SYBR Green Ⅰ实时荧光定量RT-PCR测定猴免疫缺陷病毒RNA拷贝数方法的建立

目的 建立SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光染料实时定量RT-PCR方法,测定猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)RNA拷贝数.方法 巢式RT-PCR扩增SIV病毒RNA gag基因上1360-1837之间的长度为477 bp的片段,将该片段克隆到pGEM T载体上,构建pGEM-SIVgag477质粒.该质粒经限制性内切酶Not I酶切后,进行体外转录,转录出的RNA产物(RS)纯化后10倍系列稀释,作出标准曲线,作为SIV病毒RNA荧光定量检测的外标准品.结果 应用Qiagen公司QuantiTect SYBR GREEN RT-PCR Kit,该标准品可精确定量到100 copies/μL.结论 制备的RS外标准品纯度高,SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光染料实时定量RT-PCR法特异性、敏感性高,稳定性好,可用于定量测定猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)RNA拷贝数.     

SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量RT-PCR测定肠道病毒71型（EV71）RNA拷贝数方法的建立

目的建立SYBR GreenⅠ荧光染料实时定量RT-PCR方法,测定实验动物等来源的EV71病毒RNA。方法运用EV71VP1保守区引物,优化real time RT-PCR条件,运用NASBA方法扩增EV71病毒RNA,计算拷贝数,经10倍系列稀释做出标准曲线,作为EV71病毒RNA定量检测的外标准品。结果应用Qiagen公司QuantiTect SYBR Green RT-PCR Kit,该标准品可精确定量到100copies/μL,PCR扩增效率达到99.5%。结论 SYBRGreenⅠ荧光染料实时定量PCR法测定EV71病毒RNA拷贝数的方法敏感性高、稳定性好,可用于EV71病毒RNA载量的定量测定。     

NASBA方法制备HIV／SHIV RNA定量测定标准品及其应用

目的应用NASBA方法制备SIV／SHIV RNA定量测定标准品。方法应用NASBA方法直接扩增SIVmac251病毒gag基因上1476～1685之间的片段,扩增的RNA产物（RS-NASBA）纯化后10倍系列稀释,测定定量曲线、标准曲线,测定该标准品的稳定性和重复性。结果应用Qiagen公司QuantiTect SYBR GREEN RT-PCRKit,该标准品可精确定量到2．033×10 copies／μL。结论外标准品RS．NASBA纯度高,稳定性好,可用于定量测定SIV／SHIV RNA拷贝数。     

猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

目的建立快速、敏感、特异的猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,对SIV病毒核酸进行定量检测。方法RT—PCR扩增SIVmac251保守gag基因序列796bp片段,进行TA克隆,构建标准品质粒pMD—SIVgag。通过对SIV定量外标准品的定量分析,优化反应体系,检测TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR方法的灵敏度、特异性和重复性。结果所建立的SIVQPCR检测方法,质粒DNA模板在10’～10。拷贝之间表现较好线性和相关性,标准曲线所得斜率为-3．26,相关系数为0．999。检测灵敏度达到200拷贝,方法重复性测试,检测25份临床样品CV％均小于1％。结论建立的SIVQPCR检测方法特异性、敏感性高,稳定性好,可用于定量测定猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）核酸拷贝量。     

应用改良的实时TaqMan荧光定量 RT-PCR技术检测口蹄疫病毒及其3D基因转录水平

将改良的实时TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR技术应用于口蹄疫病毒感染体内和体外的定量检测以及其3D基因转录水平分析.结果表明对样品中口蹄疫病毒基因组RNA的检测灵敏度可达l0个基因拷贝,可同时检测病毒正负链复制水平且重复性较好,所测口蹄疫病毒3D基因转录水平可高达6.9×104拷贝/μL;与实时SYBR GreenⅠ染料RT-PCR技术比较,改良的实时TagMan荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测灵敏度高6.7倍.以上结果证实,改良的实时TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR技术在病毒检测和基因表达水平分析方面有更高的灵敏度和特异性.     

SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光RT-PCR法检测贝类中的诺如病毒

针对诺如病毒II型的保守区域设计引物,建立了SYBR Green I实时荧光RT-PCR检测诺如病毒II型的反应体系。此方法的病毒检测下限达到102拷贝,标准曲线的线形范围为102~106拷贝,相关系数为0.9952,斜率为?2.982,截距为35.84。对诺如病毒II型检测特异,与轮状病毒、腺病毒、甲肝病毒、星状病毒无交叉反应。针对质粒标准品检测的批内试验变异系数(CV)为0.95%~1.69%(n=5),批间试验CV为0.87%~1.24%(n=3)。运用此方法随机检测30份贝类水产品,检测出2份阳性样品。结果表明,SYBR Green I荧光RT-PCR检测诺如病毒II型的方法灵敏、特异、重复性好,可应用于贝类水产品的快速检测。     

SYBR Green I荧光RT-PCR法检测贝类中的诺如病毒

针对诺如病毒II型的保守区域设计引物,建立了SYBR Green I实时荧光RT-PCR检测诺如病毒II型的反应体系。此方法的病毒检测下限达到102拷贝,标准曲线的线形范围为102~106拷贝,相关系数为0.9952,斜率为?2.982,截距为35.84。对诺如病毒II型检测特异,与轮状病毒、腺病毒、甲肝病毒、星状病毒无交叉反应。针对质粒标准品检测的批内试验变异系数 (CV) 为0.95％~1.69％ (n=5),批间试验CV为0.87％~1.24％ (n=3)。运用此方法随机检测30份贝类水产品,检测出2份阳性样品。结果表明,SYBR Green I荧光RT-PCR检测诺如病毒II型的方法灵敏、特异、重复性好,可应用于贝类水产品的快速检测。     

腐皮镰刀菌SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

目的建立一种能够快速、灵敏、特异的鉴定腐皮镰刀菌的SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR。方法运用SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR反应体系检测腐皮镰刀菌,并对此方法的特异性、灵敏度和稳定性进行评价。结果通过对45例样品的检测,结果显示SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR特异性好,其检出率高于普通PCR;灵敏度高,对重组质粒标准品的检测灵敏度为1.0×10~2copies/μL;稳定性好,对质粒为1.0×10~7copies/μL、1.0×10~5copies/μL、1.0×10~3copies/μL的标准品重复检测10次,结果显示扩增反应Ct值的变异系数为0.96%~1.68%。结论SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR检测腐皮镰刀菌,不仅特异性好,灵敏度高,稳定性好,而且简便、快速、易操作。     

JEV-DNA实时荧光定量标准品的构建

利用TaqMan荧光定量PCR技术,建立JEV-DNA定量标准品的制备方法。通过处理JEV减毒活疫苗提取病毒RNA,进行RT-PCR扩增目的片段,与T载体连接,转化感受态细胞,T-A克隆,测序鉴定后定量。获得预期的重组质粒,建立的标准曲线有较大的线性范围。此法制备的重组质粒标准品可用于对病毒载量进行测定。     

人4型腺病毒拷贝数SYBR Green Ⅰ实时定量PCR检测方法的建立

目的:建立检测人4型腺病毒拷贝数的荧光定量PCR方法。方法:提取本实验室构建的4型腺病毒全基因组质粒,以梯度稀释质粒为标准模板,选取人4型腺病毒六邻体区域基因设计一对特异性引物,进行SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量PCR扩增并制作标准曲线。结果:标准曲线为y=-4.284x+53.468,由全基因组质粒所构建的标准曲线线性关系良好,扩增反应Ct值与拷贝数的对数呈线性关系(R2=0.999 609),检出敏感度可达1×102拷贝/μL,且与其他几种腺病毒无交叉反应。用该方法检测4型腺病毒感染细胞2、12和24 h后的病毒拷贝数,其病毒拷贝数随时间增加,与细胞病变(CPE)变化保持一致,且荧光定量PCR的测量结果稳定(变异系数6%)。结论:建立了检测人4型腺病毒基因拷贝数的荧光定量RT-PCR方法,该方法灵敏度高、特异性强。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.