8种脑炎相关虫媒病毒GeXP检测方法的初步建立

利用GeXP多重基因表达遗传分析系统,建立一种多重逆转录-聚合酶链反应(mRT-PCR)方法,同时检测与病毒性脑炎相关的乙型脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)等8种虫媒病毒。优化多重反应体系及反应条件,分别以病毒分离培养物和阳性标本来验证多重反应体系的特异性,以克隆质粒体外转录的RNA梯度稀释液来检测多重检测体系的灵敏度。结果表明,优化后的多重检测体系,可扩增出各病毒对应的特异片段,并可在102拷贝/μL水平同时并特异地检测出8种(共13个特异片段)脑炎相关病毒RNA。该方法具有高通量、灵敏度高、特异性强且快速等优点,对病毒性脑炎的分子诊断及流行病学调查具有重要意义。     

GeXP多重PCR技术同时检测12种常见呼吸道病毒

本研究建立了一种基于GeXP多重基因表达遗传分析系统的多重RT-PCR检测方法,该方法可以同时检测12种呼吸道病毒,包括流感病毒A型和B型、季节性H1N1、副流感病毒1～3型、人鼻病毒、人偏肺病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒A型和B型、人博卡病毒。针对病原体保守区序列设计12种病毒的特异性引物,分别用已验证的阳性标本为模板检验多重体系的特异性。多重检测体系在10~3拷贝/μL水平可同时检测到12种病毒。另检测24份临床标本,以real-time RT-PCR为参考标准,进一步验证检测体系。结果表明,这种基于GeXP系统的新方法灵敏度高、特异性强,可以快速同时检测12种常见呼吸道病毒。     

肠道病毒、乙脑病毒和腮腺炎病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立针对肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)、乙脑病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)和腮腺炎病毒(mumps virus,MUV)的多重RT-PCR检测方法,分别选择肠道病毒的5′UTR基因、乙脑病毒的E基因和腮腺炎病毒M基因设计3对引物,建立同时检测肠道病毒、乙脑病毒和腮腺炎病毒的多重RT-PCR方法.以中国地区流行的与脑炎相关的麻疹病毒和风疹病毒cDNA为模板验证该检测方法的特异性,同时以梯度稀释的不同滴度的脊髓灰质炎病毒、乙脑病毒、腮腺炎病毒评估该检测方法的检出限.所建立的3种病毒的多重RT-PCR方法可同时或分别特异扩增肠道病毒、乙脑病毒和腮腺炎病毒的152 bp、429 bp和274 bp基因片段,基因序列分别与脊髓灰质炎病毒Sabin 1型5′UTR基因片段、乙型脑炎病毒SA-14-14-2株E基因片段及腮腺炎病毒S79基因片段序列一致;检出限分别达到78.1 CCID50/mL、312.5 PFU/mL、156.2 CCID50/mL;而对麻疹病毒和风疹病毒的扩增均为阴性.所建立的多重RT-PCR特异性和检出限良好,可用于上述3种脑炎病毒的快速检测.     

GeXP多重基因表达遗传分析系统在手足口病病原分型检测中的应用

利用GeXP多重基因表达遗传分析系统,建立一种多重逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法,同时检测引起手足口病的9种常见的人肠道病毒—人肠道病毒71型(HEV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组(CVA)16、4、5、9、10型和柯萨奇病毒B组(CVB)1、3、5型。优化多重反应体系中针对5’UTR区的肠道病毒通用引物和11对针对9种血清型人肠道病毒VP1区的特异性引物的浓度比例,分别以病毒细胞培养物和阳性粪便标本来验证多重反应体系的特异性,以TCID50定量的细胞培养物和克隆质粒体外转录的RNA梯度稀释液来检测多重检测体系的灵敏度。结果表明,优化后的多重检测体系,可扩增出人肠道病毒共有的保守片段的和型特异性片段,HEV71和CVA16细胞培养物的检测下限为100.5TCID50/μL,并可在103copies/μL水平同时、特异地检测出9种病毒RNA。该方法灵敏度高、特异性强,可快速对大量临床样本进行高通量检测,用于手足口病的分子流行病学调查。     

五种主要上呼吸道病毒多重RT-PCR 检测方法的建立

目的:建立甲型、乙型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒A型、B型(RSV-A、RSV-B)和腺病毒(ADV)五种主要上呼吸道病毒的多重RT-PCR检测方法。方法:利用Primer premier5.0分别针对甲型流感病毒的M基因、乙型流感病毒的PB1基因、RSV-A和RSV-B的F基因及ADV的hexon基因设计五对特异性引物,对Mg2+、dNTP、引物浓度及退火温度等进行优化,建立同时检测甲型、乙型流感病毒、RSV-A、RSV-B和ADV的多重RT-PCR方法,并验证该检测方法的灵敏性。结果:所建立的五种病毒的多重RT-PCR方法可以同时或者分别扩增甲型、乙型流感病毒、RSV-A、RSV-B及ADV的141bp、635bp、525bp、377b和283bp基因片段,敏感度分别达到770PFU/ml、800PFU/ml、680PFU/ml、970PFU/ml和850PFU/ml,且五种病毒间无交叉反应。结论:所建立的多重RT-PCR方法可以迅速准确地检测甲型、乙型流感病毒、RSV-A、RSV-B和ADV,为五种病毒的检测提供了一种方便易行的方法。     

菊花5种病毒及类病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

菊花是世界最重要的园艺作物之一,兼具有茶用、药用、食用及观赏等多种经济价值。我国是栽培菊花的起源地,也是主要种植生产区。病毒病害是菊花生产过程中最主要病害,目前已知的菊花病毒及类病毒有20多种,对菊花产业危害巨大。建立快速、高效的检测方法是病害防控的必要条件。前期调查显示番茄斑萎病毒（Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus,TSWV）、番茄不孕病毒（Tomato aspermy virus,TAV）、菊花B病毒（Chrysanthemum virus B,CVB）、菊花矮化类病毒（Chrysanthemum stunt viroid,CSVd）和菊花褪绿斑驳类病毒（Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid,CChMVd）是北京地区菊花中主要病毒及类病毒种类。自NCBI数据库下载以上病毒/类病毒的基因序列,利用不同病毒保守区域,设计开发出特异性引物,建立了5种病毒/类病毒同时检测的多重RT-PCR体系;并对反应体系中引物对的含量配比、退火温度、模板含量等因子进行了优化。试验结果显示,TSWV、TAV、CVB、CChMVd、...     

新型H7N9亚型禽流感病毒多重荧光RT-PCR快速检测方法的建立

为研制新型H7N9亚型禽流感病毒快速检测试剂盒,根据GenBank中公布的新型H7N9亚型(2013年)禽流感病毒血凝素抗原(HA)和神经氨酸酶抗原(NA)的基因序列,设计两套特异性的引物和探针,建立基于TaqMan探针的多重荧光RT-PCR快速检测新型H7N9亚型禽流感病毒方法。实验结果表明,该方法灵敏度高、特异性好,能够检测到最低浓度为10拷贝/μL数量级的阳性标准品,不但能够将禽流感病毒H7亚型与H1、H3、H5、H6和H9亚型区分开,而且可将新型N9亚型禽流感病毒与原有的N9亚型区分开。采用该方法对珠海市2 700份样品的检测结果与预期结果一致,证实该方法具有较好的推广应用前景。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒嵌套式RT—PCR检测方法的建立

Two pairs of primers were designed according to the N gene sequence of PEDV-CV777 strain in Genebank (No. AF353511). PCR amplification product of outer-primers was 1328bp, and the inter-primers amplification product was 538bp, With the primers, a nested PCR assay was established to detect PEDV. This method was sensitive and specific and could be used in PEDV diagnosis and epidemiological investigation.     

四种常见猪肠道病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立及临床应用

【背景】猪流行性腹泻病毒(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(transmissible gastroenteritis virus,TGEV)、猪δ冠状病毒(porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV)和猪轮状病毒(porcine rotavirus,PoRV)是当前导致猪群发生病毒性腹泻的4种主要病原,并且常发生混合感染。【目的】建立一种可鉴别诊断这4种腹泻病毒病的检测方法,对于临床诊断具有重要意义。【方法】针对PEDV的M蛋白基因、TGEV的N蛋白基因、PDCoV的N蛋白基因和PoRV的VP7蛋白基因分别设计特异性引物,进而构建相应的重组质粒标准品。通过对PCR反应条件优化,建立可同时检测PEDV、TGEV、PDCoV和PoRV的多重RT-PCR检测方法。随后通过敏感性、特异性和重复性试验对该方法的有效性进行验证。【结果】敏感性试验结果显示,对PEDV-M、TGEV-N、PDCoV-N和PoRV-VP7重组质粒标准品的最低检测下限分别为1.75×10²、1.5×10³、1.6×10²和1.6×10²copies/μL;特异性试验结果显示,仅可检出本研究中的4种靶病毒,而猪群常见病毒CSFV、PRRSV、PCV2和PRV未能检出。重复性试验结果显示,选取10⁸、10⁶和10⁴copies/μL 3个不同浓度的重组质粒作为模板,其他条件不变,分别进行5次重复试验,5次试验均扩增出清晰、均匀的条带。对山东各地区送检的52份临床腹泻样品通过建立的四重RT-PCR方法进行检测,发现PEDV、TGEV、PDCoV和PoRV的阳性率分别为37%(19份)、6%(3份)、10%(5份)和25%(13份)。其中PEDV和PoRV混合感染2份(4%),PEDV和TGEV混合感染2份(4%),PEDV和PDCoV混合感染1份(2%)。通过单重RT-PCR对该多重RT-PCR临床样品检测结果进行重复验证,结果显示多重RT-PCR与常规单重RT-PCR结果符合率为100%。最后随机挑选5个检测为阳性的临床样本进行测序验证,结果均为相应病毒的基因片段。【结论】本研究建立了可同时检测PEDV、TGEV、PDCoV和PoRV的四重RT-PCR检测方法,研究结果为临床4种猪腹泻病毒病的鉴别诊断及流行病学调查提供了技术手段。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒RT-LAMP检测方法的建立

目的:建立牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDv)的环介导体外等温扩增(LAMP)快速检测方法。方法:根据BVDv的5'端非编码区序列,在保守区的8个位点设计LAMP特异性引物(2对特异性引物和1对环引物),对反应条件和试剂浓度进行优化,建立恒温(63.5℃)、快速(65min)的检测方法。结果:建立的方法特异性好,检测其他对照病毒均为阴性;灵敏度高,最低可检测到1个拷贝的阳性质粒,可通过观察浑浊度或加入染料后直接判定扩增结果。结论:建立了用于检测BVDv的LAMP方法,该方法简便、快速、特异性好、灵敏度高,适合基层和现场检测。     

A novel multiplex PCR assay for the identification of Indian crocodiles

Illegal hunting has been a major threat for the survival of wildlife fauna, including the three crocodile species that India harbours: Crocodylus palustris, Crocodylus porosus and Gavialis gangeticus. Although law prevents trade on these species, illicit hunting for trade continues to threaten the survival of these endangered species; conservation strategies therefore require a rapid molecular identification technique for Indian crocodiles. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay with species-specific primers, considered as one of the most effective molecular techniques, is described herein. The primers were designed to yield species-specific sized amplicons. The assay discriminates the three Indian crocodile species unambiguously within a short time period using only simple agarose gel electrophoresis. We recommend this multiplex PCR assay to be used in the identification of Indian crocodile species.     

A novel multiplex PCR assay for the detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in human faeces

AIMS: To develop a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in human faeces. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 54 Salmonella strains representing 19 serovars and non-Salmonella strains representing 11 different genera were used. Five primer pairs were employed in the assay. Three of them targeted to the genes hilA, spvA and invA that encode virulence-associated factors. A fourth primer pair amplified a fragment of a unique sequence within S. enterica serovar Enteritidis genomes. An internal amplification control (a fragment of a conservative sequence within the 16S rRNA genes) was targeted by a fifth primer pair. The assay produced two or three amplicons from the invA, hilA and 16S rRNA genes for 19 Salmonella serovars. All Salmonella and non-Salmonella strains yielded a band of an internal amplification control. For S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, four products (the fourth from the spvA gene), and for S. enterica serovar Enteritidis five amplicons (the fifth from the sdf gene) were observed. S. enterica serovar Enteritidis was cultured from three of 71 rectal swabs from diarrhoeal patients. Five specific amplicons were generated with the multiplex PCR assay only from culture-positive faecal samples. CONCLUSION: The multiplex PCR assay specifically detects S. enterica serovar Enteritidis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is a novel multiplex PCR assay, which contains an internal amplification control and enables concurrent survey for Salmonella virulence genes.     

A novel multiplex PCR method for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A gene cluster typing

A rapid, simple and sensitive multiplex PCR method for boNT/A gene cluster typing was developed by combining the results of BoNT/A subtype (boNT/A1 or /A2) gene detection with ha33 and/or p47 gene detection. Ten isolates associated with infant botulism in Japan were examined and divided into boNT/A gene cluster types 2 and 3 by origin (honey feeding or not) and period (1986–1987 or 1999–2007). It is suggested that this multiplex PCR method will be be useful for epidemiological studies of botulism.     

A method for detecting rash and fever illness‐associated viruses using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

In this study, a new multiplex RT‐PCR method for detecting various viral genes in patients with rash and fever illnesses (RFIs ) was constructed. New primer sets were designed for detection of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV1 and 2), and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). The newly designed and previously reported primer sets were used to detect 13 types of RFI‐associated viruses by multiplex RT‐PCR assay systems. Moreover, to eliminate non‐specific PCR products, a double‐stranded specific DNase was used to digest double‐stranded DNA derived from the templates in clinical specimens. RFI‐associated viruses were detected in 77.0% of the patients (97/126 cases) by the presented method, multiple viruses being identified in 27.8% of the described cases (35/126 cases). Detected viruses and clinical diagnoses were compatible in 32.5% of the patients (41/126 cases). Sensitivity limits for these viruses were estimated to be 10¹–10³ copies/assay. Furthermore, non‐specific PCR products were eliminated by a double‐stranded specific DNase with no influence on sensitivity. These results suggest that this method can detect various RFI‐associated viruses in clinical specimens with high sensitivity and specificity.