Marinospirillum alkaliphilum sp. nov., a new alkaliphilic helical bacterium from Haoji soda lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China

A new helical, alkaliphilic, gram-negative, chemoorganotrophic bacterium designated strain Z4T was isolated from Haoji soda lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The isolate grows at salinities between 0.2% and 5.0% (w/v) NaCl and pH range 7.0-11.0, with an optimum at 2.0% (w/v) NaCl and pH 9.5. Its growth temperature ranges from 8 degrees to 49 degrees C with an optimum at 37 degrees C. The G+C content of the DNA is 46.8 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone is ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA sequence comparison indicates that strain Z4T is a member of the genus Marinospirillum. Phenotypic features and DNA-DNA homology of less than 20% with the described species of Marinospirillum support the view that strain Z4T represents a new species of the genus Marinospirillum. Strain Z4T (= AS 1.2746) is proposed as the type strain of a new species, named Marinospirillum alkaliphilum sp. nov.     

Gluconobacter sphaericus (Ameyama 1975) comb. nov., a brown pigment-producing acetic acid bacterium in the Alphaproteobacteria

Strain NBRC 12467(T )was examined genetically, phylogenetically, phenotypically, and chemotaxonomically. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 59.5 mol%. The strain represented low levels of DNA-DNA hybridization of 49-9% to the type strains of eight Gluconobacter species. The strain formed a cluster along with the type strains of G. albidus and G. kondonii in phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. In a phylogenetic tree based on 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS sequences, however, the strain formed an independent cluster from the type strains of the eight Gluconobacter species. Such phylogenetic relationships were supported by the calculated pair-wise 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS sequence similarities. The strain was distinguished from the type strains of the eight Gluconobacter species by 16S-23S rRNA gene ITS restriction analysis using five restriction endonucleases. The strain produced a water-soluble brown pigment and 2,5-diketo-D-gluconate from D-glucose, differing from the type strains of the eight Gluconobacter species, and acid from meso-erythritol very weakly, differing from the type strains of the remaining seven Gluconobacter species except for the type strain of G. roseus, but not from maltose, differing from the type strain of G. oxydans, and had Q-10. For the strain, which was once classified as G. oxydans subsp. sphaericus, Gluconobacter sphaericus (Ameyama 1975) comb. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBRC 12467(T), which is also deposited as BCC 14448(T).     

Flavobacterium cheonhonense sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater reservoir

A novel bacterium, designated strain ARSA-15(T), was isolated from a freshwater sample collected from the Cheonho reservoir, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. The isolate was deep-yellow pigment, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate belongs to the genus Flavobacterium, and shared less than 97% sequence similarity with recognized Flavobacterium species. The novel species was able to grow at 10-37°C, pH 6.5-10.0, and in 0-0.5% (w/v) NaCl concentrations. Chemotaxonomically, iso-C(15:1), iso-C(15:0), and iso-C(16:0) were observed to be the predominant cellular fatty acid, and menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipid patterns of strain ARSA-19(T) was phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminolipid (AL1 and AL2), and unidentified polar lipids (L1, L2, and L3). The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolate was 39.2 mol%. On the basis of polyphasic approach, strain ARSA-15(T) represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium cheonhonense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ARSA-15(T) (=KACC 14967(T) =KCTC 23180(T) =JCM 17064(T)).     

Identification of lactic acid bacteria from fermented tea leaves (miang) in Thailand and proposals of Lactobacillus thailandensis sp. nov., Lactobacillus camelliae sp. nov., and Pediococcus siamensis sp. nov

Eighteen rod-shaped homofermentatives, six heterofermentatives, and a coccal homofermentative lactic acid bacteria were isolated from fermented tea leaves (miang) produced in the northern part of Thailand. The isolates were placed in a monophyletic cluster consisting of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species. They were divided into seven groups by phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, DNA-DNA similarity, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Groups I to VI belonged to Lactobacillus and Group VII to Pediococcus. All of the strains tested produced DL-lactic acid but those in Group IV produced L-lactic acid. The strains tested in Groups I, II and V had meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall. Six strains in Group I were identified as Lactobacillus pantheris; five strains in Group II as Lactobacillus pentosus; and four strains in Group V as Lactobacillus suebicus. Two strains in Group VI showed high DNA-DNA similarity for each other and MCH4-2 was closest to Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 562(T) with 99.5% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Five strains in Group III are proposed as Lactobacillus thailandensis sp. nov., and MCH5-2(T) (BCC 21235(T)=JCM 13996(T)=NRIC 0671(T)=PCU 272(T)) is the type strain which has 49 mol% G+C of DNA. Two strains in Group IV are proposed as Lactobacillus camelliae sp. nov., and the type strain is MCH3-1(T) (BCC 21233(T)=JCM 13995(T)=NRIC 0672(T)=PCU 273(T)) which has 51.9 mol% G+C of DNA. One strain in Group VII is proposed as Pediococcus siamensis sp. nov., and MCH3-2(T) (BCC 21234(T)=JCM 13997(T)=NRIC 0675(T)=PCU 274(T)) is the type strain which has 42 mol% G+C of DNA.     

Halomonas aidingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Aiding salt lake in Xinjiang, China

Two Gram-negative moderately halophilic bacterial strains, designated Ad-1(T) and C-12, were isolated from Aiding salt lake of Xinjiang in China. The novel isolates were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Cells of these strains were cocci or short rods and motile with polar flagella. Colonies produced brown-red pigment. The isolates grew in the range of 0.5-25% (w/v) NaCl, pH 5.5-10.5 and 4-45°C. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains Ad-1(T) and C-12 belonged to the genus Halomonas showing 92.7-98.4% similarity with the type species. The isoprenoid quinones of the isolates were Q-9 and Q-8. The major cellular fatty acids were C18:1ω7c, C16:1ω7c/6c, C16:0, C12:0-3OH and C10:0. The DNA G + C contents of strains Ad-1(T) and C-12 were 64.6 and 63.9 mol%, respectively. The DNA relatedness between the two isolates was 89.2%. The similarities of these newly isolated strains with closely related type strains were lower than 35% at the genetic level. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characteristics, the representative strain Ad-1(T) is considered to be a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas aidingensis sp. nov. is proposed, with Ad-1(T) (= CGMCC 1.10191(T) = NBRC 106173(T)) as the type strain.     

Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from salt-lake sediment in the Qaidam Basin, north-west China

A motile, Gram-positive, slightly halophilic, endospore-forming, catalase- and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic, slender rod-shaped bacterium, strain YIM-C229T was isolated from the sediment of a salt lake in the Qaidam Basin, north-west China. Filamentous forms were present throughout the growth cycle. Strain YIM-C229T grew in the presence of 0.5-8% NaCl and at pH 6.0-8.5, with optimum growth at 1-3% NaCl and pH 7.0-7.5. It grew at 4-45 degrees C, with optimum growth at 37 degrees C. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, iso-C15:0, C16:1 omega11c and anteiso-C(17:0). The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7, and diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol were the polar lipids, with meso-diaminopimelic acid occurring in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM-C229T was closely related to the type strains of the four recognized species of the genus Gracilibacillus: G. halotolerans NN T (sequence similarity 95.5%), G. dipsosauri DD1T (96.1%), G. orientalis XH-63T (96.8%) and G. boraciitolerans T-16X(T) (99.1%). The DNA-DNA relatedness between strain YIM-C229(T) and G. boraciitolerans DSM 17256(T) was 30.8%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic differences and DNA-DNA hybridization data supported the view that this strain represented a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus, for which the name Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov. is proposed, with YIM-C229T (=DSM 17858T=CGMCC 1.6304T) as the type strain.     

Thermaerobacter nagasakiensis sp. nov., a novel aerobic and extremely thermophilic marine bacterium

A novel, extremely thermophilic bacterium was isolated from a shallow marine hydrothermal vent at depth of 22 m in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Cells were gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile rods. Growth was observed between 52 and 78 degrees C (optimum 70 degrees C), pH 5 and 8 (optimum pH 7) and 0-4.5% NaCl (optimum 1.0%). The isolate was a strictly aerobic heterotroph utilizing yeast extract and trypticase peptone. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 69 mol%. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences indicated that strain Ts1a is closely related to Thermaerobacter marianensis. The differences in physiology and DNA-DNA similarity between strain Ts1a and T. marianensis showed that strain Ts1a represents a new species of Thermaerobacter. The type strain of T. nagasakiensis is strain Ts1a (=JCM11223, DSM 14512).     

Paenibacillus donghaensis sp. nov., a xylan-degrading and nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from East Sea sediment

A Gram-positive and endospore-forming strain, JH8T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment and identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic analyses. According to a phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related species was Paenibacillus wynnii LMG 22176T (96.9%). Strain JH8T was also facultatively anaerobic and grew optimally at 20-25degreesC. The major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15:0, and the DNA G+C content was 53.1 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness between the isolate and Paenibacillus wynnii LMG 22176T was 7.6%, indicating that strain JH8T and P. wynnii belong to different species. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain JH8T would appear to belong to a novel species, for which the name Paenibacillus donghaensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain =KCTC 13049T=LMG 23780T).     

Pseudomonas japonica sp. nov., a novel species that assimilates straight chain alkylphenols

A bacterial strain, WL(T), which was isolated from an activated sludge, was able to degrade alkylphenols. 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that strain WL(T) belonged to the genus Pseudomonas (sensu stricto) and formed a monophyletic clade with the type strain of Pseudomonas graminis and other members in the Pseudomonas putida subcluster with sequence similarity values higher than 97%. Genomic relatedness based on DNA-DNA hybridization of strain WL(T) to these strains is 2-41%. Strain WL(T) contained ubiquinone-9 as the main respiratory quinone, and the G+C content of DNA was 66 mol%. The organism contained hexadecanoic acid (16:0), hexadecenoic acid (16:1) and octadecenoic acid (18:1) as major cellular fatty acids. The hydroxy fatty acids detected were 3-hydroxydecanoic acid (3-OH 10:0), 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid (3-OH 12:0) and 2-hydroxydodecanoic acid (2-OH 12:0). These results, as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics clearly indicate that the strain WL(T) represents a new Pseudomonas species, for which the name Pseudomonas japonica is proposed. The type strain is strain WL(T) (=IAM 15071T=TISTR 1526T).     

Psychrobacter nivimaris sp. nov., a heterotrophic bacterium attached to organic particles isolated from the South Atlantic (Antarctica)

An aggregate-attached bacterium, strain 88/2-7, was isolated from samples of the Southern Ocean and investigated in a polyphasic approach. The novel marine isolate is an aerobic, Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile short rod and grows in form of cream-colored colonies. Growth was observed at 5-35 degrees C. The bacterium tolerated concentrations of 0-13% (w/v) NaCl and utilized a relatively restricted spectrum of carbon sources. The analysis of the fatty acids revealed 18:1 cis 9 (18:1omega9c) as main fatty acid. The G+C content of the DNA was approximately 42 mol%. The sequence of the 16S rDNA assigned strain 88/2-7 to the gamma-subclass of Proteobacteria with a similarity of 99.65% to Psychrobacter proteolyticus (DSM 13887T). A DNA-DNA-hybridization study showed only 26.8% renaturation to the respective strain. Based on the morphological, physiological and molecular properties of the new isolate, the name Psychrobacter nivimaris sp. nov. (type strain 88/2-7T) is proposed.     

Phenylobacterium zucineum sp. nov., a facultative intracellular bacterium isolated from a human erythroleukemia cell line K562

A bacterial strain HLK1(T) was isolated from the human erythroleukemia cell line K562. This bacterium is a Gram-negative rod, motile with a polar flagellum. It is strictly aerobic, nonfermentative, and oxidase and catalase positive. Its optimal growth occurs at 37 degrees C at pH between 6.5 and 7.5. Phylogenetically, although it shares 98% similarity with the 16S rRNA of Phenylobacterium lituiforme, the DNA-DNA hybridization value between the two species is only 43%. HLK1(T) has a DNA G+C content of 71.2+/-0.2 mol%. It is a facultative intracellular organism and may have pathogenic relevance with humans and mammals. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization, strain HLK1(T) is proposed to be classified in the genus Phenylobacterium, as P. zucineum sp. nov. The type strain is HLK1(T) (=CGMCC 1.3786(T), DSM=18354).     

Ferrovibrio denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel neutrophilic facultative anaerobic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium

A neutrophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium was isolated from the redox zone of a low-salinity spring in Krasnodar krai (Russia), at the FeS-Fe(OH)(3) interface deposited at the sediment surface. The cells of strain Sp-1 were short, thin motile vibrioids with one polar flagellum dividing by binary fission. The optimal values and ranges for pH and temperature were pH 6.2 (5.5-8) and 35?°C (5-45?°C), respectively. The organism was a facultative anaerobe. Strain Sp-1 was capable of organotrophic, lithoheterotrophic and mixotrophic growth with Fe(II) as an electron donor. The denitrification chain was 'disrupted'. Oxidation of Fe(II) was coupled to reduction of NO3 - to NO2 - or of N(2) O to N(2) , as well as under microaerobic conditions, with O(2) as an electron acceptor. The DNA G+C content was 64.2?mol%. According to the results of phylogenetic analysis, the strain was 10.6-12% remote from the closest relatives, members of the genera Sneathiella, Inquilinus, Oceanibaculum and Phaeospirillum within the Alphaproteobacteria. Based on its morphological, physiological and taxonomic characteristics, together with the results of phylogenetic analysis, strain Sp-1 is described as a member of a new genus Ferrovibrio gen. nov., with the type species Ferrovibrio denitrificans sp. nov. and the type strain Sp-1(T) (=?LMG 25817(T) =?VKM B-2673(T) ).     

Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacteriun isolated from soda meadow saline soil in Daqing, China

A moderately halophilic bacterial strain 15-13(T), which was isolated from soda meadow saline soil in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, China, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The cells of strain 15-13 were found to be Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and motile. The required growth conditions for strain 15-13(T) were: 1-23% NaCl (optimum, 7%), 10-50°C (optimum, 35°C), and pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 9.5). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C(18:1) ω7c (60.48%) and C(16:0) (13.96%). The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain 15-13(T) clustered within a branch comprising species of the genus Halomonas. The closest phylogenetic neighbor of strain 15-13(T) was Halomonas pantelleriensis DSM 9661(T) (98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between the novel isolated strain and H pantelleriensis DSM 9661(T) was 33.8%. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 15-13(T) represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas alkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain for this novel species is 15-13(T) (=CGMCC 1.9129(T) =NBRC 106539(T)).     

Geobacillus thermodenitrificans subsp. calidus, subsp. nov., a thermophilic and α-glucosidase producing bacterium isolated from Kizilcahamam, Turkey

An α-glucosidase producing, thermophilic, facultatively anaerobic, and endospore-forming, motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain F84b(T) was isolated from a high temperature well-pipeline sediment sample in Kizilcahamam, Turkey. The growth occurred at temperatures, pH and salinities ranging from 45 to 69oC (optimum 60oC), 7.0 to 8.5 (optimum 8.0) and 0 to 5% (w/v) (optimum 3.5%), respectively. Strain F84b(T) was able to grow on a wide range of carbon sources. Starch and tyrosine utilization, amylase, catalase and oxidase activities, nitrate reduction, and gas production from nitrate were all positive. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 49.6 mol%. The menaquinone content was MK-7. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C17:0, iso-C15:0, and C16:0. In phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain F84b(T) showed high sequence similarity to Geobacillus thermodenitrificans (99.8%) and to Geobacillus subterraneus (99.3%) with DNA hybridization values of 74.3% and 29.1%, respectively. In addition, the Rep-PCR and the intergenic 16S-23S rRNA gene fingerprinting profiles differentiated strain F84b(T) from the Geobacillus species studied. The results obtained from the physiological and biochemical characters, the menaquinone contents, the borderline DNA-DNA hybridization homology, and the genomic fingerprinting patterns had allowed phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic differentiation of strain F84b(T) from G. thermodenitrificans. Therefore, strain F84b(T) is assigned to be a new subspecies of G. thermodenitrificans, for which the name Geobacillus thermodenitrificans subsp. calidus, subsp. nov. is proposed (The type strain F84b(T) = DSM 22629(T) = NCIMB 14582(T)).     

Rhizobium phenanthrenilyticum sp. nov., a novel phenanthrene-degrading bacterium isolated from a petroleum residue treatment system

Strain F11(T), a phenanthrene-degrading bacterium, was isolated from a petroleum residue treatment system, and classified under the genus Rhizobium based on the similarity analysis of its 16S rRNA and recA gene sequences. Strain F11(T) falls into the same phylogenetic clade with Rhizobium oryzae Alt 505(T) (96.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Rhizobium pseudoryzae J34A-127(T) (96.2%). Major cellular fatty acids of strain F11(T) are C(16:0) (6.24%) and summed feature 8 (C(18:1ω7c) and/or C(18:1ω6c), 76.59%), which are also the major fatty acids of R. oryzae Alt 505(T) and R. pseudoryzae J34A-127(T). The DNA G+C content of strain F11(T) was 59.3±0.4 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic analysis as well as biochemical and physiological characteristics, strain F11(T) could be separated from all recognized Rhizobium species. Strain F11(T) (=DSM 21882(T) =CCTCC AB 209029(T)) was considered to be representative of a novel species of Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium phenanthrenilyticum sp. nov. is proposed.     

Description of a Novel Actinobacterium Microbacterium assamensis sp. nov., Isolated from Water Sample Collected from the River Brahmaputra, Assam, India

A Gram-positive, yellow pigmented actinobacterium, strain S2-48(T) was isolated from water sample collected from the river Brahmaputra, Assam, India and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Most of the physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (C(15:0) Anteiso, iso C(16:0) and C(17:0) Anteiso), estimated DNA G+C content (70.2 mol%) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S2-48(T) belonged to the genus Microbacterium. Strain S2-48(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Microbacterium testaceum (97.0%); however, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain S2-48(T) and M. testaceum was 9.1%. On the basis of differential phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness, strain S2-48(T) should be classified within the genus Microbacterium as a novel species, for which the name Microbacterium assamensis is proposed. The type strain is S2-48(T) (=MTCC 10486(T) = DSM 23998(T)).     

Deinococcus mumbaiensis sp. nov., a radiation-resistant pleomorphic bacterium isolated from Mumbai, India

A radiation-resistant, Gram-negative and pleomorphic bacterium (CON-1) was isolated from a contaminated tryptone glucose yeast extract agar plate in the laboratory. It was red pigmented, nonmotile, nonsporulating, and aerobic, and contained MK-8 as respiratory quinone. The cell wall of this bacterium contained ornithine. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1, C17:0, C18:1 and iso C18:0. The DNA of CON-1 had a G+C content of 70 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that CON-1 exhibited a maximum similarity (94.72%) with Deinococcus grandis. Based on the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the bacterium CON-1 was identified as a new species of the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcus mumbaiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of D. mumbaiensis is CON-1 (MTCC 7297(T)=DSM 17424(T)).     

Clostridium tunisiense sp. nov., a new proteolytic, sulfur-reducing bacterium isolated from an olive mill wastewater contaminated by phosphogypse

A new sporulated fermentative bacterium designated strain E1(T) (T=type strain), was isolated from an anaerobic mud of an olive mill wastewater basin contaminated by phosphogypse produced by a Tunisian factory. Strain E1(T) was a motile Gram-positive slightly curved rod with spherical terminal spore swelling the cell. It grew between 18 degrees C and 43 degrees C with an optimum at 37 degrees C and pH 7.8 (range 5.5-8.7), without NaCl (range 0-3%). Strain E1(T) was a chemoorganotrophic anaerobic bacterium fermenting only proteins and amino acids. Yeast extract was required for growth. Elemental sulfur was used as terminal electron acceptor. The G+C content of the DNA was 32.6 mol%. The closest phylogenetical relatives of strain E1(T) were Clostridium thiosulfatireducens and C. subterminale (97.3% similarity for partial rRNA gene sequences). DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain E1(T) and both species were 17% and 20.8%, respectively. On the basis of differences in genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, strain E1(T) (DSM 15206(T), CIP 107666(T)) is proposed as the type strain of a new species, C. tunisiense sp. nov. GenBank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain E1(T) is AY187622.     

Thalassospira permensis sp. nov., a new terrestrial halotolerant bacterium isolated from a naphthalene-utilizing microbial consortium

A halotolerant bacterium, strain SMB34T, was isolated from a naphthalene-utilizing bacterial consortium obtained from primitive technogeneous soil (Vrkhnekamsk salt deposit, Perm region, Russia) by enrichment procedure. The strain itself was unable to degrade naphthalene and grew at NaCl concentrations up to 11% (w/v). The 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain belongs to the genus Thalassospira. The DNA-DNA hybridization values between SMB34T and the type strains of phylogenetically closest species (T. xiamenensis, T. profundimaris and T. tepidiphila) did not exceed 50%. The novel strain could be distinguished from the above species by the cell motility, MALDI/TOF mass spectra of whole cells and a range of physiological and biochemical characteristics. SMB34T also considerably differs from the recently described species T. xianhensis, with the most striking differences in the DNA G + C content (53.7 +/- 1.0 vs. 61.2 +/- 1.0 mol.%) and predominant ubiquinones (Q-10 vs. Q-9). The data obtained suggest strain SMB34T (=VKM B-2527T = NBRC 106175T), designated as the type strain, represents a novel species, named Thalassospira permensis sp. nov.     

Description of a novel indole-oxidizing bacterium Pseudomonas indoloxydans sp. nov., isolated from a pesticide-contaminated site

A Gram-negative, deep brown-pigmented Gammaproteobacteria, strain IPL-1(T), capable of oxidizing indole was isolated from a lindane-contaminated site and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Most of the physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (C(18:1)omega7c, C(16:1)omega7c/iso C(15:0) 2OH and C(16:0)), estimated DNA G+C content (67.2mol%) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain IPL-1(T) belonged to the genus Pseudomonas. Strain IPL-1(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (99.0%), followed by Pseudomonas alcaliphila (98.7%), Pseudomonas oleovorans (98.3%), Pseudomonas nitroreducens (98.0%), Pseudomonas mendocina (97.6%) and Pseudomonas stutzeri (97.4%). However, the DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain IPL-1(T) and the closely related taxa were between 22% and 61%. On the basis of differential phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness, strain IPL-1(T) should be classified within the genus Pseudomonas as a novel species, for which the name Pseudomonas indoloxydans is proposed. The type strain is IPL-1(T) (=MTCC 8062(T)=JCM 14246(T)).