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2021年5月在重庆武隆仙女山国家森林公园采集到3号小狭口蛙标本,经形态学及分子生物学鉴定为云南小狭口蛙(Glyphoglossus yunnanensis),属重庆市两栖动物分布新记录种。本文给出了这3号标本的17项外形特征测量值,并描述了其生境特征。对10个不同地理种群的云南小狭口蛙种群相关16S rRNA基因片段构建最大似然树表明,重庆武隆标本与云南小狭口蛙产地标本序列聚在一起,且其间的遗传距离为0.6%,远远小于小狭口蛙属物种之间的遗传距离。重庆武隆的这一分布点,使得对云南小狭口蛙在我国分布的认知往东北延伸了超过350 km。云南小狭口蛙在重庆武隆的分布新记录能帮助理解该物种潜在分布区以及谱系地理。 相似文献
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2020年8月6日在贵州省威宁县雪山镇(27°04′09″N,104°04′44″E,海拔2 218 m)采集到6号两栖动物标本,经形态特征比较,与景东臭蛙(Odorrana jingdongensis)相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA构建臭蛙属(Odorrana)部分物种系统发育树,此次采集的臭蛙标本与景东臭蛙聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(0.97/92,贝叶斯法/最大似然法);基于Kimura双参数模型估算本次采集的臭蛙标本与景东模式产地标本间的遗传距离为0%,远小于臭蛙属物种间的遗传距离(1.3%~9.5%)。综合形态特征和分子系统发育比较,确定此次采集到的臭蛙标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)臭蛙属的景东臭蛙,系贵州省两栖动物分布新记录种。 相似文献
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2021年4和5月及7和8月在云南省高黎贡山开展两栖爬行动物调查过程中,采集到无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)湍蛙属(Amolops)标本8号,通过形态学与分子系统学鉴定为僜湍蛙(Amolops deng)和察隅湍蛙(A. chayuensis),为云南省两栖动物分布新纪录种。僜湍蛙雌性体长63.1 ~ 68.5 mm(n = 3),雄性体长49.3 ~ 52.9 mm(n = 3),头长大于头宽,鼓膜明显且纵径大于横径,掌突三个,颞褶不显,背侧褶直达胯部,后肢前伸贴体时胫跗关节超过吻端,形态特征与模式标本基本一致;察隅湍蛙雄性体长44.7 ~ 44.8 mm(n = 2),具咽侧下外声囊,颞褶及背侧褶明显,前后肢均具褐色条纹,形态特征与模式标本基本一致。基于线粒体16S rRNA基因和COI基因片段进行系统发育分析表明,僜湍蛙和察隅湍蛙均和其模式产地西藏的序列聚成单系支。此外,基于16S rRNA计算本次采集的标本与模式产地西藏的序列间遗传距离均较小,僜湍蛙是0.8% ~ 1.2%,察隅湍蛙是0.2%。综上,确定云南高黎贡山采集到的两种湍蛙分别是僜湍蛙和察隅湍蛙。僜湍蛙此前记录仅分布于西藏察隅县和墨脱县,察隅湍蛙仅分布于西藏察隅县和八宿县,僜湍蛙在福贡县和贡山县及察隅湍蛙在贡山县的分布为首次记录;本研究进一步更新了察隅湍蛙分布的海拔海拔范围,较此前纪录低1 385 m高至2 884 m,这提示其有更广阔的生态位。 相似文献
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琴蛙属(Nidirana)是广泛分布于东洋界的两栖动物,目前安徽省琴蛙属仅记录了弹琴蛙 (N. adenopleura)1种。2022年7月在安徽省黄山地区(九龙峰自然保护区和马金岭自然保护区)采集到9号两栖动物标本,其形态特征与孟闻琴蛙(N. mangveni)相似;此外,基于线粒体COI基因片段的分子系统发育分析显示,此次采集到的琴蛙标本与孟闻琴蛙聚为一支,且具有高的支持率(贝叶斯后验概率/最大似然支持率为1.00/98%),而且和孟闻琴蛙遗传距离最近,与模式产地的孟闻琴蛙遗传距离仅有0.04%。因此,结合形态比较和分子系统学分析,鉴定此次采集的琴蛙属标本为孟闻琴蛙,为安徽省两栖动物分布新记录种。这一发现将孟闻琴蛙的分布范围扩展至皖南地区,为琴蛙属和皖南地区的生物地理学和地史研究提供了重要数据。 相似文献
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2022年6月在陕西省安康市镇坪县化龙山自然保护区(32°00′01″ N,109°17′05″ E,海拔1 641 m)采集到1号无尾两栖类标本,经形态特征比较确认为臭蛙属(Odorrana)物种,基于线粒体16S rRNA分子片段对臭蛙属35个物种的系统发育进行分析,其与模式产地四川南江的光雾臭蛙(O. kuangwuensis)在最大似然系统发育树中聚为一支,支持率高达99%,且遗传分化较小,应属种内关系。综合形态特征比较和系统发育分析,确定采集到的标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)臭蛙属的光雾臭蛙,系陕西省两栖动物分布新记录种,此发现为光雾臭蛙在大巴山脉分布的连续性提供了一定依据。 相似文献
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2015年5月至7月在贵州省梵净山国家级自然保护区采集到6号臭蛙标本,经鉴定为宜章臭蛙(Odorrana yizhangensis)(两栖纲,无尾目,蛙科),属贵州省两栖动物新纪录。本文给出了这6号标本的22项外形特征量度,并描述了其生境特征。基于12S r RNA和16S r RNA基因片段构建的最大似然系统发育树表明,这些标本与宜章臭蛙模式产地标本聚在一起,且他们之间的遗传距离远远小于臭蛙属物种之间的距离。宜章臭蛙在贵州的新记录将促进该物种的分类与谱系地理学研究。 相似文献
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重庆市发现宜章臭蛙 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
2014年7~8月在重庆市南川区三泉镇采集到5号臭蛙类标本,经形态特征比较和DNA数据比对及遗传距离分析,鉴定为宜章臭蛙(Odorrana yizhangensis),属重庆市新纪录。重庆南川的宜章臭蛙与模式产地标本相比,指关节下瘤雌蛙较雄蛙明显;有外掌突;趾关节下瘤明显,趾间全蹼;后肢前伸贴体时胫跗关节超过吻端。重庆南川区与湖南宜章经度和纬度相距均约5°,为宜章臭蛙已知分布的最西点。宜章臭蛙的形态和遗传分化及分布格局,是否由于我国滇西高山峡谷地区、粤桂湘赣南岭山地和湘渝鄂边境地区特殊地理效应及第四纪冰期气候的反复变化造成的,值得进一步探讨。 相似文献
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云南省发现弄岗狭口蛙 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2018年6月,在位于云南省文山壮族苗族自治州的文山国家级自然保护区(23°21′41″N,104°50′26″E,海拔1 300 m)采集到无尾目(Anura)姬蛙科(Microhylidae)狭口蛙属(Kaloula)标本3号,包括雄性成体标本1号和雌性成体标本2号,并对相应形态特征进行了测量,雄性头体长为35.79mm,雌性头体长为48.01 mm和42.78 mm。根据形态特征比较发现,该种群的标本皮肤光滑,背部呈橄榄绿色,有不规则的深绿色斑纹,指端平切且具两排小乳突,雄性胸部有小柠檬黄色斑点,雄性全蹼,雌性为1/3蹼,与采集自弄岗国家级自然保护区的弄岗狭口蛙(K. nonggangensis)地模标本(海拔186 m)的形态鉴定特征基本一致,仅体色和体型大小稍有差异。基于16S rRNA基因片段进行系统发育分析表明,这些标本与弄岗狭口蛙模式产地标本聚在一起,共享同一单倍型。可以确定所采集的3号标本均为弄岗狭口蛙,为云南省两栖纲分布新记录物种。新发现的种群分布于中高海拔处,较地模标本的低海拔分布记录有较大的拓展。该物种的发现说明,云南东南部与广西西南部的喀斯特地区具有相似的物种... 相似文献
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Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis
It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV
RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV
RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV
RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV
X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV
C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细 相似文献
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H.-R. GREGORIUS 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1984,23(2-3):157-165
For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment. 相似文献