Results of the clinical study of the antineoplastic antibiotic bleomycetin

Bleomycetin was applied to the treatment of 68 patients with common forms of malignant tumors. The objective therapeutic effect was observed in 21 patients (31 per cent). The frequency of the favourable therapeutic effects was the most significant in the group of patients with generalized forms of lymphogranulomatosis: objective remissions for 1 to 4 months and stabilization of the tumor process were attained in 12 (41 per cent) and 8 out of 29 patients, respectively, in 9 patients (31 per cent) treated with bleomycetin progression of the underlying disease was recorded. A less pronounced therapeutic effect (33 per cent of the remissions) was recorded in the patients with nonlymphogranulomatous lymphomas. The use of bleomycetin in 48 out of 68 patients was complicated by certain adverse reactions. Intravenous infusions of bleomycetin in a dose of 10-15 mg twice a week (the total dose up to 125 mg) may be recommended as the initial therapeutic regimen in the oncological practice. The trials have showed that bleomycetin made in the USSR has a sufficiently pronounced activity against lymphogranulomatosis and nonlymphogranulomatous lymphomas. In this respect it is not inferior to the bleomycin analog made in Japan.     

Immunochemotherapy of infants in the first year of life with intestinal infections due to opportunistic gram-negative aerobic bacteria]

The clinical and microbiological observations of 50 babies of the 1st year of age with intestinal infections due to opportunistic organisms were made. The babies were treated with antibacterial drugs and an immunoglobulin preparation. It was shown that the combined use of antibacterial and immunological preparations in the treatment of the babies with the intestinal infections caused by opportunistic organisms provided their earlier clinical recovery and lowered the unfavourable effect of the antibacterial drugs on the intestinal microflora.     

Antitumor activity of doxorubicin in the treatment of hemocytoblastosis La and various ascites tumors in mice

Antitumor activity of doxorubicin made in the USSR was studied on mice in respect to three transplantable tumors (lymphadenosis NK/LI, sarcoma 37 and Ehrlich's carcinoma) and hemocytoblastosis La. Doxorubicin injected intravenously 4 times was shown to be highly active against the above ascites tumors. The highest inhibitory effect of doxorubicin was observed in respect to the development of Ehrlich's carcinoma. By the selectivity of the therapeutic effect on this tumor it was superior to rubomycin and carminomycin. A high antileukemic activity of doxorubicin in respect to hemocytoblastosis La was shown. In experiments with this leukemia, intravenous injection of doxorubicin provided a higher efficacy than intraperitoneal injection. When used intravenously in the doses equivalent by their toxicity doxorubicin was inferior to rubomycin in terms of the therapeutic effect on leukemia La. However, on intraperitoneal injection of the drugs rubomycin showed no such advantage. Doxorubicin made in the USSR did not differ by its antitumor activity from the analogous foreign drug.     

Belomycetin in the combined chemotherapy of testicular tumors

The results of the treatment of 21 patients with testicle tumors of various histological structure, stages III and IV, are presented. The combination of bleomycetin (bleomycin A5), an antitumor antibiotic made in the USSR, with vinblastine and platinum derivatives was used. The antitumor effect was observed in 63 per cent of patients, including 21 per cent of patients with complete regression of tumors. The periods of complete and partial remission were 3--13 and 1--9 months, respectively. The combination is sufficiently effective and may be recommended for the treatment of patients with disseminated malignant tumors of the testicle.     

Clinical late results after long-term treatment of acute femoro-iliacal thrombophlebitis]

The development of subfacial chronic insufficiency of veins (SCIV) was investigated after medicamentous treatment of acute femoroilliacal phlebothrombosises. Streptokinase (streptase) or heparin were used as medicaments. A control group of patients was treated without medicaments for the purpose of comparison. With the exception of the patients of the control group, all others were treated with oral anticoagulants for 6-7 months. Simultaneously, part of those patients treated with heparin were given a benzopyron preparation (venolat). After 1, 2, and 5 years a check-up was made for evaluating the stage of SCIV development. The best clinical late results could be found in patients of the streptokinase group. The effect of the combined administration of dicumarol and benzupyronan was markedly better than the sole anticoagulant treatment. SCIV developed most rapidly in patients of the control group. However, a check-up made 5 years after the beginning of therapy could not reveal the development of ulcers cruris in any patient.     

Clinical morphological picture of the mucosa of the middle ear in experimental chronic otitis media in rabbits treated with combined antibiotic aerosol preparations]

An new method of treating chronic purulent middle otitis with combined aerosol drugs (oxycyclosol, polysol, levovinylsol, vinysol) was developed at the USSR Research Institute on Antibiotics and tested experimentally on 20 Shinshilla rabbits. A 0.3 ml volume of microbial suspensition: Staphylococcus (group I), Ps. aeruginosa (group II), Proteus vulgaris (group III) and mixed microbial flora (group IV) were administered into the cavities of the middle ear of the rabbits from both sides. The acute process was made chronic by using decreased daily food ration and repeated putting of the rabbit extremeties into cool water. After that the rabbits were subjected to treatment with the above drugs for a week. Damages in the drum cavity mucosa with dystrophy, necrosis and cell separation were observed in the control (not treated) animals. Analogous changes were found also in the auditory tube. Signs of necrosis followed by decomposition were detected in the bone tissue. Only some thickening of the mucosa and bone wall of the drum cavity in the ears and single lymphoid and plasmic cells were recorded in the rabbits subjected to the treatment with the aerosol drugs.     

Root growth capacity: relationship with field root growth and performance in outplanted jack pine and black spruce

Summary First- and second-year results from a study of mounding site preparation for regenerating boreal forest cutovers in Ontario using bareroot jack pine and black spruce are reported. At each of 4 sites 5 treatments were investigated: (a) control; (b) shoulder of standard Bräcke patch; (c) bottom of Bräcke patch; (d) a 20-L mound of mineral soil on the mineral soil on the shoulder of Bräcke patch; (e) a similar mound on the double layer of organic matter (original forest floor + inverted organic matter from Bräcke patch) immediately distal to the patch. At each site, 600 pines or spruces were planted as 4 replicates of 30-tree plots for the 5 treatments. Field root growth (FRG) was determined on 5 trees for each plot 30 days post-planting. Survival and growth were assessed after 1 and 2 growing seasons.Root growth capacity (RGC) tests revealed large differences between lots of planting stock. Only with black spruce was a higher RGC associated with better nursery performance. Only one third of a tree's RGC could be explained in multiple regression with initial top height, stem diameter, and root area index. Field performance of outplants was highly site- and treatment-specific, but in both species on all sites, stem diameter increment and FRG were consistently high for the mound treatment. FRG, (r>0.50 in 8 of 16 cases), was best correlated with first- + second-year stem diameter increment. Correlations between FRG and RGC were inconsistent and generally low.     

Using different sorbents for the concentration of enteroviruses

Comparative investigations were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of concentration (EC) of enteroviruses (poliovirus type 1 and simian rotavirus SA-11) using macroporous glass (brands MPG-1000 VGKh, USSR, and SO1, Czechoslovakia) and membrane filters (MF): (nitrocellulose PNTs 0.45, USSR, Millipore HAWP 0.45, USA, Synpor 0.45, Czechoslovakia as well as polycapromide MF Pall 0.2, FRG, and FMPA 0.55, USSR). To assess the sorption properties of filters, poliovirus preparations and rabbit serum gamma-globulin were labelled with radioactive isotopes. Nitrocellulose filters (Millipore and PNTs) proved to be superior in providing for 64-90% virus sorption and 20-24% protein sorption. Elution experiments using solutions of different chemical nature--protein solutions (triptosophosphate broth and beef extract), amino acid mixture (glycine + arginine), chaotropic salt (sodium trichloroacetate mixed with lysine)--showed that protein solutions better eluted rotavirus SA-11 from nitrocellulose filters and macroporous glass (MPG). The utilization of nitrocellulose filters and MPG as sorbents enables a 10-40-fold concentration of enteroviruses depending on the chosen eluent. Comparisons of EC values for rotavirus SA-11 obtained using porous glass MPS-1000 VGKh and SO1 indicated that MPS-1000 VGKh was superior both with respect to recovery efficiency (R) and concentration factor (CF).     

The results of clinical trials and the prospects of using the Soviet preparation of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) in medical practice

The results of the clinical trials of human recombinant interferon alpha-2 (reaferon) make it possible to come to the conclusion that the preparation is well-tolerated and produces a pronounced therapeutic effect in a number of viral and oncological diseases. The Pharmacological Committee of the USSR has recommended reaferon for use in acute hepatitis B, hairy cell leukemia, renal cancer at stage IV, disseminated sclerosis, ocular herpes. The use of reaferon has been found to be promising in the treatment of papillomatosis of the larynx, Kaposi's sarcoma, mycosis fungoides, chronic myeloleukemia.     

奥美拉唑联合法莫替丁治疗反流性食管炎的临床效果分析

目的：观察并分析奥关拉唑联合法莫替丁治疗反流性食管炎的临床效果。方法：选取2008年5月至2012年5月在本院确诊并治疗的反流性食管炎患者45例,随机平均分为三组。联合用药组（15例）：每日早餐前口服20mg奥关拉唑,睡前口服20mg法莫替丁;奥关拉唑组（15例）：每日口服两次奥美拉唑,每次20mg;法莫替丁组（15例）：每日口服两次法莫替丁,每次20mg。每组的治疗时间均为8周。在内镜指导下观察并比较三组患者的胸痛、反酸和烧心等主要病征的改善情况,综合评价三种治疗方法的临床疗效。结果：联合用药组较其他两组获得的疗效更明显,患者的症状得到较好的改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：奥美拉唑联合法莫替丁能够有效地抑制胃酸的分泌,对于反流性食管炎的,临床治疗具有良好的效果。     

Simultaneous determination of cytosine arabinoside,daunorubicin and etoposide in human plasma

A method for simultaneous bioanalysis of the three cytotoxic drugs cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin and etoposide in human plasma was developed and validated. A HPLC method with ultra-violet and fluorescence detection, preceded by mixed-mode cation-exchange solid phase extraction sample preparation, was used for the quantification of the analytes. The assay was used for the simultaneous measurement of cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin and etoposide with linearity in the ranges of 13–1500 ng/mL, 15–1000 ng/mL and 52.5–3500 ng/mL, respectively. The chromatographic run-time was 15.5 min. The overall precision (% relative standard deviation) was within 0.2–13.5% and the recovery ranged between 86.1% and 110.1% for the three drugs at all concentrations tested. Plasma samples were stable for at least two months when stored at −20 °C. The method was successfully applied to quantification of the three drugs in blood samples from patients undergoing induction treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia, thus demonstrating its suitability for clinical studies.     

Assessment of protective role of polyherbal preparation, Livina, against anti-tubercular drug induced liver dysfunction

The present study evaluated the possible protective role of Livina (a polyherbal preparation) against anti-tubercular therapy (ATT)-induced liver dysfunction in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients were given intensive phase treatment with 4-drugs (rifampicin, INH, pyrazinamide and ethambutol) used for anti-tubercular therapy for 2 months, followed by a 4-month continuous phase treatment with 2 drugs (rifampicin and INH) under clinical advice and supervision. Both qualitative and quantitative measures of liver function were assessed, at different time intervals, before and after ATT. Analysis of data showed that the incidence of qualitative manifestations of liver dysfunction were greater in the placebo treated group as compared to the test drug group. None of the patients of either group showed clinical jaundice. Most signific changes ant were observed in the SGOT and SGPT levels in the placebo group, wherein the levels of both enzymes were higher at 4 and 8 weeks post-ATT, as compared to the respective baseline (0 week) values. When Livina (2 capsules twice daily) was given with ATT drugs, incidence of qualitative manifestation of liver dysfunction was insignificant and SGOT and SGPT levels were also significantly lower than the placebo+AITT drugs treated group. These results indicate that the test drug (Livina) was efficacious, against ATT-induced hepatic dysfunction in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis.     

五味子煎剂对2 型糖尿病患者血清IL-2 及IL-6 水平的影响

目的：探讨五味子煎剂对2 型糖尿病患者的临床疗效及血清IL-2、IL-6 水平的影响。方法：选取我科门诊及住院的2 型糖尿 病病患者88 例,随机分为两组,其中对照组44 例,予盐酸二甲双胍胶囊常规治疗,1 个月为一个疗程,治疗三个疗程;实验组44 例,在常规治疗的基础上加用五味子15 g,日一剂水煎服,1 个月为一个疗程,治疗三个疗程。治疗结束后,对比临床疗效及治疗前 后患者IL-2、IL-6 水平、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）及血脂（TC、TG及LDL）。结果：治疗后两组患者IL-2 明显升高,IL-6 水平明显降 低,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,且实验组IL-2、IL-6 水平较对照组明显好转,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）;治疗后两组患者 HbA1c 均有所降低,且实验组HbA1c 较对照组明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜ 0.05）;治疗后两组患者血脂均有所改善,且实验 组血脂较对照组明显好转,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：中药五味子能明显提高T2DM 患者血清IL-2 水平、降低IL-6 水 平,降低患者糖化血红蛋白及血脂水平,提高2 型糖尿病临床疗效,对临床具有指导意义。     

通用型CD19 CAR-T的体外构建及初步功能鉴定

CAR-T免疫细胞治疗已经在血液肿瘤领域取得突破性进展.然而,目前上市和国内临床试验的CAR-T细胞均来自肿瘤患者自身,即自体型CAR-T.因受制于患者T细胞的质量和数量、制备周期长且价格昂贵等原因,很难将其进行大规模临床应用.该研究利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术敲除健康人脐带血来源T细胞的TCR分子和HLA-...     

Suppression of puberty in girls with short-acting intranasal versus subcutaneous depot GnRH agonist

BACKGROUND/AIM: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is more common in females than in males. During the last few decades a new group of patients with CPP has been seen frequently in Northern Europe, namely children adopted from developing countries. GnRH analogue preparations, administered either as intranasal spray or as depot preparations, are the drugs of choice for inhibiting the release of gonadotropins. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of buserelin given by intranasal spray with that of the same compound given as a subcutaneous depot preparation. METHODS: The study group comprised 46 pubertal girls below the age of 9.5 years, adopted from a developing country. During the first 2 years, the treatment used was buserelin acetate 300 microg 6 times daily as a nasal spray. During the third year the treatment was changed to Suprefact Depot, 6.3 mg, given as a subcutaneous implant every 8 weeks. Half of the girls were randomized to growth hormone treatment in addition to the pubertal inhibition. RESULTS: GnRH provocation tests after 6 weeks, 1 year and 2 years of treatment with intranasal GnRH analogue showed suppression of gonadotropin secretion except in 1 case of noncompliance. During the third year, when the long-acting depot preparation was used, suppression was more pronounced. The peak LH response, especially, was considerably lower than during treatment with the nasal spray preparation. In all cases the clinical inhibition of puberty was adequate both during the first two years and during the third year. CONCLUSION: Even though the clinical suppression of puberty was adequate with both modes of administration, the effect of the depot preparation, in this study Suprefact Depot, was more pronounced in terms of gonadotropin suppression and less dependent on patient compliance.     

应用NT-proBNP评价常规药物加心区交感神经阻滞对心衰治疗的有效性

目的:利用常规药物加心区交感神经阻滞（CSNB）技术治疗（以下简称治疗）慢性心力衰竭，观察治疗前后患者血浆N- 端脑 利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平变化情况及利用NT-proBNP评价常规药物加CSNB对心衰治疗的有效性。方法：对54 例慢性心衰 患者给予常规药物加CSNB治疗，比较治疗前后血浆NT-proBNP 的水平、左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张末内径（LVEDD）变化 情况，随访6 个月内不良事件（以下简称事件）发生率（包括全因病死率和再入院率之和）。结果：治疗后患者3-8 分钟即感觉呼吸 困难等临床症状体征明显减轻，住院期间患者尿量明显增多，无一例死亡；治疗14日及出院时血浆NT-proBNP 明显下降（出院时 下降比例为61.4%），与治疗前比较其差异有显著统计学意义（P＜0.01）；LVEF升高，与治疗前比较其差异有显著统计学意义（P＜ 0.01）；住院14日及出院时LVEDD较入院时缩小。随访6 个月，发生事件12 例（22.2%）。结论：NT-proBNP是评价心衰治疗有效 性的可信指标，常规药物加CSNB治疗心衰的临床疗效明显优于单纯常规药物治疗。     

参苓白术散联合沙美特罗治疗COPD的临床疗效分析

目的：探讨参苓白术散结合沙美特罗治疗对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的临床疗效。方法：采用前瞻性随机对照设计。将93例COPD患者随机均分为三组（称为A、B、C组）,A组给予中药参苓白术散口服和沙美特罗喷雾剂吸入治疗,B组给予中药参苓白术散颗粒剂口服治疗,C组给予沙美特罗喷雾剂吸入治疗,治疗疗程3个月,观察治疗前后三组患者的临床症状和体征、中医症状评分以及肺功能包括FEV1、FVC和PEF变化情况。结果：治疗3个月后,给予中药参苓白术散剂口服和沙美特罗喷雾剂吸入治疗的A组患者临床症状和体征、中医症状评分以及肺功能较治疗前明显改善,FEV1和FVC分别提高了0-3L和0-37L,PEF也增加了44L／min,并且这两种药物联合治疗疗效也明显优于B、c组（P〈0．05）。结论：参苓白术散结合沙关特罗治疗能明显改善COPD患者临床表现和肺功能。     

瑞格列奈联合二甲双胍对西宁地区2 型糖尿病患者PAI-1水平的影响

目的:研究瑞格列奈联合二甲双胍对西宁地区2型糖尿病患者纤维蛋白溶酶原激活抑制因子-1(PAI-1)水平的影响。方法:选择2012年2月~2015年9月在我院进行诊治的2型糖尿病患者98例,随机分为三组,分别用瑞格列奈、二甲双胍单独治疗和两药联合治疗。在治疗前后分别检测空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和PAI-1水平。结果:联合用药组的治疗总有效率为94.12%,明显高于瑞格列奈组(71.87%)和二甲双胍组(75.00%)(P0.05);瑞格列奈组和二甲双胍组治疗6周后,空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和PAI-1水平均明显降低(P0.05),但两单独用药组间相比无显著性差异;联合治疗组上述指标均较单独用药明显降低(P0.05)。联合治疗期间低血糖和胃肠不适的发生率较单独用药无明显升高。结论:瑞格列奈和二甲双胍可较单药治疗进一步降低2型糖尿病患者的PAI-1水平,这可能有助于改善患者的血液凝固程度,减少血管相关并发症,且无明显不良反应,值得临床应用推广。     

心包剥离术对老年慢性缩窄性心包炎患者ANF与ET的影响

目的:探讨心包剥离术对老年慢性缩窄性心包炎心钠素(ANF)与内皮素(ET)变化的影响。方法:收集我院收治的慢性缩窄性心包炎患者66例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组各33例,患者均给予相应治疗,对照组给予相应强心、扩血管药物,实验组患者行心包剥离术,治疗结束后,对所有患者的ANF、ET、血压以及临床治疗效果进行检测并比较。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者ANF、ET、舒张压以及脉压水平均下降,收缩压水平升高(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者ANF、ET、舒张压以及脉压水平较低,收缩压水平较高(P0.05);实验组患者治疗总有效率较高(P0.05)。结论:心包剥离术能够降低慢性缩窄性心包炎患者ANF、ET、舒张压以及脉压水平,升高收缩压水平,临床疗效较好,对临床有指导意义。     

Indomethacin--aspirin interaction: a clinical appraisal.

Plasma profiles of indomethacin after a 50-mg oral dose were constructed in six healthy volunteers before and after a week of aspirin treatment. Aspirin did not interfere with indomethacin plasma levels. To examine the clinical effect of concurrent indomethacin and aspirin treatment 20 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis were given indomethacin 100 mg/day, aspirin soluble 4 g/day, and the two drugs taken together in random order. Analysis of the clinical indices of inflammation--articular index and mean pain score--and of the efficacy of each treatment showed no significant differences between the three treatment groups. With the proliferation in the number of anti-rheumatic drugs available, the case for giving two or more nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs concurrently remains unproved.