共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Summary Agitated layers of liquid medium were created on platform shakers in jars with 25–30 ml of medium (similar to conventional
agar culture) rotating at 90 rpm. Thin films were scaled up in larger rectangular vessels on tilted shelves that periodically
rock. In jars of liquid medium with a density of 180 explants per liter, multiplication rates of Hota tokudama var. ‘Newberry Gold’ were optimal with a media sucrose concentration of 5% [both with and without 1 μM benzyladenine (BA)]. Endogenous levels of soluble sugars were directly related to the concentration of sucrose in the medium.
Three Hosta cultivars (‘Striptease’, ‘Minuteman’, and ‘Stiletto’) with plant densities of 40–200 explants per liter of medium were tested
in larger, agitated, thin-film vessels in media with 5% sucrose and directly compared to agar medium. Higher rates of multiplication
were observed in liquid than agar with the magnitude of the difference dependent on explant density. Pooled results for the
three varieties with 200 explants per liter showed multiplication rates of 1.7x and 2.3x for agar and thin-film liquid, respectively.
At 40 explants per liter, the multiplication rate was increased to 2.1x for agar and 3.4x for thin-film liquid. Sugar uptake
was greater in liquid than agar and was greater in the higher densities, with the magnitude of the effect dependent on plant
variety. Increased vessel size in the liquid, thin-film system and greater sugar uptake allowed more, larger plants to be
harvested. Alocasia macrorrhizos was cultured in growth medium containing 1μM BA and 5% sucrose with plant densities in the range of 33–330 explants per liter. Dry weight and multiplication rate were
greater in the liquid system than agar with the magnitude of the difference dependent on plant density. With approximately
165 explants per liter, and greater at the initiation of culture, plant density limited growth in both agar and liquid thin-film
systems. In a multiplication medium (3 μM BA and 3 μM ancymidol) plant size was reduced by 50% and 60% (fresh weight) in liquid and agar, respectively. Initial density in the
range of 165–330 explants per liter did not limit growth with the smaller plants in liquid or semisolid multiplication medium.
Sugar uptake was greater in liquid than agar. While ample sugar was present in media for growth at any density on agar, sugar
depletion was limiting growth at highest densities with the larger plants in liquid growth medium. In semisolid agar medium,
sugar uptake by plants was more rapid than diffusion across the agar medium, resulting in non-equilibrium conditions following
the culture cycle. In agitated, liquid medium, a greater transfer of sugars to plant tissue was related to accelerated growth. 相似文献
2.
Summary Anthers and ovaries of six grapevine cultivars (three Vitis vinifera L., two V × Labruscana L. H. Bailey, and one complex hybrid) were extracted from flower buds over 2 yr and cultured on three media reported to promote
somatic embryogenesis in Vitis tissues. The highest percent embryogenesis from the hybrid ‘Chancellor’ and V. vinifera ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot’, and ‘Pinot Noir’ occurred on medium C [Nitsch and Nitsch, 1969, basal medium with 3.0% (w/v) sucrose,
0.01% (w/v) inositol. 0.3% (w/v) Phytagel, 2.5 μM 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2.5μM β-naphthoxyacetic acid, 5.0μM N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea, and 0.05% (w/v) glutamine]. Regardless of the media, the labrusca cultivars ‘Concord’ and ‘Niagara’ produced
soft non-embryogenic callus that was sometimes mixed with well-developed somatic embryos. Nine vinifera genotypes were further
tested for several different years on medium C. Embryogenic cultures suitable for transformation were obtained from all genotypes
in more than 1 yr. The average percent embryogenesis from ovaries was 7-fold higher than from anthers. There was significant
annual variation in percent embryogenesis, demonstrating the need for media comparisons to be replicated for more than one
season. Suspension cultures suitable for use in genetic transformation were initiated from ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Merlot,’ and ‘Pinot
Noir’ pro-embryogenic masses. ‘Chardonnay’ suspension cultures plated and grown under conditions developed for recovery of
plants after biolistic transformation yielded approximately 500 non-transformed embryos per plate after 4 mo. of culture,
with 68.6% of the embryos converting to plants. This is the first reported protocol for embryogenesis from ‘Concord,’ ‘Cabernet
Franc,’ and ‘Pinot Noir’ grapevines. 相似文献
3.
So-Young Park Hosakatte N. Murthy Kee-Yoeup Paek 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(2):168-172
Summary An efficient and rapid in vitro method was developed for regeneration of Phalaenopsis using leaf segments derived in vitro from flower stalk nodes. Leaf segments of four cultivars Tinny Sunshine ‘Annie’, ‘Taisuco Hatarot’, Teipei Gold ‘Golden Star’,
Tinny Galaxy ‘Annie’ cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with N
6-benzyladenine (BA; 88,8 μM) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 5,4 μM) produced an average of 10–13 protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) after 12 wk. PLB proliferation was achieved on a modified Hyponex
medium (1 gl−1 6.5N−4.5P−19K+20N−20P−20K+2gl−1 peplone +3% (w/v) potato homogenate +0.05% activated 1 gl−1 charcoal) and an optimal number of 13–18 PLBs developed from single PLB sections of different cultivars. Plantlet development
was also achieved on a modified Hyponex medium. By repeated subculture of PLBs on a proliferation medium, and culturing them
in the plantlet regeneration medium, plantlets could be produced continuously. Approximately 6 mo, were required from the
initiation of culture to the production of plantlets for transplant to community pots. 相似文献
4.
Summary Carbohydrate type and concentration and their interactive effects on in vitro shoot proliferation of three lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea ssp. vitis-idaea L.) cultivars (‘Regal’, ‘Splendor’, and ‘Erntedank’) and two V. vitis-idaea ssp. minus (Lodd) clones (‘NL1’ and ‘NL2’) were studied. Nodal explants were grown in vitro on medium with 2 μM zeatin and either glucose, sorbitol, or sucrose at a concentration of 0, 10, 20, or 30 gl−1. The interactive effects of carbohydrate type and concentration and genotype were important for shoot proliferation. The
best response was afforded by sucrose at 20 gl−1 both in terms of explant response and shoot developing potential, although glucose supported shoot growth equally well, and
in ‘NL1’ at 10 gl−1 it resulted in better in vitro growth than sucrose. Carbohydrate concentration had little effect on shoot vigor. The genotypes differed in terms of shoots
per explant, length, and vigor, leaves per shoot, and callus formation at the base of explants; this was manifested with various
types and concentrations of carbohydrate. Changing the positioning of explants on the medium from vertically upright to horizontal
increased the shoot and callus size, but decreased shoot height and leaves per shoot. Proliferated shoots were rooted on a
peat:perlite (1∶1, v/v) medium and the plantlets were acclimatized and eventually established in the greenhouse. 相似文献
5.
Pejman Azadi Dong Poh Chin Kiyo Kuroda Raham Sher Khan Masahiro Mii 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(2):201-209
A highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for Lilium × formolongi was established by modifying the medium used for inoculation and co-cultivation. Meristematic nodular calli of Lilium were inoculated with an overnight culture of A. tumefaciens strain EHA101 containing the plasmid pIG121-Hm harboring an intron-containing β-glucuronidase (GUS), hygromycin phosphotransferase,
and neomycin phosphotransferase II genes. The effects of ten different types of media and carbohydrates (sucrose, d-glucose, and l-arabinose) in both inoculation and co-cultivation media were evaluated. Interestingly, a dramatic increase in the frequency
of transformation (25.4%) was observed when Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing sucrose and lacking KH2PO4, NH4NO3, KNO3, and CaCl2 was used. Hygromycin-resistant transgenic calli were obtained only in medium supplemented with sucrose. The effects of this
modified medium were also investigated for Lilium cultivars ‘Acapulco’, ‘Casa Blanca’, and ‘Red Ruby’. The highest frequency of transformation (23.3%) was obtained for cv.
Acapulco. Hygromycin-resistant calli were successfully regenerated into plantlets on plant growth regulator-free MS medium.
Transgenic plants were confirmed by GUS histochemical assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Southern blot analyses. 相似文献
6.
Summary The effects of nodal explants collected at different plastochrones, use of various benzyladenine (BA) concentrations, sources
of carbohydrates, and phases of the culture medium on shoot establishment and proliferation ofRosa hybrida L. andR. chinensis minima were evaluated. Higher numbers of shoots per explant were obtained fromR. hybrida cv. Carefree Beauty explants proximal to the apical meristem than those from distal nodes. However, proliferating shoots
derived from plastochrones proximal to the apical meristem had a lower number of leaves/explant and were shorter than those
derived from other distal plastochrones. Although shoot proliferation increased with higher BA concentration in the medium,
a concentration of 4.4 μM BA was found optimum for axillary bud-break and shoot development forR. hybrida cvs. Adelaide Hoodless and Cuthert Grant. A higher shoot proliferation rate was observed forR. hybrida cv. Carefree Beauty explants grown on a medium containing 55.5 mM fructose than 58.4 mM sucrose. However, no differences were observed forR. hybrida cv. Cuthert Grant grown on a medium containing either fructose or sucrose. The mean number of shoots/explant was higher forR. chinensis minima cv. Red Sunblaze explants grown on a liquid (4.5) than on a solid medium (1.7) for the first reculture; while no significant
differences between the two phases of the medium were observed for the second reculture. However, a higher mean number of
shoots/explant was observed on solid-phase (4.0) than liquid-phase medium (3.4) for the third reculture. A higher mean number
of leaves/shoot was obtained on a solidified medium rather than liquid medium in the first two consecutive recultures, while
no differences were observed for the third reculture. Although a significant effect of BA concentration on mean number of
shoots/explant was observed for Red Sunblaze nodal explants, the influence of BA concentration decreased in the two consecutive
cultures for both phases of the medium. Hyperhydricity was observed on Red Sunblaze shoots grown on the liquid-phase medium. 相似文献
7.
In vitro bulblet formation was studied using solid, liquid and bioreactor culture (immersion and periodic immersion in liquid media
using ebb and flood) in order to develop a cost effective method for the mass propagation of Lilium oriental hybrid ‘Casablanca’. Although the percent of bulblet formation was higher in solid culture, the increased growth
rate and production of large number of bulblets in bioreactor makes it suitable for mass propagation. Four times per day and
15 min of medium supply was optimal for bulblet formation in ebb and flood bioreactor. Bulblet formation was also found to
be effective in 16-h photoperiod. It was also observed that bulblet formation in the medium with 1.0 mg dm−3 BA and 0.3 mg dm−3 NAA was higher than in the medium without growth regulators, but formation of abnormal bulblets was higher in medium with
BA and NAA.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Theano B. Lazaridou Demetrios G. Roupakias Athanasios S. Economou 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1993,33(3):297-301
Embryo rescue in twoVicia faba L. cultivars (‘Polycarpe’ and ‘A-107’) and oneV. narbonensis L. population (A-202) was studied under a 22 ± 2°C/ 16 ± 1° day/night temperature regime. Very young ovules (1.0–1.8 mm long)
cultured, in-ovule, on five liquid media remained green for a longer period of time on modified B5, modified Murashige and
Skoog and modified Beasley and Ting media than on modified Phillips and Collins and modified Bourgin and Nitsch media. However,
no embryo growth or embryo germination was observed. In-ovule culture of older ovules, 6 and 8 days forV. narbonensis and 10 and 14 days forV. faba, on modified B5 liquid medium allowed 6-day-oldV. narbonensis and 14-day-oldV. faba embryos to be rescued. Finally, culture of whole pods of the two species resulted in the rescue of even younger embryos.
Thus, plantlets were obtained from as young as 4-day-oldV. narbonensis pods and 11-day-oldV. faba pods. 相似文献
9.
Neoli Lucyszyn Marguerite Quoirin Luciana L. F. Ribas Henrique S. Koehler Maria Rita Sierakowski 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(3):287-290
Summary The influence of partial substitution of agar by galactomannans (GMs) in culture media was studied in pear (Pyrus communis L. cv. ‘Durondeau’) micropropagation. GMs. extracted from seeds of Cassia fastuosa (cassia) or Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (guar gum, a commercial GM), were mixed in equal proportions with agar to a final concentration of 0.3% (w/v) for each type
of gelling agent. The production of multiple shoots and the formation of roots from shoots were compared with the control
solidified with agar alone at a concentration of 0.6% (w/v). In the media solidified with the mixtures of agar/guar and agar/cassia
GMs, an, increase of 32 and 17%, respectively, was obtained in the number of regenerated shoots. The modified media promoted
a higher number of roots and increased the rooting percentage. A maximum of 91% rooting was obtained in the medium solidified
with the agar/cassia GM and containing 9.80 μM indole-3-butyric acid. Less callus formation at the base of the shoot was also observed on this medium. The improved in vitro performance of shoot formation and rooting, combined with a significantly lower cost, suggests a potential use of agar/GM
gels in plant tissue culture. 相似文献
10.
J. Y. Choi H. J. Kim C. H. Lee J. M. Bae Y. S. Chung J. S. Shin N. I. Hyung 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):274-279
Summary An efficient and simple plant regeneration system via organogenesis from leaf segments of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) cultivars ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Nishimurawase’ has been developed. The regeneration capacity was influenced by the culture
vessels, gelling agents, plant growth regulators, and light conditions. Leaf explants taken from in vitro shoots were cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium (MS1/2N), for 16 wk without transfer to fresh medium. Adventious
shoots appeared after 4 and 8 wk in culture of ‘Nishimurawase’ and ‘Fuyu’ tissues, respectively. The culture of leaf explants
in Erlenmeyer flasks with medium containing 4 g l−1 agar enhanced shoot formation in comparison to media with increased agar concentrations. Optimal shoot regeneration was obtained
with 5 mg l−1 (22.8 μM) zeatin and 0.1 mg l−1 (0.05 μM) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for ‘Nishimurawase’, and 10 mg l−1 (45.6 μM) zeatin and 0.1 mg l−1 (0.05 μM) IBA for ‘Fuyn’. Shoot regeneration frequencies in both cultivars were 100%, and shoot numbers per explant reached up to
9.2 for ‘Nishimurawase’ and 2.2 for ‘Fuyu’. Dark incubation during the first 4–5 wk was the most effective condition to successfully
influence shoot regeneration in both cultivars. While dark incubation was essential for adventitious shoot formation by ‘Fuyu’,
it was only slightly beneficial to ‘Nishimurawase’. More than 80% of the regenerated shoots rooted within 4 wk on hormone-free
MS1/2N demium after having been dipped for 30 s in 250 mg l−1 (1.1. mM) IBA solution. 相似文献
11.
Summary The influences of various carbohydrate sources, dried yeast (DY), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) were estimated on growth and
development of shoot tip-derived suspension cells of phalaenopsis orchid. Among the carbohydrates tested on Doriataenopsis cultured on gelled medium, glucose at 58.4 mM gave the highest efficiency of protocorm-like body (PLB) formation. Maltose and sorbitol only induced PLB formation without
callus proliferation. Sucrose induced comparable callus proliferation to glucose but without PLB formation. In contrast, fructose
resulted in half the amount of callus proliferation as occurred with glucose. Lactose was an inadequate carbon source as neither
PLB formation nor callus proliferation occurred. DY enhanced cell proliferation at 0.1–1gl−1 but inhibited both cell proliferation and PLB formation at 10gl−1. Low BA (0.4 μM) slightly increased callus proliferation but inhibited PLB formation. Only one treatment, sucrose and 1 gl−1 DY, yielded a small number of plants. For suspension cultures of Phalaenopsis Snow Parade and P. Wedding Promenade, PLB formation was most efficiently induced by sucrose at 29.2 mM for P. Snow Parade and 14.6 mM glucose for P. Wedding Promenade. Histological observation revealed that cells in suspension culture developed into plants through the
same developmental proess as germinating seeds. 相似文献
12.
Fotini G. Skiada Katerina Grigoriadou Eleftherios P. Eleftheriou 《Central European Journal of Biology》2010,5(6):839-852
The effects of six basal media on in vitro shoot proliferation of the greek grapevines Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Malagouzia’ and ‘Xinomavro’ were investigated. Galzy and Zlenco proved to be the most effective for ‘Malagouzia’
and ‘Xinomavro’, respectively. If only BA was present in the medium, shoot development was poor and the plantlets were chlorotic.
When the medium was supplemented with BA and NAA, growth was enhanced. The best ratio (in μM) of growth regulators was 0.5/0.3
for ‘Malagouzia’, and 0.1/0.03 for ‘Xinomavro’, which resulted in the highest number of microshoots per explant and greatest
proliferation rate. The development of ‘Malagouzia’ and ‘Xinomavro’ explants at 21±2 and 26±2°C was also investigated, revealing
the higher temperature to be more effective. Regarding rooting, 0.5 μM IBA improved root formation at 26°C for ‘Malagouzia’
and 0.5 μM IBA at 21°C for ‘Xinomavro’. Moreover, 0.5 μM IBA resulted in a higher rooting percentage (>95%) and proved to
be more beneficial for the overall morphological appearance of the plantlets of ‘Malagouzia’. After acclimatization, survival
of microshoots cultivated in media with IBA was higher than those in NAA. 相似文献
13.
Fráguas Chrystiane Borges Pasqual Moacir Dutra Leonardo Ferreira Cazetta Jairo Osvaldo 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2004,40(5):471-474
Summary An in vitro protocol for Ficus carica cv. ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ was optimized. Nodal explants containing two buds were excised from field-grown mature plants, and
transferred to different proliferation media consisting of combinations of distinct concentrations of activated charcoal with
benzyladenine (BA), kinetin with gibberellic acid (GA3), and WPM (woody plant medium) with kinetin. The regular strength of WPM in combination with 0.5 mgl−1 kinetin was the best condition for shoot proliferation of Ficus carica ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ plants. The addition of activated charcoal in the medium completely inhibited shoot proliferation. The
inclusion of BA in the medium induced excessive callus formation as well as small and vitrified shoots, while GA3 induced excessive elongation associated with vitrification, chlorosis, and tip-burned shoots. 相似文献
14.
Samir C. Debnath Kenneth B. McRae 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):243-249
Summary Cultures of two eranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) cultivars, ‘Ben Lear’ and ‘Pilgrim’, and three eranberry clones from natural stands in Newfoundland were established
in a nutrient medium containing N6[2-isopentenyl]adenine (2iP) from nodal and/or shoot-tip explants obtained under aseptic conditions. The cultivars differed
in shoot regeneration in terms of shoot number per explant with various concentrations of 2iP over two culture periods. Best
total shoot production was obtained when nodal segments were cultured in the medium supplemented with 2.5–5.0 mg 2iP l−1 (12.3–24.6 μM). With higher 2iP levels, shoots did not expand and had a high mortality rate. Nodal explants of the three clones cultured
in the same nutrient medium supplemented with 2.5 mg 2iP l−1 (12.3 μM) produced three to five healthy axillary shoots per explant. In another experiment, nodal explants were more productive than
shoot tips. In all experiments with subculture, there was an increase in shoot multiplication rate for all genotypes. Shoots
were rooted in vitro in the same media used for shoot proliferation, but without any growth regulators. After their transfer to potting medium,
almost all of the rooted plants survived. Cranberry genotypes can be efficiently propagated and maintained through nodal culture
in a nutrient medium without auxin that contains 2.5–5 mg 2iP l−1 (12–25 μM). 相似文献
15.
Summary Use of lysozyme was tested for treatment of bacterial contaminations in in vitro shoot cultures of quince (Cydonia oblonga) ‘BA 29’ and the hybrid (Prunus persica × P. amygdalus) rootstock ‘GF 677’. Shoots which had been contaminated for about 1 yr by Bacillus circulans and Sphingomonas paucimobilis were treated in liquid culture, at pH 4.5, with 9–36 mg ml−1 egg white lysozyme (EWL), and compared to each other and to untreated cultures for their growth, proliferation, and number
of bacterial colony-forming units in the tissues. EWL did not negatively affect shoot growth up to 18 mg ml−1; furthermore, the proliferation rates of EWL-treated shoots were sometimes higher than those of controls. In contrast, the
concentration of 36 mg ml−1 had some deleterious effect on the regrowth capacity and shoot production of ‘GF 677’ at the first subculture to solid medium
after EWL, treatments. EWL had a simple bacteriostatic effect against Sphingomonas paucimobilis; in contrast, it was effective at 18 mg ml−1 in eliminating Bacillus circulans in both ‘BA 29’ and ‘GF 677’ cultures, after optimal treatment duration. 相似文献
16.
In vitro screening for cold hardiness of raspberry cultivars 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars ‘Festival’, ‘Titan’ and ‘Willamette’ were cultured in vitro on three different media:
(A) MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.1 mg l-1 IBA, (B) MS medium without growth regulators, and (C) MS medium with reduced sucrose (10 g l-1), and exposed to different low temperature acclimation treatments: (1) control, no acclimation, (2) 1 week at +15 °C, 1 week
at +2 °C, 24 h at -2 °C and 3 days at +2 °C, and (3) 2 weeks at +15 °C, 2 weeks at +2 °C, 24 h at −2 °C and 3 days at +2 °C.
After acclimation, shoot moisture content was measured, and cold hardiness (LT50) was determined by controlled freezing. Shoot moisture content was generally lower on culture medium B compared to the other
media, but not affected by acclimation treatment. In non-acclimated plants, medium composition had no effect on cold hardiness
and no cultivar differences in hardiness were observed. After acclimation, plants on culture medium B were on average more
cold hardy than on the other media. Acclimation treatment 3 on media A and B allowed the best discrimination between the hardy
cultivar ‘Festival’ and less cold hardy ‘Titan’ and ‘Willamette’. When acclimation treatments were tested further using 11
raspberry cultivars with different levels of cold hardiness, discrimination between cultivars was satisfactory only after
acclimation treatment 3 on culture medium B.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Summary A simple and efficient micropropagation method was established for direct protocorm-like body (PLB) formation and plant regeneration
from flower stalk internodes of a sympodial orchid, Epidendrum radicans. Small transparent tissues formed on surfaces and cut ends of flower stalk internodes on a modified half-strength Murashige
and Skoog basal medium with or without thidiazuron (TDZ) after 1–2 wk of culture. In the light, the transparent tissues enlarged
and turned into organized calluses on most of the explants. However, PLBs formed only on a medium supplemened with 0.45 μM TDZ within 2 mo. of culture. Sucrose, NH4NO3, and KNO3 were used in media to test their effects on PLB proliferation and shooting. The best response on number of PLBs per tube
was 23.6 at 40 gl−1 sucrose, 825 mgl−1 NH4NO3, and 950 mgl−1 KNO3, and the highest number of PLBs with shoots was found at 10 gl−1 sucrose, 825 mgl−1 NH4NO3, and 950 mgl−1 KNO3. Homogenized PLB tissues produced by blending were used to test the effects of four cytokinins [TDZ, N6-benzyladenine (BA), zeatin-riboside, and kinetin] on PLB proliferation and shoot formation. The best responses on number
of PLBs per tube, proliferation rate, and number of PLBs with shoots per tube were obtained at 4.44 μM BA, 0.28 μM zeatin-riboside, and 1.39 μM kinetin, respectively. Normal plantlets converted from PLBs on the same TDZ-containing medium after 1 mo. of culture. The
optimized procedure required about 12–13 wk from the initiation of PLBs to plantlet formation. The regenerated plants grew
well with an almost 100% survival rate when acclimatized in a greenhouse. 相似文献
18.
Summary An in vitro protocol has been developed for callus indiction, somatic embryogenesis, and plant regeneration from stigma-style culture
of grapevine. Four different grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.: cvs. ‘Bombino Nero’, ‘Greco di Tufo’, ‘Merlot’, and ‘Sangiovese’) were tested. Exlants were cultured on Nitsch and Nitsch
medium (NN) supplemented with various combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA: 4.5 and 9.0 μM) and β-naphthoxyacetic acid (NOA; 5.0 and 9.9 μM). Sucrose (88 mM) was used as the carbon source. Somatic embryogenesis was induced within 3–7 mo. after culture initiation. Even though explants
of different origin (unfertilized ovules and anthers) regenerated somatic embryos, the higher embryogenic potential was observed
in stigma and style explants, with the exception of ‘Merlot’, which regenerated somatic embryos only from unfertilized ovules.
The percentages of stigma-style explants producing somatic embryos was 7% in ‘Bombino Nero’ (cultured on NN medium supplemented
9.0 μM BA and 9.9 μM NOA). 14% in ‘Greco di Tufo’ (4.5 μM BA and 9.9 μM NOA), and 8% in ‘Sangiovese’ (9.0 μM BA and 9.9 μM NOA). The presence of growth regulators (BA and NOA) in the medium was essential for induction of somatic embryogenesis.
Plants were regenerated on hormone-free NN medium containing 88 mM sucrose. 相似文献
19.
Three cultivars (cvs.) of Gladiolus hybridus Hort., namely ‘Her Majesty’, ‘Aldebaran’ and ‘Bright Eye’ were successfully micropropagated.
The cultures were established using intact cormels or segments of cormels and inflorescence axes on Murashige and Skoog (1962;
MS) medium. The response depended on media supplements; both callus formation or direct induction of shoot buds was observed.
Shoot differentiation from callus could be obtained on MS medium containing 1.0 μM BA (6–benzyladenine) and 10.0 μM NAA (α-naphthalene
acetic acid) in all three cultivars. The same could be achieved by giving a heat shock (HS; 50 °C, 1h) to callus cultures
(in case of ‘Her Majesty’ and ‘Aldebaran’ only) maintained on the basal medium. In these two cultivars, high sucrose concentration
(0.232, 0.290 or 0.348 M) also favoured growth and proliferation of shoot cultures on a plant growth regulator-free medium
at 20 °C in comparison to the cultures kept at 25 °C. On the other hand, shoot cultures maintained on the basal medium at
25 °C containing normal (0.058 M, i.e., 2.0%, w/v) sucrose concentration responded similar to those maintained at 20 °C on
a high sucrose medium; reduced response was observed on normal sucrose containing medium at 20 °C. Heat shock enhanced shoot
proliferation in the cultures maintained on basal medium, but induced prolific rooting in shoot cultures, within 5 days of
HS, on high sucrose (optimum 0.232 M) medium. While the number of roots increased at higher sucrose concentrations in the
medium in case of cvs. ‘Her Majesty’ and ‘Aldebaran’, the same was found to be independent of sucrose concentration in cv.
‘Bright Eye’. Generally the rooted plants produced on high sucrose (0.232 M) medium in comparison to medium with normal sucrose
concentration showed better survival (ca. 90% as against 40%) in the soil.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Claudia Simões Norma Albarello Cátia Henriques Callado Tatiana Carvalho de Castro Elisabeth Mansur 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,98(1):79-86
Alternative methods for in vitro shoot culture of Cleome rosea, a Brazilian herbaceous species with ornamental value and medicinal potential, were evaluated. A protocol for rapid in vitro
multiplication of roots, a valuable source of medicinal compounds, was also developed. Stem explants were cultured in liquid
media (continuous immersion and paper bridge), while root explants were cultivated in continuous immersion and on solidified
media. The highest numbers of shoots, 20 ± 4.6 shoots/explant, were obtained from stem explants incubated in a continuous
immersion system in a liquid medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA. Root explants cultivated in liquid media produced only hyperhydrous
adventitious shoots. However, these explants generated 5.8 ± 0.8 shoots/explant by indirect organogenesis when cultivated
on solidified medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA. In addition, root multiplication was achieved in liquid medium in the presence
of α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Adventitious shoots developed on newly formed roots when inoculated on solidified medium supplemented
with 2.2 μM BA. Shoot microcuttings developed roots when transferred onto solidified MS medium without growth regulators.
Rooted microcuttings were efficiently acclimatized when transferred ex vitro. 相似文献