) by forming insoluble inclusion bodies in E. coli which could easily be purified by inclusion body isolation and affinity purification using the fused hexahistidine tag. The recombinant Hal18 AMP ( approximately 2 kDa) could then be cleaved with hydroxylamine from the fusion protein and easily recovered by simple dialysis and centrifugation. This was facilitated by the fact that Polh was soluble during the alkaline cleavage reaction but became insoluble during dialysis at a neutral pH. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to further purify the separated recombinant Hal18, giving a final yield of 30% with >90% purity. Importantly, recombinant and synthetic Hal18 peptides showed nearly identical antimicrobial activities against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, which were used as representative gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. These results demonstrate that baculoviral Polh can provide an efficient and facile platform for the production or functional study of target AMPs.     

两种水生动物抗菌肽的原核表达及活性分析

将两种水生动物分泌的抗菌肽基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1上,构建了pGEX-Y18和pGEX-CEC1两个融合蛋白表达载体,转化至E.coli Rosetta 中进行表达,表达的融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。融合蛋白经复性、酶切处理获得抗菌肽Y18和CEC1。抑菌实验结果表明:融合蛋白GST-Y18和GST-CEC1、抗菌肽Y18和CEC1都能有效地抑制E. coli DH5α、S. aureus、B. subtilis和S. cerevisiae的生长。     

Expression of a cytotoxic cationic antibacterial peptide in Escherichia coli using two fusion partners

It has been reported that it is difficult to express cationic antibacterial peptides in engineered bacteria because such peptides are highly toxic to the host bacteria cells and sensitive to intracellular proteases. Antibacterial peptide CM4 (ABP-CM4) is a small cationic peptide with broad-spectrum activities against bacteria, fungi and tumor cells, which may possibly be used as an antimicrobial agent. Here we tried to express ABP-CM4 in Escherichia coli cells using either the GST fusion system or the intein-mediated fusion expression system. In order to investigate the possible use of these two fusion partners in cationic small peptide expression and purification, a mutant ABP-CMt, which is a highly positively charged peptide with +9 charges at neutral pH, was designed. In the present study, we have shown that both ABP-CM4 and ABP-CMt peptides can be expressed and purified by the intein-mediated expression system but not by the GST fusion expression system. Thus the intein-mediated peptide expression and purification system potentially could be employed for the production of recombinant protease-sensitive and cytotoxic peptides.     

EGFP as a fusion partner for the expression and organic extraction of small polypeptides

Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is widely used as an excellent reporter module of the fusion proteins. The unique structure of GFP allows isolation of the active fluorescent protein directly from the crude cellular sources by extraction with organic solvents. We demonstrated the stable expression of four short polypeptides fused to GFP in Escherichia coli cells, including antimicrobial cationic peptides, which normally kill bacteria. EGFP module protected fusion partners from the intracellular degradation and allowed the purification of the chimerical proteins by organic extraction. The nature of the polypeptide fused to GFP, as opposed to the order of GFP and the polypeptide modules in the fusion protein, influenced the efficiency of the described purification technique.     

Recombinant expression of indolicidin concatamers in Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates and invertebrates. They are active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. Currently, most antimicrobial peptides are extracted from host organisms or produced by solid-phase peptide synthesis. Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli is a tool for greater production yields at a decreased cost and reduces the use of hazardous materials. We have constructed a concatamer of indolicidin and successfully expressed a fusion product with thioredoxin in E. coli BL21DE3. Codons for methionine residues flanking individual indolicidin genes were incorporated for cyanogen bromide cleavage of the fusion protein and liberation of active monomeric indolicidin. Peptide yields of 150 μg/l monomeric indolicidin were achieved in this first report of recombinant production of indolicidin with demonstrated antimicrobial activity.