香附子块茎试管苗繁殖

以香附子块茎为材料,用组织培养的方法,进行试管苗繁殖研究。结果表明,1/3MS+炉灰渣培养基是块茎生长芽培养的适宜培养基;1/2MS+ZT 0.6 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L是生长芽分化和继代分化繁殖培养的适宜培养基;1/2MS+ABT 2号6 mg/L+IAA 0.4 mg/L是生根和试管苗微型块茎培养的适宜培养基。培养30 d试管苗移栽成活率96%;培养60 d试管苗移栽成活率89.7%;种植的块茎发芽率99.8%;试管苗和微型块茎定植的成活率在99%以上;定植试管苗保持了香附子的植物学特征。     

濒危植物盐桦离体组织培养特性的研究

目的:探讨新疆濒危植物盐桦离体组织培养的特性。方法:从盐桦原生地阿尔泰阿拉哈克盐湖边采摘盐桦休眠实生苗上的落叶枝条,待其萌发后分别取带芽嫩茎、嫩茎茎段及嫩叶芽尖三种不同材料接种于启动培养基,比较三种盐桦离体组织的诱导分化,继而设计不同激素、不同水平的单因子试验和正交试验,筛选适宜盐桦外植体芽增殖和生根的分化培养基。结果:诱导盐桦芽增殖的最佳外植体是带芽嫩茎,盐桦外植体增殖、壮苗最适培养基为:MS 6-BA 1.0mg/L IBA 0.5mg/L;盐桦外植体生根最适培养基为:1/2MS IBA 0.5mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 琼脂7% 暗光处理3d。结论:本研究筛选获得适宜盐桦芽增殖和生根的最佳培养条件,为高效扩繁和保存盐桦种质资源奠定了基础。     

斑花杓兰试管苗根茎繁殖

为保护斑花杓兰Cypripedium guttatumu种质、实现栽培,以其根茎为材料,采用组织培养方法,进行试管苗培养、根茎继代繁殖培养、试管苗扦插和定植研究。结果表明：1/2MS＋蔗糖16 g/L＋ABT 2号10 mg/L＋IAA 0.4 mg/L是根茎试管苗培养的理想培养基,且这种以炉灰渣为支持物的培养基也是试管苗根茎继代繁殖培养的理想培养基;在温室苗床上试管苗根茎段扦插成活率为96.5%,繁殖速度比移栽提高2.2倍;根茎扦插试管苗定植的成活率为96.8%。定植成活的根茎试管苗保持了野生斑花杓兰的所有植物学性状。     

甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根技术研究

为了简化甘蔗组织培养流程,降低生产成本,该文以甘蔗品种GT44和B9无根试管苗为材料,先经叶片喷施植物生长调节剂处理,然后炼苗24 h,接着把处理后的试验苗移植于沙土混合栽培基质中,研究其在日光温室条件下完成不定根的形成和生长过程; 同时比较了无根试管苗和有根试管苗的移栽存活率和生长情况。试管苗生根率调查时间为试管苗移植后第3天开始至第10天结束,成活率的调查时间为试管苗移植后的第30天。结果表明:经吲哚丁酸(IBA)和ABT2号生根粉处理的无根试管苗的移栽成活率分别为96.3%和97.7%,接近传统生根试管苗的移栽成活率,且其单株试管苗生根成本为传统生根方法的1/28。甘蔗品种GT44和B9试管苗首次出现可见根的时间均发生在试管苗移栽后的第4天。试管苗根的再生可以在有菌的沙土基质栽培和日光温室条件下完成,而不需要在无菌的MS生根培养基和培养室中进行生根; 基因型和试管苗素质是影响甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根的关键因素; 甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根技术比传统试管苗培养基生根技术拥有更多优势,且操作简单、程序简化、生根率和成活率高、省工、节省能源和生产成本、效率高,替代传统的试管苗生根技术,应用于商业化生产。     

鸡蛋参的组织培养和移栽(简报)

通过筛选最适鸡蛋参初代培养基和生根培养基,研究影响试管苗移栽的条件,建立了鸡蛋参无菌培养体系。结果表明,鸡蛋参的初代培养基为：1/2MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/ L + IBA 0.2 mg/ L;生根培养基为：1 /2MS + IBA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 1 mg/L + 活性碳10 mg/L;移栽混合基质为：粗纤维草碳土90%+蛭石10%,成活率为85%。     

葶苈愈伤组织诱导及分化研究

为保护野生资源、实现人工栽培,本研究以葶苈(Draba nemorosa)嫩茎为材料,采用组织培养方法进行愈伤组织诱导与分化、不定芽生根与试管苗生根继代增殖培养,以及移栽和定植研究。结果表明,MS+6-BA 0.4 mg/L+2,4-D 2.5 mg/L是愈伤组织诱导培养和继代增殖培养的理想培养基;MS+6-BA 0.6 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L 是愈伤组织分化培养和不定芽继代增殖培养的理想培养基;1/3MS+IAA 0.6 mg/L是不定芽生根培养和生根继代增殖培养的理想培养基;试管苗移栽成活率为86.8%,定植成活率为96.4%;定植苗保持了野生葶苈的植物学性状。     

PP333对怀地黄试管苗生长和一些生理指标的影响

针对怀地黄试管苗细弱和移栽成活率较低的问题,本文研究了PP333对其生长发育和一些生理指标的影响.以怀地黄[Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.f. hueichingensis(Chao et Sbhih)Hsiao]品种"9302"的无菌试管苗为材料,MS为基本培养基并附加不同浓度的PP333(0、0.01、0.05、0.1、2.0 mg·L-1),蔗糖浓度3%,琼脂浓度0.6%,pH5.8～6.2,培养容器为2.5 cm×20 cm的大试管,每个试管装20 mL培养基,加盖封口膜,在1.1kg·cm-2的压力下灭菌20 min.     

大白菜雄性不育系的组织培养和快速繁殖技术研究

以大白菜雄性不育系Bm5-3为材料,研究其组培快繁技术的结果表明:腋芽以组培快繁技术保存、扩繁大白菜雄性不育系是可行的。适合其腋芽增殖的培养基是MS+2mg·L-16-BA+0.1mg·L-1NAA,增殖系数为4.58,一般通过4￣5次继代即可脱分化;适合其生根的培养基是B5+0.1mg·L-1IBA,平均每株生根数为8.5条,平均根长8.18cm,这一培养基上生长的根较粗壮。具有4~5片叶子且根系发达的试管苗,移栽成活率高达95%。田间栽培的试管苗与供体植株的外部形态与生理特性完全一致。     

观音莲的组织培养研究

通过观音莲的茎尖培养获得无菌试管苗,研究了生长调节剂和椰乳(CM)组合对芽增殖的影响,探讨了生长调节剂和多效唑(MET)组合对生根的影响,并对移栽基质进行了筛选。结果表明:观音莲增殖的适合培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+CM 15%~20%;适合观音莲生根的培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+MET 0.5 mg/L;最佳的移栽基质为珍珠岩,移栽成活率达100%。     

石龙尾(Limnophila sessiliflora BI.)的组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究

以石龙尾(Limnophila sessiliflora BI.)沉水枝带节茎段为外植体进行离体培养,研究外植体灭菌方法以及培养基中不同生长调节剂的浓度对其增殖、生根的影响。结果表明:以0.1%的HgCl2为灭菌剂,采用4 min+4 min、间歇4 h的间歇灭菌法,可以获得成活的无菌外植体15%;在1/2 MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1~0.2 mg·L^-1的增殖培养基上培养35 d,试管苗的增殖系数可达30.8以上;在1/2 MS+6-BA 0.3 mg·L^-1+NAA0.5 mg·L^-1的生根培养基上培养28 d后,可获得具3~5个侧枝的生根苗,平均每株生根数4.8条;炼苗后移植成活率100%。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.