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1.
CaiMei Zheng IJen Chiu YuWei Chen YungHo Hsu LieYee Hung MeiYi Wu YuhFeng Lin ChiaTe Liao YiPei Hung ChiaChu Tsai YihGiun Cherng MaiSzu Wu 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2022,26(10):2972
The purpose of this phase I clinical trial is to assess the safety and tolerability of allogeneic adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. 12 eligible CKD patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15–44 ml/min/1.73 m2 received one dose of intravenous allogeneic ADSCs (ELIXCYTE®), as 3 groups: 3 low dose (6.4 × 107 cells in total of 8 ml), 3 middle dose (19.2 × 107 cells in total of 24 ml) and 6 high dose (32.0 × 107 cells in total of 40 ml) of ELIXCYTE® and evaluated after 48 weeks. Primary endpoint was the safety profiles in terms of incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse event (SAE). Two subjects in high dose group experienced a total of 2 treatment‐related AEs which are Grade 1 slow speech and Grade 1 bradyphrenia after the infusion. One subject in middle dose group experienced an SAE unlikely related to treatment, grade 2 proteinuria. No fatal AE was reported in this study. An increase in eGFR was observed in 7 out of 12 subjects (58%) at Week 24 and in 6 of 12 subjects (50%) by Week 48. By Week 24, an increase in eGFR by more than 20% among all CKD patients with baseline eGFR ≧ 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 as compared to only 2 subjects in baseline eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 group. No significant reduction in proteinuria was noted among all subjects. This phase I trial demonstrated single‐dose intravenous ELIXCYTE was well tolerated in moderate‐to‐severe CKD patients and its preliminary efficacy warrants future studies. 相似文献
2.
Pren Naidoo Rory Dunbar Carl Lombard Elizabeth du Toit Judy Caldwell Anne Detjen S. Bertel Squire Donald A. Enarson Nulda Beyers 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
Setting
Primary health services in Cape Town, South Africa.Study Aim
To compare tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic yield in an existing smear/culture-based and a newly introduced Xpert® MTB/RIF-based algorithm.Methods
TB diagnostic yield (the proportion of presumptive TB cases with a laboratory diagnosis of TB) was assessed using a non-randomised stepped-wedge design as sites transitioned to the Xpert® based algorithm. We identified the full sequence of sputum tests recorded in the electronic laboratory database for presumptive TB cases from 60 primary health sites during seven one-month time-points, six months apart. Differences in TB yield and temporal trends were estimated using a binomial regression model.Results
TB yield was 20.9% (95% CI 19.9% to 22.0%) in the smear/culture-based algorithm compared to 17.9% (95%CI 16.4% to 19.5%) in the Xpert® based algorithm. There was a decline in TB yield over time with a mean risk difference of -0.9% (95% CI -1.2% to -0.6%) (p<0.001) per time-point. When estimates were adjusted for the temporal trend, TB yield was 19.1% (95% CI 17.6% to 20.5%) in the smear/culture-based algorithm compared to 19.3% (95% CI 17.7% to 20.9%) in the Xpert® based algorithm with a risk difference of 0.3% (95% CI -1.8% to 2.3%) (p = 0.796). Culture tests were undertaken for 35.5% of smear-negative compared to 17.9% of Xpert® negative low MDR-TB risk cases and for 82.6% of smear-negative compared to 40.5% of Xpert® negative high MDR-TB risk cases in respective algorithms.Conclusion
Introduction of an Xpert® based algorithm did not produce the expected increase in TB diagnostic yield. Studies are required to assess whether improving adherence to the Xpert® negative algorithm for HIV-infected individuals will increase yield. In light of the high cost of Xpert®, a review of its role as a screening test for all presumptive TB cases may be warranted. 相似文献3.
Stephanie Fichtner Tilko Reents Sonia Ammar Verena Semmler Susanne Kathan Roger Dillier Alexandra Buiatti Gabriele Hessling Isabel Deisenhofer 《Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal》2015,15(3):152-157
Introduction
Pulmonary vein reconnection after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a significant problem in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). We report about patients who underwent contact force (CF) guided PVI using CF catheter and compared them to patients with PVI using an ablation catheter with enhanced tip irrigation.Methods
A total of 59 patients were included in the analysis. In 30 patients circumferential PVI was performed using the Thermocool Smarttouch® ablation catheter (ST) whereas in 29 patients circumferential PVI using the Thermocool Surround Flow SF® ablation catheter (SF) was performed. Patients were compared in regard to procedure time, fluoroscopy time/dose as well as RF-application duration and completeness of PVI. Adverse events (pericardial effusion, PV stenosis, stroke, death) were evaluated. The presence of sinus rhythm off antiarrhythmic medication was assessed during 6 months follow-up using multiple 7 day Holter-ECGs.Results
In both groups, all PVs were isolated without serious adverse events. Procedure time was 2.15 ± 0.5 h (ST) vs. 2.37 ± 1.13 h (SF) (p = 0.19). Duration of RF-applications was 46.6 ± 18 min (ST) and 49.8 ± 19 min (SF) (p = 0.52). Fluoroscopy time was 25.2 ± 13 min (ST) vs. 29 ± 18 min (SF), fluoroscopy dose 2675.6 ± 1658 versus 3038.3 ± 1997 cGym2 (p = 0.36 and 0.46 respectively). Sinus rhythm off antiarrhythmic medication validated with 7 day Holter ECGs was present in both groups in 72% of patients after 6 months of follow up.Conclusion
PVI using the new contact force catheter is safe and effective in patients with paroxysmal AF. 相似文献4.
Effect of chlorpyrifos on healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions after treatment with Pentostam®
Asya N. Al-Dawood Ramadan A. Al-Ghazal May H. Al-Jaser Galila M. Khalil 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2009,16(1):31-36
The insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) is widely used in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to control agricultural pests. The present work is a preliminary investigation of the effect of CPF on healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions, caused by Leishmania major in farmers exposed to this insecticide, after treatment with Pentostam®. Lesion diameters were measured and CPF concentrations in the blood plasma of farmer and non-farmer CL patients in Al-Ahsa were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry before and 6 weeks after treatment with Pentostam®. CPF concentrations in the blood of farmer patients ranged between 4.570 and 7.096 ng/μl (mean = 6.19 ± 0.881 ng/μl) before and after treatment with Pentostam®. The mean lesion diameter in these patients decreased by a factor of 2.21 after treatment with Pentostam®; they measured 1.85–11.75 mm, (mean = 6.165 ± 3.500 mm) before treatment and 0.22–6.10 mm (mean = 2.796 ± 2.102 mm) after treatment. Lesion diameter increased exponentially with the increase of CPF concentration in the patients’ blood. CPF was not detected in the non-farmer patients before or after treatment. Their mean lesion diameter decreased by a factor of 6.86 after treatment with Pentostam®; they measured 1.33–7.10 mm (mean = 2.882 ± 1.764 mm) before treatment and 0.11–0.92 mm (mean = 0.425 ± 0.277 mm) after treatment. The mean lesion diameter in farmer patients was much greater than that of non-farmer patients both before (2.14×) and after (6.657×) treatment with Pentostam®. Chronic exposure to low levels of the pesticide aggravates the development and delays the healing of CL lesions due to immunotoxicity and/or peripheral neurotoxicity caused by CPF. Further detailed studies would assess CPF effect on the severity of infection with CL in agricultural workers continuously exposed to this insecticide in different areas of KSA in conformity of their finding. 相似文献
5.
Khalid Al-Khaldi Nurhusien Yimer Samir Al-Bulushi Abd Wahid Haron Mark Hiew Abdul Salam Babji 《Animal Reproduction》2021,18(2)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding different concentrations of edible bird’s nest (EBN) which is secreted by swiftlet birds (Aerodramus fuciphagus), into EquiPlus® and E-Z Mixin® extenders on the quality of chilled Arabian stallion semen at various storage times (0, 24 and 48 h). Ten ejaculates were collected from five stallions, and diluted using the two extenders containing 0% (control), 0.12%, 0.24% and 0.24% of EBN + seminal plasma (SP). All the diluted semen samples were then cooled and stored at 5 °C, and examined at 0, 24 and 48 h. Sperm kinetic parameters were assessed using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and viability were assessed using Hoechst33342/PI stain. In both extenders, total motility (TM) and progressive motility (PM) were significantly higher at 0.12% and 0.24% compared to 0.24% + SP at 24 and 48 h. At 0.12%, E-Z mixin® treated semen had significantly higher TM and PM than EquiPlus® at 24 and 48 h. At 0.12% and 0.24%, average path velocity (VAP), straight-line velocity (VSL) and curvilinear velocity (VCL) were significantly higher in E-Z mixin® treated semen compared to EquiPlus® at 24 and 48 h. Comparisons between the two extender types at different concentrations of EBN showed no significant difference in lateral head amplitude (ALH), linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), beat cross frequency (BCF) and viability, irrespective of the storage time. The percentage of viable was significantly higher in E-Z mixin® than EquiPlus® at 0 and 48 h in control and 0.12%. Supplementation of the E-Z mixin® extender with 0.12% and 0.24% EBN concentrations in the absence of SP provided better CASA parameters such as TM, PM, VAP, VSL, and VCL at 24 and 48 h storage time. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that chilled semen from Arabian stallion that was extended using E-Z mixin® and supplemented with 0.12% and 0.24% EBN concentrations performed better and yielded superior results in sperm kinetic parameters and % viable compared to EquiPlus® at 24 and 48 h storage time. 相似文献
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7.
Liliane Maria Vidal Siqueira Luciana Inácia Gomes Edward Oliveira Eduardo Ribeiro de Oliveira áureo Almeida de Oliveira Martin Johannes Enk Nídia Figueiredo Carneiro Ana Rabello Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(2):209-214
This study evaluated parasitological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis and
assessment of cure of schistosomiasis mansoni. A population-based study was performed
in 201 inhabitants from a low transmission locality named Pedra Preta, municipality
of Montes Claros, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Four stool samples were analysed
using two techniques, the Kato-Katz® (KK) technique (18 slides) and the
TF-Test®, to establish the infection rate. The positivity rate of 18 KK
slides of four stool samples was 28.9% (58/201) and the combined parasitological
techniques (KK+TF-Test®) produced a 35.8% positivity rate (72/201).
Furthermore, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-ELISA assay produced a positivity rate
of 23.4% (47/201) using the first sample. All 72 patients with positive
parasitological exams were treated with a single dose of Praziquantel® and
these patients were followed-up 30, 90 and 180 days after treatment to establish the
cure rate. Cure rates obtained by the analysis of 12 KK slides were 100%, 100% and
98.4% at 30, 90 and 180 days after treatment, respectively. PCR-ELISA revealed cure
rates of 98.5%, 95.5% and 96.5%, respectively. The diagnostic and assessment of cure
for schistosomiasis may require an increased number of KK slides or a test with
higher sensitivity, such as PCR-ELISA, in situations of very low parasite load, such
as after therapeutic interventions. 相似文献
8.
Tamao Shinohara Kevin Y. Urayama Atsushi Watanabe Koshi Akahane Kumiko Goi Meixian Huang Keiko Kagami Masako Abe Kanji Sugita Yukinori Okada Hiroaki Goto Masayoshi Minegishi Shotaro Iwamoto Takeshi Inukai 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(22):12920
Identification of genetic variants associated with glucocorticoids (GC) sensitivity of leukaemia cells may provide insight into potential drug targets and tailored therapy. In the present study, within 72 leukaemic cell lines derived from Japanese patients with B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), we conducted genome‐wide genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and attempted to identify genetic variants associated with GC sensitivity and NR3C1 (GC receptor) gene expression. IC50 measures for prednisolone (Pred) and dexamethasone (Dex) were available using an alamarBlue cell viability assay. IC50 values of Pred showed the strongest association with rs904419 (P = 4.34 × 10−8), located between the FRMD4B and MITF genes. The median IC50 values of prednisolone for cell lines with rs904419 AA (n = 13), AG (n = 31) and GG (n = 28) genotypes were 0.089, 0.139 and 297 µmol/L, respectively. For dexamethasone sensitivity, suggestive association was observed for SNP rs2306888 (P = 1.43 × 10−6), a synonymous SNP of the TGFBR3 gene. For NR3C1 gene expression, suggestive association was observed for SNP rs11982167 (P = 6.44 × 10−8), located in the PLEKHA8 gene. These genetic variants may affect GC sensitivity of ALL cells and may give rise to opportunities in personalized medicine for effective and safe chemotherapy in ALL patients. 相似文献
9.
Liposomal encapsulated cytarabine (DepoCyte®, Mundipharma GmbH, Limburg/Lahn, Germany) is a slow-release formulation of conventional cytarabine. It is licensed for intrathecal use in patients with lymphomatous and leukemic meningitis. DepoCyte® obtained superior response rates, improved patient quality of life and improved the time to neurological progression in a randomized albeit small clinical trial. In this review we briefly summarize the clinical data and discuss them in light of clinical problems and possible treatment scenarios. 相似文献
10.
Marcelo Soto Laura Sampietro-Colom Anna Vilella Efraín Pantoja María Asenjo Ruth Arjona Juan Carlos Hurtado Antoni Trilla Míriam José Alvarez-Martínez Aurea Mira Jordi Vila María Angeles Marcos 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Seasonal influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality and has a substantial economic impact on the healthcare system. The main objective of this study was to compare the cost per patient for a rapid commercial PCR assay (Xpert® Flu) with an in-house real-time PCR test for detecting influenza virus. Community patients with influenza like-illness attending the Emergency Department (ED) as well as hospitalized patients in the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona were included. Costs were evaluated from the perspective of the hospital considering the use of resources directly related to influenza testing and treatment. For the purpose of this study, 366 and 691 patients were tested in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The Xpert® Flu test reduced the mean waiting time for patients in the ED by 9.1 hours and decreased the mean isolation time of hospitalized patients by 23.7 hours. This was associated with a 103€ (or about $113) reduction in the cost per patient tested in the ED and 64€ ($70) per hospitalized patient. Sensitivity analyses showed that Xpert® Flu is likely to be cost-saving in hospitals with different contexts and prices. 相似文献
11.
Beatriz E. Amendola Marco Amendola Naipy Perez Alejandro Iglesias Xiaodong Wu 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2013,18(6):383-386
Aim/background
To evaluate how the use of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with RapidArc® can improve treatment delivery efficiency based on the analysis of the beam-on times and monitor units (MU) needed to deliver therapy for multiple clinical applications in a large patient population.Materials and methods
A total of 898 treatment courses were delivered in 745 patients treated from October 2008 to March 2013 using RapidArc® treatment plans generated in Eclipse™ TPS. All patients were treated with curative or palliative intent using different techniques including conventional fractionation (83%) and radiosurgery or SBRT (17%), depending on the clinical indications. Treatment delivery was evaluated based on measured beam-on time and recorded MU values delivered on a Varian Trilogy™ linear accelerator.Results
For conventional fractionation treatments using RapidArc®, the delivery times ranged from 38 s to 4 min and 40 s (average 2 min and 6 s). For radiosurgical treatments the delivery times ranged from 1 min and 42 s to 9 min and 22 s (average 4 min and 4 s). The average number of MU per Gy was 301 for the entire group, with 285 for the conventional group and 317 for the radiosurgical group.Conclusions
In this study with a large heterogeneous population, treatments using RapidArc® were delivered with substantially less beam-on time and fewer MUs than conventional fractionation. This was highly advantageous, increasing flexibility of the scheduling allowing treatment of radiosurgery patients during the regular daily work schedule. Additionally, reduction of leakage radiation dose was achieved. 相似文献12.
Emily M. Mulcahy Jo B. Hudson Sean A. Beggs David W. Reid Louise F. Roddam Margaret A. Cooley 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have been reported to make lung T cell responses that are biased towards T helper (Th) 2 or Th17. We hypothesized that CF-related T cell regulatory defects could be detected by analyzing CD4+ lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 42 CF patients (6 months–53 years old) and 78 healthy controls (2–61 years old) were analyzed for Th1 (IFN-γ+), Th2 (IL-4+), Th17 (IL-17+), Treg (FOXP3+), IL-10+ and TGF-β+ CD4+ cells. We observed higher proportions of Treg, IL-10+ and TGF-β+ CD4+ cells in CF adults (≥ 18 years old), but not children/adolescents, compared with controls. Within the CF group, high TGF-β+% was associated with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection (p < 0.006). We observed no significant differences between control and CF groups in the proportions of Th1, Th2 or Th17 cells, and no association within the CF group of any subset with sex, CFTR genotype, or clinical exacerbation. However, high Th17% was strongly associated with poor lung function (FEV1 % predicted) (p = 0.0008), and this association was strongest when both lung function testing and blood sampling were performed within one week. Our results are consistent with reports of CF as a Th17 disease and suggest that peripheral blood Th17 levels may be a surrogate marker of lung function in CF. 相似文献
13.
Ay?e Demirkan Peter Henneman Aswin Verhoeven Harish Dharuri Najaf Amin Jan Bert van Klinken Lennart C. Karssen Boukje de Vries Axel Meissner Sibel G?raler Arn M. J. M. van den Maagdenberg André M. Deelder Peter A. C ’t Hoen Cornelia M. van Duijn Ko Willems van Dijk 《PLoS genetics》2015,11(1)
Metabolite quantitative traits carry great promise for epidemiological studies, and their genetic background has been addressed using Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Thus far, the role of less common variants has not been exhaustively studied. Here, we set out a GWAS for metabolite quantitative traits in serum, followed by exome sequence analysis to zoom in on putative causal variants in the associated genes. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy experiments yielded successful quantification of 42 unique metabolites in 2,482 individuals from The Erasmus Rucphen Family (ERF) study. Heritability of metabolites were estimated by SOLAR. GWAS was performed by linear mixed models, using HapMap imputations. Based on physical vicinity and pathway analyses, candidate genes were screened for coding region variation using exome sequence data. Heritability estimates for metabolites ranged between 10% and 52%. GWAS replicated three known loci in the metabolome wide significance: CPS1 with glycine (P-value = 1.27×10−32), PRODH with proline (P-value = 1.11×10−19), SLC16A9 with carnitine level (P-value = 4.81×10−14) and uncovered a novel association between DMGDH and dimethyl-glycine (P-value = 1.65×10−19) level. In addition, we found three novel, suggestively significant loci: TNP1 with pyruvate (P-value = 1.26×10−8), KCNJ16 with 3-hydroxybutyrate (P-value = 1.65×10−8) and 2p12 locus with valine (P-value = 3.49×10−8). Exome sequence analysis identified potentially causal coding and regulatory variants located in the genes CPS1, KCNJ2 and PRODH, and revealed allelic heterogeneity for CPS1 and PRODH. Combined GWAS and exome analyses of metabolites detected by high-resolution 1H-NMR is a robust approach to uncover metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL), and the likely causative variants in these loci. It is anticipated that insight in the genetics of intermediate phenotypes will provide additional insight into the genetics of complex traits. 相似文献
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15.
Antonio Anzueto Robert Wise Peter Calverley Daniel Dusser Wenbo Tang Norbert Metzdorf Ronald Dahl 《Respiratory research》2015,16(1)
Background
Tiotropium Safety and Performance in Respimat® (TIOSPIR®) compared the safety and efficacy of tiotropium Respimat® and tiotropium HandiHaler® in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A prespecified spirometry substudy compared the lung function efficacy between treatment groups.Methods
TIOSPIR® was a large-scale, long-term (2.3-year), event-driven, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial of 17,135 patients with COPD. In the spirometry substudy, trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured at baseline and every 24 weeks for the duration of the trial.Results
The substudy included 1370 patients who received once-daily tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg (n = 461), 2.5 μg (n = 464), or tiotropium HandiHaler® 18 μg (n = 445). Adjusted mean trough FEV1 (average 24–120 weeks) was 1.285, 1.258, and 1.295 L in the Respimat® 5 μg, 2.5 μg, and HandiHaler® 18 μg groups (difference versus HandiHaler® [95 % CI]: −10 [−38, 18] mL for Respimat® 5 μg and, −37 [−65, −9] mL for Respimat® 2.5 μg); achieving noninferiority to tiotropium HandiHaler® 18 μg for tiotropium Respimat® 5 but not for 2.5 μg (prespecified analysis). Adjusted mean trough FVC was 2.590, 2.544, and 2.593 L in the Respimat® 5 μg, 2.5 μg, and HandiHaler® 18 μg groups. The rates of FEV1 decline over 24 to 120 weeks were similar for the three treatment arms (26, 40, and 34 mL/year for the tiotropium Respimat® 5-μg, 2.5-μg, and HandiHaler® 18-μg groups). The rate of FEV1 decline in GOLD I + II patients was greater than in GOLD III + IV patients (46 vs. 23 mL/year); as well as in current versus ex-smokers, in patients receiving combination therapies at baseline versus not, and in those experiencing an exacerbation during the study versus not.Conclusions
The TIOSPIR® spirometry substudy showed that tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg was noninferior to tiotropium HandiHaler® 18 μg for trough FEV1, but Respimat® 2.5 μg was not. Tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg provides similar bronchodilator efficacy to tiotropium HandiHaler® 18 μg with comparable rates of FEV1 decline. The rate of FEV1 decline varied based on disease severity, with a steeper rate of decline observed in patients with moderate airway obstruction.Trial registration
. NCT01126437Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0269-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献16.
Sandra Unterseer Eva Bauer Georg Haberer Michael Seidel Carsten Knaak Milena Ouzunova Thomas Meitinger Tim M Strom Ruedi Fries Hubert Pausch Christofer Bertani Alessandro Davassi Klaus FX Mayer Chris-Carolin Sch?n 《BMC genomics》2014,15(1)
Background
High density genotyping data are indispensable for genomic analyses of complex traits in animal and crop species. Maize is one of the most important crop plants worldwide, however a high density SNP genotyping array for analysis of its large and highly dynamic genome was not available so far.Results
We developed a high density maize SNP array composed of 616,201 variants (SNPs and small indels). Initially, 57 M variants were discovered by sequencing 30 representative temperate maize lines and then stringently filtered for sequence quality scores and predicted conversion performance on the array resulting in the selection of 1.2 M polymorphic variants assayed on two screening arrays. To identify high-confidence variants, 285 DNA samples from a broad genetic diversity panel of worldwide maize lines including the samples used for sequencing, important founder lines for European maize breeding, hybrids, and proprietary samples with European, US, semi-tropical, and tropical origin were used for experimental validation. We selected 616 k variants according to their performance during validation, support of genotype calls through sequencing data, and physical distribution for further analysis and for the design of the commercially available Affymetrix® Axiom® Maize Genotyping Array. This array is composed of 609,442 SNPs and 6,759 indels. Among these are 116,224 variants in coding regions and 45,655 SNPs of the Illumina® MaizeSNP50 BeadChip for study comparison. In a subset of 45,974 variants, apart from the target SNP additional off-target variants are detected, which show only a minor bias towards intermediate allele frequencies. We performed principal coordinate and admixture analyses to determine the ability of the array to detect and resolve population structure and investigated the extent of LD within a worldwide validation panel.Conclusions
The high density Affymetrix® Axiom® Maize Genotyping Array is optimized for European and American temperate maize and was developed based on a diverse sample panel by applying stringent quality filter criteria to ensure its suitability for a broad range of applications. With 600 k variants it is the largest currently publically available genotyping array in crop species.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-823) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献17.
18.
Robert A Wise Antonio Anzueto Peter Calverley Ronald Dahl Daniel Dusser Gordon Pledger Michael Koenen-Bergmann Elizabeth Joseph Daniel Cotton Bernd Disse 《Respiratory research》2013,14(1):40
Background
Tiotropium bromide is an effective therapy for COPD patients. Comparing across programs tiotropium Respimat® Soft Mist™ inhaler was at least as efficacious as tiotropium HandiHaler®, however, concerns have been raised about tiotropium’s safety when given via Respimat®.Methods
The TIOSPIR® trial () compares the safety and efficacy of tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg once daily (marketed) and 2.5 μg once daily (investigational) with tiotropium HandiHaler® 18 μ once daily (marketed). The hypotheses to be tested are 1). that tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg once daily and Respimat® 2.5 μg once daily are non-inferior to HandiHaler® in terms of all-cause mortality, and 2). that tiotropium Respimat® 5 μg once daily is superior to HandiHaler® in terms of time to first exacerbation. A spirometry substudy evaluates the bronchodilator efficacy. The trial is a randomized, double-blind, double dummy, event-driven, parallel group study. Participants can use any background treatment for COPD except inhaled anticholinergic agents. The study encompasses a wide range of COPD patients, e.g. patients with stable cardiac diseases including arrhythmia can be included. Clinical sites are international and include both primary care as well as specialists. NCT01126437Results
To date, over 17,000 participants have been randomized from over 1200 sites in 50 countries with an anticipated treatment duration of 2–3 years.Conclusion
TIOSPIR® will provide precise estimates of the relative safety and efficacy of the Respimat® and HandiHaler® formulations of tiotropium, assess potential dose-dependence of important outcomes and provide information on the clinical epidemiology of COPD in a large international patient cohort. 相似文献19.
Chandrasekhar Bhaskaran Nair Jagannath Manjula Pradeep Annamalai Subramani Prakash B. Nagendrappa Mulakkapurath Narayanan Manoj Sukriti Malpani Phani Kumar Pullela Pillarisetti Venkata Subbarao Siva Ramamoorthy Susanta K. Ghosh 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Background
Sensitive and specific detection of malarial parasites is crucial in controlling the significant malaria burden in the developing world. Also important is being able to identify life threatening Plasmodium falciparum malaria quickly and accurately to reduce malaria related mortality. Existing methods such as microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have major shortcomings. Here, we describe a new real-time PCR-based diagnostic test device at point-of-care service for resource-limited settings.Methods
Truenat® Malaria, a chip-based microPCR test, was developed by bigtec Labs, Bangalore, India, for differential identification of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax parasites. The Truenat Malaria tests runs on bigtec’s Truelab Uno® microPCR device, a handheld, battery operated, and easy-to-use real-time microPCR device. The performance of Truenat® Malaria was evaluated versus the WHO nested PCR protocol. The Truenat® Malaria was further evaluated in a triple-blinded study design using a sample panel of 281 specimens created from the clinical samples characterized by expert microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test kit by the National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR). A comparative evaluation was done on the Truelab Uno® and a commercial real-time PCR system.Results
The limit of detection of the Truenat Malaria assay was found to be <5 parasites/μl for both P. falciparum and P. vivax. The Truenat® Malaria test was found to have sensitivity and specificity of 100% each, compared to the WHO nested PCR protocol based on the evaluation of 100 samples. The sensitivity using expert microscopy as the reference standard was determined to be around 99.3% (95% CI: 95.5–99.9) at the species level. Mixed infections were identified more accurately by Truenat Malaria (32 samples identified as mixed) versus expert microscopy and RDTs which detected 4 and 5 mixed samples, respectively.Conclusion
The Truenat® Malaria microPCR test is a valuable diagnostic tool and implementation should be considered not only for malaria diagnosis but also for active surveillance and epidemiological intervention. 相似文献20.
Funda Orkunoglu-Suer Arthur F Harralson David Frankfurter Paul Gindoff Travis J O’Brien 《BMC genomics》2015,16(1)