蕲蛇酶治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效

目的：观察蕲蛇酶治疗不稳定型心绞痛（ＵＡＰ）的疗效。方法选择同期入院的ＵＡＰ患者６０例,随机分为观察组３０例和对照组３０例。观察组给予蕲蛇酶１．５ｕ加５％葡萄糖液５００ｍｌ静滴,每天１次,１０天为１疗程;对照组给予低分子右旋糖酐５００ｍｌ加复方丹参注射液２０ｍｌ静滴,每天１次,１０天为１疗程,两组均给予常规治疗。结果观察组ＵＡ治疗总有效率９３．３％,对照组为６０％。观察组心电图总有效率８３．３％,     

蕲蛇酶对缺血性心脑血管病血流变的影响

目的探讨蕲蛇酶对缺血性心脑血管病血液流变学的影响。方法用ＹＤＡ型旋转式血液流变学测试仪及ＳＡ－Ｂ型软件系统测试治疗前和第二个疗程结束后３～５ｄ血液流变学指标及血脂等项。结果血液流变学指标及血脂均明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０１）,心电图和临床症状明显改善,无明显副作用。结论蕲蛇酶是目前较理想的预防和治疗缺血性心脑血管病的有效药物之一。     

纤溶酶与盐酸丁咯地尔联合治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足的临床研究

目的观察纤溶酶与盐酸丁咯地尔联合治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足的临床疗效。方法治疗组50例应用纤溶酶200U,每天1次,连续用10天;同时应用盐酸丁咯地尔100mg,每天1次,连续应用15天。对照组48例应用盐酸丁咯地尔100mg,每天1次,连续15天。观察治疗前后血液流变学指标变化并评价其疗效。结果治疗组总有效率90.0%,对照组总有效率62.5%,两组差异显著(P<0.01)。治疗组在改善全血粘度、血浆粘度、增加红细胞变形指数、降低纤维蛋白原方面优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组患者的凝血酶原时间延长(P<0.05),但不影响出凝血时间(P>0.05)。结论纤溶酶与丁咯地尔联合应用比单纯应用丁咯地尔治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足的疗效显著。     

蕲蛇酶治疗急性脑梗死50例临床观察

目的 观察莘蛇酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法 将９５例急性脑梗死患者随机分治疗组和对照组。治疗组５０例,予蕲蛇酶０．７５ｕ加入生理盐水２５０ｍｌ中静脉滴注,每日１次,７天１疗程,停药５天后进行第２疗程。对照组４５例,予低分子右旋糖酐５００ｍｌ加川芎嗪０．１ｇ静脉滴注,每日１次,７天１疗程,停药５天后进行第２疗程,两组均常规应用２０％甘露醇和尼莫地平等。２个疗程结束后进行疗效评估。结果 治疗组基本     

降纤酶静脉溶栓治疗早期脑梗死临床观察

目的：研究降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的机理及用药剂量,方法：对照组应用低分子右旋糖酐５００ｍｌ加复方丹参２０ｍｌ静滴,每天１次,共１４天,观察组基础治疗同对照组,另在发病６－７２ｈ内加用降纤酶１０ｕ加生理盐水１５０ｍｌ静滴,３０－６０ｍｉｎ滴完,每天１次,以后隔日静滴降纤酶１０ｕ,共３次,总量达３０ｕ,５天为１疗程,不用其他抗凝溶栓、抑制血小板聚集药物。于治疗前及治疗后第１、３、７、１４、２８天采用ＥＳ     

急性脑梗死的超早期治疗

目的 研究蛇岛牌精制蜊蛇抗栓毒抗检胶囊对急性离梗死的超早期治疗效果。方法 入选６０例急性患者（发病６￣８ｈ以内）,分成两组,每组３０例;治疗组给予蛇岛牌精制蛇抗栓酶３．０ｕ静脉滴注,１２ｈ１次,连用３天后,改为１．５ｕ静脉滴注,每日１ ,同时服用蛇毒抗 胶囊０．６ｇ（本院科研药品）,每日３次,治疗１５天;对照组给予东菱克栓酶１０ＩＵ,前５天每日１次,后１０天隔日１次,同时监测血液流变学。结果 治疗     

纤溶酶治疗脑梗塞疗效观察

目的评价纤溶酶治疗脑梗塞的临床效果及对微循环、血液流变学的改善情况.方法将患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,治疗组给予纤溶酶,对照组应用脉络宁注射液,两组分别于治疗前后和治疗中进行相应实验室指标检查及临床疗效观察.结果治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组,有显著性差异,治疗组对病人的微循环、血液流变学的改善情况明显优于对照组,对脑功能的改善治疗组优于对照组.结论纤溶酶作为治疗脑梗塞溶栓疗法用药是一个疗效明确、副作用小、安全可靠的首选药物.     

清栓酶致白细胞减少1例（摘要）

清栓酶致白细胞减少１例（摘要）贵阳市第三人民医院余平患者,女,６０岁,诊断：原发性高血压、短暂性脑缺血发作、高粘滞综合征。入院后给２个疗程清栓酶治疗,每天１次,每个疗程１５天,每次清栓酶剂量０．５ｕ,均加入１０％葡萄糖３００ｍｌ中静滴,每个疗程结束时...     

精纯抗栓酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的 观察精纯抗栓酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 １５６例经临床和头颅ＣＴ确诊的急性脑梗死患者,随机分为治疗组（８０例）和对照组（７６例）。对照组应用低分子右旋糖酐５００ｍｌ加复方丹参２０ｍｌ静滴,每天１次,连用１４天。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上,辅予应用精纯抗栓酶。两组均于治疗前后观察血液流变学、血小板计数及出、凝血时间。并于治疗前和治疗后２１天作神经功能评分,结合治疗后患者病残程度评定疗效。结     

蕲蛇酶对75例缺血性脑血管病血液流变学影响的观察

我科从1996年5月至1999年2月应用蕲蛇酶治疗缺血性脑血管病75例,观察治疗前后血液流变学变化,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1.1　患者情况　75例缺血性脑血管病患者均为我院1996年至1999年2月住院病人,其中男46例,女29例,年龄40～80岁,平均61.5岁,其中脑梗死52例,短暂性脑缺血发作23例。1.2　诊断依据　按照1986年中华医学会第二届全国脑血管病学术会议第三次修订标准确诊。1.3　治疗方法　用福建三明制药厂生产的蕲蛇酶10u加入生理盐水500ml静脉滴注,每天1次,10天为1疗程,休息3～5天,再进行第2疗程,全部治疗2个疗程,治疗中每7天作1次血常规及…     

Canadian clinical trial of antilymphocyte globulin in human cadaver renal transplantation.

A multicentre, randomized clinical trial of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) was conducted among patients who had undergone cadaver kidney transplantation; follow-up was continued for a minimum of 1 year. Of the 179 patients 92 were given conventional treatment only, while 87 were given in addition ALG (from a standardized, highly immunosuppressive, common pool of equine ALG), 20 mg/kg-d intravenously for 10 days after transplantation. The ALG-treated group had better accumulated graft survival, fewer nephrectomies, better graft function, less than half the number of acute rejection episodes and less prednisone use. There was a beneficial drug (ALG)-related effect in both the graft and the host during the first 3 months after transplantation.     

Management of Adult Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia

Consecutive adult patients admitted to St. Bartholomew''s Hospital with acute myelogenous leukaemia have been treated with a remission induction drug schedule consisting of daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside. Intermittent five-day courses were used in 72 patients, and a complete remission was obtained in 39 patients (54%). An alternative drug schedule in 22 patients resulted in fewer remissions but this may have been due to age differences in the two groups. Age and initial platelet count were found to be important factors in determining the success of remission induction therapy; the older patients and those with low platelet counts responded less well.A series of 23 patients who achieved remissions was divided into two groups; one received intermittent combination chemotherapy as the only form of maintenance, and the other was given weekly immunotherapy in addition to the chemotherapy. The immunotherapy consisted of irradiated allogeneic leukaemic cells and B.C.G. Eight of the 10 patients on chemotherapy alone have already relapsed compared with five out of 13 patients in the immunotherapy group. It is hoped that these promising initial results with this form of maintenance will be confirmed as more patients enter the maintenance trials.     

HEPARIN IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION—Observations Indicating the Potential Advantages of Using It as the Sole Anticoagulant in Therapy

There is a considerable body of experimental evidence that heparin is superior as an anticoagulant to any prothrombin depressing drugs. Furthermore its lipemia-clearing action affords other benefits which result from the removal of fat from the bloodstream. Important among these beneficial effects is the increased tissue and myocardial oxygen consumption which results from the injection of heparin in atherosclerotic patients.Because of these advantages of heparin over oral anticoagulants, the use of heparin as the sole anticoagulant for three weeks in patients with severe acute myocardial infarction was evaluated as opposed to the customary therapy where heparin is given for several days and then oral anticoagulants are used. The mortality in the dicoumarin treated group was 38 per cent, as compared with 28 per cent in the patients who received only heparin for three weeks.     

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗发病4.5小时内急性脑梗死近期疗效的回顾性研究

目的:研究发病4.5小时内的急性脑梗死患者早期应用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2018年07月1日到2020年10月31日我院神经内科收治的发病在4.5小时内的652例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料,其中使用rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的患者285例为溶栓组,未溶栓仅使用抗血小板聚集、他汀类降脂、脑保护等常规治疗的患者367例为对照组。记录两组患者治疗前及治疗后24小时、7天、14天的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和治疗3个月后的改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分。对于有吞咽障碍的患者,收集洼田饮水试验结果。统计两组患者出血情况和死亡率。结果:溶栓组治疗后24小时、7天、14天的NIHSS评分以及治疗后3个月的mRS评分改善明显,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对于有吞咽障碍的患者,溶栓组的治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);溶栓组轻微出血的概率大于对照组(P<0.05);两组在症状性及致死性脑出血方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);溶栓后大量及致死性脑出血部位多在梗死的中心区、出血量多大于10 mL,患者临床NIHSS评分≥24分。溶栓组死亡率较对照组下降(P<0.05)。结论:发病4.5小时内的急性脑梗死患者接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗的近期治疗效果良好,轻微出血风险较高,但是死亡率下降。临床神经功能缺损重、NIHSS评分≥24分、出血风险大的患者预后不良,不推荐溶栓治疗。     

培门冬酶治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞性白血病的不良反应观察

目的：观察左旋门冬酰胺酶两种常用剂型在急性淋巴细胞性白血病患儿联合化疗中的治疗反应。方法：本院2010.3-2010.12行长春新碱＋吡柔比星＋门冬酰胺酶＋强的松方案化疗的急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿,使用含有聚乙二醇化的左旋门冬酰胺酶剂型培门冬酶即VDPAP者作为A组（40例）与既往使用含大肠杆菌剂型即VDLP者B组（60例）对比,观察不良反应。化疗前后检测血象,肝功能,凝血功能,观察过敏情况等,记录化疗后第28天的各项指标。结果：A组过敏发生2例（5%）而B组过敏发生13例（21.67%）,P值0.045,有统计学意义。既往对大肠杆菌剂型发生过敏的13例患儿首剂使用PEG-Asp均无过敏,2例于第二剂时出现皮试阳性。A组（〉2级）白细胞减少16例,中性粒细胞减少26例,血红蛋白降低0例,血小板减少5例,纤维蛋白原降低1例,部分凝血活酶时间延长0例;B组（〉2级）白细胞减少28例,中性粒细胞减少46例,血红蛋白降低2例,血小板减少16例,纤维蛋白原降低2例,部分凝血活酶时间延长0例。A组（未分级）抗凝血酶Ⅲ降低23例,D二聚体升高4例,谷丙转氨酶升高5例;B组（未分级）抗凝血酶Ⅲ降低33例,D二聚体升高8例,谷丙转氨酶升高5例。.血液学不良反应差异无统计学意义。A组平均住院日11.14天。B组平均住院日18.47天。结论：左旋门冬酰胺酶两种剂型不良反应相当,但培门冬酶具有使用次数少,使用方便,过敏率低,缩短住院日的优点。     

Acute asthma: emergency department management and prospective evaluation of outcome.

To determine the current management of acute asthma in the emergency department and to evaluate outcome we reviewed the charts of 99 patients aged 15 to 55 years who presented to the emergency department of a tertiary referral, university-affiliated hospital and were subsequently discharged with a diagnosis of acute asthma. Outcome was evaluated prospectively, with a structured questionnaire, by telephone. During the visit pulsus paradoxus was documented in four patients. Spirometry was done in 63 patients; postbronchodilator values ranged from 0.9 to 4.1 L. A total of 92 patients received inhaled bronchodilator therapy, most by wet nebulization. Sixteen patients received anticholinergic agents and three received theophylline. Ingested corticosteroids were given to 27 patients. Of the 71 patients contacted, a mean of 12 days after the visit, 26 (37%) had sought further medical attention, 19 at the emergency department; 9 had required admission. Forty-six patients reported that their condition had improved, but over 60% continued to have cough, sputum production, nocturnal waking and early-morning chest tightness. The results indicate that asthma continues to be undertreated in the emergency department and highlight the importance of routine spirometry in all patients and the need for systemic corticosteroid therapy.     

氨溴索对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者血清炎症因子的影响

目的:系统评价氨溴索注射液对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)的临床疗效及对患者血清炎症因子CRP及TNF-α的影响。方法:①按照诊断标准共纳入60例患者,按入院或就诊的先后顺序随机分成氨溴索治疗组和对照组,每组30例患者;另设30名COPD稳定期患者作为稳定期对照组。②治疗前后抽取静脉血,待测CRP及TNF-α水平;③对照组患者仅给予抗菌药物及解痉平喘药物等常规治疗;治疗组患者给予常规治疗外,还给予盐酸氨溴索注射液30mg,每天分2次静滴,10天为1疗程;④治疗1疗程后观察临床疗效及血清炎症因子水平的变化。结果:①两组患者在性别,年龄,病程,病情,合并疾病的分布等基线资料上无显著性差异,P>0.05;②AECOPD患者机体炎症因子水平较COPD稳定期患者显著升高,P<0.01;氨溴索治疗组无论在临床疗效抑或降低血清炎症因子水平方面均要优于对照组,P<0.05。结论:盐酸氨溴索注射液辅助治疗可显著降低AECOPD患者血清炎症因子水平,提高临床疗效。     

Impact of Chisan (ADAPT-232) on the quality-of-life and its efficacy as an adjuvant in the treatment of acute non-specific pneumonia

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized (simple randomisation), pilot (phase III) study of Chisan^® (ADAPT-232; a standardised fixed combination of extracts of Rhodiola rosea L., Schisandra chinensis Turcz. Baill., and Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim) was carried out on two parallel groups of patients suffering from acute non-specific pneumonia. Sixty patients (males and females; 18–65 years old) received a standard treatment with cephazoline, bromhexine, and theophylline: in addition, one group of 30 patients was given Chisan mixture, whilst the second group of 30 patients received a placebo, each medication being taken twice daily from the beginning of the study for 10–15 days. The primary outcome measurements were the duration of antibiotic therapy associated with the clinical manifestations of the acute phase of the disease, together with an evaluation of mental performance in a psychometric test and the self-evaluation of quality-of-life (QOL) (WHOQOL-Bref questionnaires) before treatment and on the first and fifth days after clinical convalescence. The mean duration of treatment with antibiotics required to bring about recovery from the acute phase of the disease was 2 days shorter in patients treated with Chisan compared with those in the placebo group. With respect to all QOL domains (physical, psychological, social and ecological), patients in the Chisan group scored higher at the beginning of the rehabilitation period, and significantly higher on the fifth day after clinical convalescence, than patients in the control group. Clearly, adjuvant therapy with ADAPT-232 has a positive effect on the recovery of patients by decreasing the duration of the acute phase of the illness, by increasing mental performance of patients in the rehabilitation period, and by improving their QOL. Both the clinical and laboratory results of the present study suggest that Chisan (ADAPT-232) can be recommended in the standard treatment of patients with acute non-specific pneumonia as an adjuvant to increase the QOL and to expedite the recovery of patients.     

Nifedipine and atenolol singly and combined for treatment of essential hypertension: comparative multicentre study in general practice in the United Kingdom

A randomised double blind parallel group study was performed to compare the efficacy and acceptability of slow release nifedipine (maximum dose 40 mg twice a day) with those of atenolol (maximum dose 100 mg once a day) as single agents for the treatment of essential hypertension. Of 410 patients recruited almost exclusively from general practices in 22 centres in the United Kingdom 210 received nifedipine and 200 atenolol. Both drugs significantly reduced blood pressure, and control—a reduction of the diastolic pressure to less than 95 mm Hg—was obtained in about 65% of patients. Those who received nifedipine had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressure than those who received atenolol. One hundred and forty nine patients who failed to respond adequately to either atenolol or nifedipine in low doses were given both drugs once daily for eight weeks in a fixed combination capsule that contained atenolol 50 mg and nifedipine 20 mg. All patients showed further reductions in blood pressure, although those who were taking β atenolol before the combination capsule had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressures. Twenty six patients (12%) were withdrawn because of adverse effects while taking nifedipine compared with 19 (10%) taking atenolol. Flushing and oedema were more common after the calcium antagonist, whereas diarrhoea and dyspepsia were more common after atenolol. The frequencies of headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and dyspnoea were equally distributed between the two groups. When the fixed combination capsule was taken side effects such as flushing and oedema continued.Nifedipine was more effective than atenolol in lowering systolic blood pressure, although neither drug used alone controlled the pressure of more than two thirds of the patients studied. When used in a fixed combination slightly better control of blood pressure was achieved with a lower dose of each drug.