牛化脓性隐秘杆菌病PCR诊断方法的建立

近几年犊牛化脓性肺炎发病率逐年升高, 经检测该病原以化脓性隐秘杆菌为主, 研究建立快速检测化脓性隐秘杆菌的PCR诊断方法。根据化脓性隐秘杆菌16S rRNA基因设计并合成一对特异性引物, 对PCR条件进行优化后通过特异性试验和敏感性试验检测其特异性和敏感性。扩增出927 bp目的基因, 最佳引物浓度为0.2 μmol/L、退火温度58°C、Mg2+浓度1.5 mmol/L, 特异性试验结果表明化脓性隐秘杆菌参考菌株能扩增出927 bp目的基因, 而大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、化脓链球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、沙门氏菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌和变形杆菌等的扩增结果均为阴性。敏感性试验结果表明, PCR的最低检出量为42个化脓性隐秘杆菌。建立的牛化脓性隐秘杆菌的PCR诊断方法, 具有较高的特异性和敏感性, 为化脓性隐秘杆菌引起的牛化脓性肺炎的快速诊断及流行病学调查提供了新的手段。     

棒状杆菌中质粒DNA的快速检测方法

在棒状杆菌质粒DNA快速检测中,比较了三种方法:强碱法、快裂法和我们设计的酶法。用强碱法抽提的质粒带很淡,快裂法其次,且不能区别两个分子量相近的质粒;而用酶法则显带清晰,且能很好地区分两个大小相近的质粒,分辨率高,认为在棒状杆菌质粒快速检测中是一种很好的方法。     

16SrRNA荧光定量PCR法检测双歧杆菌

目的应用16SrRNA序列设计引物定量测定双歧杆菌。方法应用青春型双歧杆菌2627号作常规PCR扩增出的模板经系列稀释做荧光定量PCR,制作标准曲线;对青春型、长型、短型、婴儿型、两歧型、链型等6个种共15株双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌等10株其他细菌做荧光定量PCR,计算机通过与标准曲线比较给出定量结果;对青春型双歧杆菌2627号进行敏感性测定。结果15株双歧杆菌(10     

PCR技术在鼠肺支原体检测中应用的初步研究

目的　探讨PCR技术在鼠肺支原体检测中的应用,希望能建立一种可行、快速、敏感的检测方法。方法　使用支原体通用引物及鼠肺支原体特异性引物对14 份大鼠喉气管拭子洗液和拭子支原体培养液进行PCR扩增,2 % 琼脂糖电泳鉴定。另设M53 和ATCC19612 二株标准鼠肺支原体菌株作阳性对照。结果　通用引物对大鼠喉气管拭子洗液检出率8/14 ,拭子支原体培养液检出率14/14,鼠肺支原体特异引物PCR扩增对大鼠喉气管拭子洗液检出率0/14 ,拭子支原体培养液3/14。通用引物扩增M53 和ATCC19612 二株标准株均呈现阳性,而鼠肺支原体特异引物扩增M53 和ATCC19612,只有M53 呈现阳性。结论　PCR通用引物检测比普通分离培养省时省力,而我们采用国外某学者认为对鼠肺支原体有特异性的引物,是否可用于鼠肺支原体的特异性PCR 检查仍需进一步探讨。     

实验动物CAR杆菌16SrRNA基因PCR监测方法的建立

目的建立CAR杆菌的PCR监测方法 ,筛查国内部分实验动物样本中CAR杆菌携带状况。方法利用CAR杆菌的特有16SrRNA基因序列片段267bp设计引物,通过从日本实验动物中央研究所获取的CAR标准株DNA,建立实验动物CAR杆菌16SrRNA基因PCR监测方法。结果利用建立的CAR杆菌16SrRNA基因PCR监测方法对国内455份实验动物样本进行筛查,未检出CAR杆菌感染。结论建立了敏感性好,特异性高的实验动物CAR杆菌PCR监测方法 ,未见动物携带CAR杆菌。     

木糖葡萄球菌实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及其应用

目的 本研究拟建立一种灵敏快速的实时荧光定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR, qPCR)方法,用于检测大、小鼠木糖葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus xylosus,S.xylosus)。方法 本研究选择特异性gehM基因片段作为靶标合成了一套引物,建立了木糖葡萄球菌检测的qPCR方法。对木糖葡萄球菌标准菌株和其他非目标菌进行特异性分析。将木糖葡萄球菌的DNA进行10倍稀释测定其灵敏度。用送检的样本进行了临床应用并测序验证,同时与培养法进行比较。结果 仅木糖葡萄球菌出现特异性扩增曲线,而其他非目标菌未出现,表明设计的引物对木糖葡萄球菌具有特异性,灵敏度为100 fg/μL,组内和组间重复性均小于3%。共检测60份临床样品,有5份样品扩增曲线为典型的S曲线,将该qPCR产物克隆测序并进行同源性比对,该序列与木糖葡萄球菌的同源性为99.63%,表明该样本木糖葡萄球菌核酸阳性,所检测样本阳性率为8.3%,而培养法的阳性率为6.7%,qPCR方法阳性检出率比培养法略高。结论 建立的木糖葡萄球菌qPCR方法,具有快速、灵敏度高、特异性强和重复性好的优点,可用于实...     

应用实时荧光PCR检测致病性蜡样芽孢杆菌

目的:利用SYBRGreenⅠ染料能与双链DNA结合发出荧光的特点,建立一种用来检测致病性蜡样芽孢杆菌(B.cereus)的实时PCR方法。方法:对致病性蜡样芽孢杆菌致病相关基因cereolysinAB基因序列进行分析,设计1对特异引物,通过对SYBRGreenⅠ实时PCR反应条件的优化,实现对致病性蜡样芽孢杆菌的检测。结果:该方法具有较强的灵敏性及特异性,能够对致病性蜡样芽孢杆菌进行有效检测,其最低检出限可达8CFU/mL。结论:利用该技术检测蜡样芽孢杆菌,较常规的生化检测方法具有省时省力的特点,且灵敏性较高,具有实际应用价值。     

胶质类芽胞杆菌PCR快速检测方法

摘要:【目的】胶质类芽胞杆菌(Paenibacillus mucilaginosus) 是微生物肥料广泛应用的功能菌种之一,筛选并鉴定其特异性引物,建立该菌种快速检测方法,对微生物肥料产品检测和评价至关重要。【方法】本文筛选了胶质类芽胞杆菌基因间的一段非编码序列作为特异性引物(orf06701-F:5'-ATGGAGGAAACATGGGGTGA-3'/orf06701-R: 5'-TCAGGAATGAAGGCCCCCTT-3'),通过PCR 反应条件/ 体系的优化、特异性及灵敏度检测,建立了胶质类芽胞杆菌     

通过特异PCR扩增和16SrDNA序列分析检测动弯杆菌

细菌性阴道病(Bacterial Vaginosis,BV)是由于细菌过度生长所致阴道微生态非正常改变,从而导致的一类多微生物病(Polymicrobial Diseases)。动弯杆菌(Mobiluncus sp．)与BV发生有密切关系,但该菌为厌氧菌,营养要求苛刻,很难进行纯培养,国内鲜有研究报道。本文先对BV动物模型恒河猴阴道分泌物进行厌氧菌混合培养,抽提混合物染色体DNA,之后设计了一对动弯杆菌16SrRNA基因的特异性引物,用PCR的方法扩增出了特异片段。通过对扩增产物进行测序分析,确定检测出的为动弯杆菌,并且与羞怯动弯杆菌极为相似。     

Identification of the emerging skin pathogen Corynebacterium amycolatum using PCR-amplification of the essential divIVA gene as a target

The actinomycete Corynebacterium amycolatum is a saprophytic bacterium usually associated with the human skin, but it is at present considered an emergent pathogen as it is isolated from nosocomial settings from samples of immunosuppressed patients. The conventional method to distinguish C. amycolatum from closely related species is mainly based on phenotypic or chemotaxonomic studies. We developed a molecular method to identify rapidly C. amycolatum based on the use of different primers for amplification of the cell division divIVA gene using conventional or real-time PCR. This technique was used for the first time to distinguish C. amycolatum from the closely related Corynebacterium striatum, Corynebacterium minutissimum and Corynebacterium xerosis, without the requirement of further molecular analysis. The suitability of the identification method was tested on 51 clinical isolates belonging to the nonlipophilic fermentative group of corynebacteria (cluster C. striatum/C. amycolatum), which were accurately characterized by sequencing a 0.8 kb fragment of the 16S rRNA gene.     

致病性维罗纳气单胞菌检测方法的建立

发掘维罗纳气单胞菌特异性更强的检测靶点和毒力相关基因靶点,建立能够检测致病性维罗纳气单胞菌的PCR检测方法.通过序列比对分析气单胞菌的16S rRNA基因序列,筛选对维罗纳气单胞菌特异的引物,用于检测种特异性,利用气单胞菌气溶素基因保守引物,检测菌株的致病性,并进行反应条件和反应体系的优化,灵敏度试验和特异性试验.发掘并设计的维罗纳气单胞菌16S rRNA特异性引物结合气单胞菌气溶素基因保守引物建立的检测方法,对12株气单胞菌和10株非气单胞菌的检测结果显示,所有致病性维罗纳气单胞菌都能扩增到大小分别为343 bp和232 bp的特异性条带,而非维罗纳气单胞菌的致病性气单胞菌只能扩增到232 bp的气溶素基因特异性条带,其它菌株都不能扩增到目的条带.灵敏度试验表明,该反应体系的检测灵敏度为1.35×10-3 mg/L.我们建立的致病性维罗纳气单胞菌检测方法能特异地检测致病性维罗纳气单胞菌,并具有高度灵敏性.     

Development of a Genotyping Method for Potato Scab Pathogens Based on Multiplex PCR

Scab disease significantly damages potato and other root crops. Streptomyces scabiei, S. acidiscabiei, and S. turgidiscabiei are the best-known causal agents of this disease. We have developed a novel genotyping method for these potato scab pathogens using multiplex PCR, whose benefits include rapid and easy detection of multiple species. We designed a species-specific primer set (6 primers, 3 pairs) for the 16S rRNA genes and 16S–23S ITS regions of these potato scab pathogens. The specificity of the primer set was confirmed by testing 18 strains containing potato scab pathogens, other Streptomyces species, and strains of other genera. The application of the developed method to potato field soil and potato tissue samples resulted in the clear detection and identification of pathogens. Since this method is applicable to a large number of environmental samples, it is expected to be useful for a high-throughput analysis of soil and plant tissues of scab disease.     

16S rRNA PCR鉴定嗜酸乳杆菌鸡源分离株

用自行设计的嗜酸乳杆菌16S rRNA的特异性引物和建立的PCR方法对初步鉴定为嗜酸乳杆菌的鸡源分离株进行检测。PCR检测结果表明分离株和嗜酸乳杆菌参考株扩增出大小一致的目的片段,从分子水平对鸡源分离菌进行了鉴定。     

Detection of Laribacter hongkongensis using species-specific duplex PCR assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region (ISR)

Aims: For the rapid detection of Laribacter hongkongensis, which is associated with human community‐acquired gastroenteritis and traveller’s diarrhoea, we developed a duplex species‐specific PCR assay. Methods and Results: Full‐length of the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region (ISR) sequences of 52 L. hongkongensis isolates were obtained by PCR‐based sequencing. Two species‐specific primer pairs targeting 16S rRNA gene and ISR were designed for duplex PCR detection of L. hongkongensis. The L. hongkongensis species‐specific duplex PCR assay showed 100% specificity, and the minimum detectable level was 2·1 × 10^?2 ng μl^?1 genomic DNA which corresponds to 5000 CFU ml^?1. Conclusions: The high specificity and sensitivity of the assay make it suitable for rapid detection of L. hongkongensis. Significance and Impact of the Study: This species‐specific duplex PCR method provides a rapid, simple, and reliable alternative to conventional methods to identify L. hongkongensis and may have applications in both clinical and environmental microbiology.     

Development of an internally controlled PCR assay for broad range detection of bacteria in platelet concentrates

A real-time PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene was optimized for the detection of a broad range of bacteria in plasma and platelet concentrates (PC). A lambda phage internal control was constructed and implemented in the assay, which made it suitable for diagnostic use. Spiking studies in plasma and PCs were performed to determine the analytical sensitivity of the assay. Thirty three colony forming units (CFU)/ml of E. coli and 72 CFU/ml of Staphylococcus epidermidis could be detected in plasma, and 97 CFU/ml of S. epidermidis in PCs. The assay detected all bacteria relevant for bacterial contamination of PCs. The short turn around time of the assay made it suitable for testing PCs for bacterial contamination prior to transfusion.     

用细菌16S rRNA荧光定量PCR法检测肠道菌群的变化

目的应用细菌的16SrRNA序列设计双歧杆菌、大肠埃希菌及乳酸杆菌的引物并对肠道的3种细菌进行定量测定。方法收集轮状病毒肠炎患儿及正常对照组的粪便标本提取DNA。取准确定量的3种细菌经系列稀释后抽提细菌的DNA做荧光定量PCR,制作出标准曲线。待测样品同时进行PCR反应并和标准曲线进行比较,获得各样品中3种细菌的量。结果患儿肠道中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量较正常儿童明显减低,而大肠埃希菌的数量差异无显著性。与其他文献报道的用细菌培养的方法所得结果一致。结论荧光定量PCR是一种特异性高、敏感性强的定量方法。可正确定量肠道中的细菌数量。     

极端嗜盐菌 16S rDNA的PCR扩增

四株嗜盐菌Haloarcula vallismortis(EM201)、Haloferax denitrificans(EM303)、A_5和B_2已通过一对特定引物用PCR技术从总DNA中扩增出各自的16SrDNA片段,分子大小在1.47kd左右.DNA杂交也表明这些PCR产物具有嗜盐菌的同源性.