鸡冠花叶蛋白质营养价值的评价研究

应用模糊识别法和氨基酸比值系数法,分别以鸡蛋蛋白南为标准蛋白,以ＷＨＯ／ＦＡＯ氨基酸参考模式为评价标准,对３种鸡冠花叶蛋白质营养价值进行了全面评价,并与１０种常见叶菜蛋白进行对照比较。结果表明,３种鸡冠花叶（干品）蛋白质含量为２３．７％￣２７．４％,蛋白质中氨基酸种类齐全,其含量为８３．４７％￣８６．９４％,必需氨基酸（ＥＡＡ）占总氨基酸量的４０．２％￣４１．７％,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸（Ｍ     

黄粉虫蛹的营养成分分析

采用现代分析技术手段对黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor（L．）蛹的营养成分进行分析,结果表明：其蛋白质、粗脂肪、碳水化合物及灰分含量分别为鲜重的16．8％、7．6％、1．2％、1．4％,其氨基酸和胆固醇含量分别为18.7mg／g和0．4mg／g;含有7种人体必需氨基酸,其必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的44．40％,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为79.8％,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,即蛋氨酸和胱氨酸;同时,其不饱和脂肪酸与必需脂肪酸分别占总脂肪的73．9％和24．1％,特别是油酸和亚油酸含量较高,分别达49．8％和23．4％：另外,该昆虫还含有K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn等多种矿物质和微量元素。     

尖叶拟船叶藓营养元素生殖配置格局

为了揭示尖叶拟船叶藓营养元素生殖配置规律,本文对其12种营养元素的生殖配置格局和季节动态进行了研究。其结果如下：成熟孢子体的生物量配置为6．67％;在成熟孢子体中12种营养元素的含量顺序是：C（452mg／g）〉N（35mg／g）〉K（8439．9μg／g）〉Ca（7012．9μg／g）〉P（2129．2μg／g）〉Mg（1482．9μg／g）〉Na（432．9μg／g）〉Mn（196．3μg／g）〉Fe（177．7μg／g）〉Al（174．8μg／g）〉Zn（68．1μg／g）〉Cu（19．4μg/g）;成熟孢子体中营养元素生殖配置顺序是：K（17．7％）〉P（15．1％）〉Cu（13．3％）〉N（11．6％）〉Na（10．5％）〉Mn（7．8％）〉Zn（7．5％）〉C（6．9％）〉Mg（6．8％）〉Ca（5．4％）〉Fe（1．3％）〉Al（1．2％）。     

丁(鱼岁)的含肉率及其营养价值的分析

报道了丁Gui的含肉率及鱼肉生化成分,并对其营养价值做了综合评价。丁Gui含肉率达73.59％,鱼肉蛋白质含量为19．73％,脂肪含量为1．29％。17种氨基酸总含量为18．13％,其中7种必需氨基酸总量为7．04％。丁Gui肌肉所含人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的百分比高于WHO／FAO提出的标准。必需氨基酸指数为74．38。     

万安玻璃红鲤的肌肉营养成分分析

对万安玻璃红鲤的肌肉营养成分分析结果（鲜重百分比）为：蛋白质含量占19．07％,水分78．75％,灰分1．09％。肌肉中含有18种氨基酸,总量为774．59mg／g,其中,有8种人体必需的氨基酸,总量为320．72mg／g;含量较高的有赖氨酸、谷氨酸、门冬氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸,此外,尚含有适量的钾、钠、钙、镁和微量的铜、锌、铁等营养元素。这些表明万安玻璃红鲤是一营养价值较高的优良鱼类品种。     

虎奶菇深层发酵及氨基酸成份分析

本文采用不同发酵培养基培养３虎奶菇,结果表明,以玉米组成的培养基培养的虎奶甘、菌丝长势相对较好,总干重为０．８６３／１００ｍｌ培养液,且通过氨基酸分析,总氨基酸含量为１１．６８０２％,氨基酸总产量为０．１ｇ／１００ｍｌ培养液,必须氨基酸含量为７．１１６９％,占总氨基酸的６０．９３％,且检出的氨基酸中,以亮氨酸和异亮氨酸含量相对较高。麦芽糖组成的培养基培养的虎奶菇菌丝体总干重为０．６３８ｇ／１００ｍ     

灵芝孢子粉氨基酸、脂肪酸及元素组成的研究

从灵芝Ganoderma lucidum 孢子粉中检出18种常见氨基酸,总量为7．29～7．71mg／100mg 其中甲硫氨酸含量高达3.30～3.48mg／100mg,人体必需氨基酸含量占总量的694～70.4％。灵芝孢子粉含有棕榈酸(19.8％)、油酸(55.2％)、亚油酸(16.5％)以及少量的肉豆蔻酸、硬脂酸、廿碳烯酸及廿二碳四烯酸等。对56种元素进行定量或半定量分析,结果表明灵芝孢子粉碳氮比C/N=17.57：1,含有磷1.28％、硫0.87％、硅0.92％、钾1.64mg／g钠28μg／g、钙0.713mg/g、镁0.346mg／g、铁0.64mg／g、锌420μg／g、 铜127μg／g、锰11μg/g锶609μg／g等二十多种人体必需或有益的常量元素及微量元素。     

猴头菌固体发酵降解玉米淀粉的初步研究

猴头菌在玉米粉培养基上进行固体发酵时能够产生活性较强的α－淀粉酶降解玉米淀粉。添加5％～15％黄豆粉和发酵时间从15d延长到25d能显著提高淀粉酶活力和淀粉降解率。在添加15％黄豆粉,加水40％,25℃发酵25d的玉米粉发酵产物中,淀粉降解率达到65．20％;蛋白质含量达到16．83％;蛋白质中赖氨酸含量由35．96mg／g提高到56．12mg／g,色氨酸含量由9．05mg／g提高到13．25mg／g,从而明显提高了玉米粉的营养价值。     

苦豆子游离氨基酸的成份测定

本文分析和鉴定了苦豆子中游离氨基酸的成份,测定出１６种游离氨基酸,总量为１６４．５２μｇ／１００ｍｇ,其中谷氨酸含量最高为４７．６８μｇ／１００ｍｇ,蛋氨酸含量最低为０．２０μｇ／１００ｍｇ,人体必须氨基酸有７种,占游离氨基酸总量的１７．３３％。     

黄土区不同类型土壤可溶性有机氮的含量及特性

测定了黄土高原地区不同生态系统土壤中可溶性有机氮（SON）和游离氨基酸的含量,并分析了其与土壤其他性质之间的关系。结果表明,黑垆土、红油土和淋溶褐土中SON的平均含量分别为24．75、39．10mg／kg和41．80mg／kg,占可溶性总氮（TSN）的51．25％、68．28％和68．57％,分别为土壤全氮的2．54％、3．75％和4．00％;土壤游离氨基酸的含量分别为7．18、7．42mg／kg和7．41mg／kg,分别占SON的30．53％、19．23％和17．50％,占全氮的0．74％、0．71％和0．71％．方差分析结果表明,土壤类型对土壤SON含量及其在TSN和全氮中所占的比例、游离氨基酸在SON中所占的比例有显著影响,而对游离氨基酸的含量及其占土壤全氮比例的影响未达显著水平。枯枝落叶层中SON含量（248．26mg／kg）为农田土壤（24．75mg／kg）的10倍左右,且林地土壤0～20cm土层SON含量（31．03mg／kg）显著的高于当地农田,两种生态系统0～20cm土层土壤中游离氨基酸含量（7．18～7．32mg／kg）相当,但均极显著低于枯枝落叶层中游离氨基酸平均含量（18．57mg／kg）。相关分析结果表明,TSN、SON以及游离氨基酸与全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有机质等各养分之间均有极显著的相关性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.