The Influence of Myofibrils on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Myoblasts Cocultured with Macrophages

We studied the effect of myofibrils on proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts cocultured with macrophages as well as the effect of incubation of macrophages with myofibrils on the expression by macrophages of the compounds that are cytokines for muscle cells. In the cocultures, macrophages stimulated the proliferation of myoblasts. Myofibrils greatly enhanced the stimulating effect of macrophages, whereas lipopolysaccharide (LPS) completely abolished it. The culture medium conditioned by macrophages activated the proliferation of myoblasts that were incubated with myofibrils but inhibited it when myoblasts were incubated with LPS. Possibly, myofibrils and their constituent proteins activate macrophages in an alternative pathway, enriching the population with M2-type macrophages.Z     

The comparison of lysosomal enzymes activities in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages of rat

Studies were carried out on macrophages isolated from control and thioglycollate injected rats. Intraperitoneal injection of thioglycollate had no effect on the number of harvested alveolar macrophages but caused a marked increase in the number of peritoneal macrophages. The specific activities of all the investigated enzymes were significantly lower in peritoneal macrophages from control rats in comparison to alveolar macrophages. Thioglycollate stimulation of peritoneal macrophages caused increase in activities of all lysosomal hydrolases studied. Cathepsin B, N-acetylglucosaminidase and esterase showed the highest level of stimulation.     

Effect of rickettsial antigen-specific T cell line on the interaction of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi with macrophages

The effect of rickettsial antigen-specific T cell line on macrophages infected with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was studied. It was suggested that the T cells could produce a factor which acts cytotoxically and selectively on infected macrophages.     

Behavior of cAMP-deficient mutants of Salmonella typhimurium in macrophage cultures

The behavior of c-AMP-deficient S. typhimurium mutants in the culture of peritoneal macrophages of white mice and the antibacterial activity of immune macrophages obtained from mice previously immunized with c-AMP-deficient S. typhimurium mutants were studied; c-AMP-deficient mutants were shown to have a lesser cytotoxic effect on macrophages than the initial virulent strain, while retaining their capacity for intracellular proliferation. Immune macrophages acquired the ability to withstand the cytotoxic action of the virulent strain.     

小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞被S-O_2—1激活后的抑瘤作用 Ⅰ.小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的体外细胞毒作用及扫描电镜观察

在六十年代Mathe就用卡介苗来治疗小儿白血病,并获得了良好的效果。以后人们开始重视如何利用微生物佐剂刺激机体的防御机制,增强机体对肿瘤的排斥能力,来达到提高肿瘤治疗效果的目的。     

The effect of bilirubin on the fc receptor expression and phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages

The effect of bilirubin on the phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages and on the expression of Fc receptors and receptors for SRBC was studied. Intraperitoneally administered bilirubin influenced the expression of Fc receptors for IgM, IgG2B, IgA and IgE, whereas the expression of other receptors as well as the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages remained unchanged. The possible mechanism of the effect of bilirubin on Fc receptors is discussed.     

Penetration of anti-lysosome serum in macrophages and the localization of anti-lysosome antibodies in their structures]

Penetration of antilysosomal sera into living macrophages, their localization on subcellular structures, and their effects upon the cell, were studied by means of immunofluorescence technique. The rabbit antilysosomal (antimembrane) immune globulins were found to be ingested by the mouse macrophages and to exert obvious effect upon the macrophage function. The specificity of used antisera was confirmed by findings obtained with fixed macrophages.     

Effect of polyanions on macrophage-lymphocyte interaction

The effect of polyanions on the interaction of antigen-stimulated macrophages and lymphocytes was studied in vivo. Treatment of cell mixture of macrophages and lymphocytes with poly = A : U or dextran sulfate induced a considerable increase in the number of lymphocytes contacting with macrophages during the first hours of cultivation. Under similar conditions yeast RNA had a certain anticooperative effect. According to the data obtained by scanning electron microscopy, the contacts between the interacting cells were realized by means of cytoplasmic bridges or close membrane connections.     

Role of peritoneal macrophages in the development of an experimental Salmonella infection

The effect produced on the course of Salmonella infection in mice by the removal of peritoneal macrophages with agarose has been studied. Peritoneal macrophages have been shown to control the multiplication of faintly virulent and virulent S. typhimurium strains in the spleen of mice. In immune mice the elimination of the virulent strain of the causative agent of superinfection may occur without the control of peritoneal macrophages.     

The effects of silica dust and alveolar macrophages on lung fibroblasts grown in vitro

The effect of silica (min-u-sil) on lung fibroblasts, with and without the mediation of alveolar macrophages, has been studied by measuring DNA, protein, collagen, lysosomal enzymes and secreted glycosaminoglycans. Intact macrophages were found to stimulate collagen production whether they had first been pretreated with silica or not. The dust has a direct effect on fibroblasts, an effect dependent on silica concentration and the stage of fibroblast growth. The possible relationships of the above effects to both fibrosis and emphysema are discussed.     

Differential effect of cyclosporine A on respiratory burst by several types of human leukocytic cells.

The effect of cyclosporine on PMA-stimulated superoxide production has been studied on human alveolar macrophages, human neutrophils, cytoplasts and Epstein-Barr-virus-transformed B lymphocytes. Cyclosporine inhibits superoxide production in alveolar macrophages but not in neutrophils and cytoplasts. The respiratory burst of B-lymphocytes was scarcely inhibited by cyclosporine. The activity of NADPH oxidase from macrophages and neutrophils was not directly affected by cyclosporine. These data are considered in relation with the proposed mechanism for cyclosporine action and the stimulation of the respiratory burst.     

CREG促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体发生及溶酶体组织蛋白酶表达*

目的:研究E1A激活基因阻遏子(Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes,CREG)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体发生及溶酶体组织蛋白酶表达的影响。方法:应用loss-of-function和gain-of-function模型,Lysotracker Red染色和透射电镜观察CREG对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体发生的影响,并通过细胞免疫荧光染色和Western blot方法,观察CREG对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体组织蛋白酶表达的影响。结果:Lysotracker Red染色和透射电镜证实CREG可促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体发生;细胞免疫荧光染色和Western blot方法证实CREG可促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体组织蛋白酶cathepsin B及cathepsin S表达。结论:CREG可促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞溶酶体发生及组织蛋白酶cathepsin B及cathepsin S表达。     

Changes in the cAMP level in macrophages in Salmonella typhimurium phagocytosis

The effect of a virulent S. typhimurium strain and its cAMP-deficients mutant on the level of cAMP in macrophages in the process of phagocytosis has been studied. The virulent strain has been shown to induce the 3-fold increase of the level of cAMP in macrophages, while the mutant renders no such effect.     

Effect of lentinan on macrophage cytotoxicity against metastatic tumor cells

We studied the effect of lentinan, a fungal polysaccharide immunomodulator, on mouse peritoneal macrophages. The i.p. treatment of mice with 10 mg/kg lentinan affected the number, plastic-adherence, and endogen peroxidase activity of peritoneal cells. The cytotoxicity of lentinan-stimulated peritoneal macrophages was determined against several murine and human metastatic tumor targets: Lewis lung carcinoma (LLT) and two human melanomas, and was found to be significantly higher than that of the macrophages from control animals. However, the highly metastatic variant of LLT (LLT-HH) was resistant to the cytolytic effect of resident and lentinan-activated macrophages as well, indicating that the stimulation for cytotoxicity depends not only on the functional activity of the effector but also on the sensitivity of the target.     

A study of the functional activity of macrophages of peritoneal exudate of mice exposed to low-intensity laser radiation in vitro and in vivo

The effect of low-intensity laser radiation generated by semiconductor devices in the red (650 nm) and infrared (850 nm) regions of the spectrum in vitro and in vivo on the phagocytic activity and synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by peritoneal macrophages during the phagocytosis of bacterial cells has been studied. A culture of the clinical strain of the enteropathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli was used as an object. The radiation dose was varied by changing the power and duration of exposure. The results obtained indicate that infrared low-intensity laser radiation has a stimulating effect on the phagocytic activity of macrophages. It was shown that the effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the activity of the phagocytic process, the enhancement of the adhesion of bacteria by macrophages, killing of bacteria, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines is dose-dependent. The exposure to the rays of the red region of the spectrum on phagocytizing macrophages induced a decrease in their activity; as the dose was increased, the destruction of cells was registered.     

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and lipopolysaccharide enhance interferon-induced tryptophan degradation and pteridine synthesis in human cells

The capacity of recombinant interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and of recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha to induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and synthesis of pteridines was studied in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, human macrophages and normal dermal fibroblasts. The action of interferon-alpha and -beta on macrophages was supported by lymphocyte factors as indicated by the effect of these mediators in the absence or presence of lymphocytes. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha alone was ineffective in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and macrophages, but it significantly increased the action of all three interferon species on macrophages and fibroblasts. Lipopolysaccharide directly affected macrophages or dermal fibroblasts and enhanced the effect of interferon-gamma. However, in the presence of lymphocytes, the action of lipopolysaccharide was mediated via interferon-gamma.     

Increased sensitivity of immune macrophages to the cytotoxic action of virulent shigellae

The in vitro interaction of live bacteria belonging to virulent and avirulent Shigella and Salmonella strains with peritoneal macrophages obtained from mice immunized by the intragastric administration of these bacteria has been studied. In contrast to Salmonella-activated macrophages capable of resisting the intracellular proliferation and the cytopathic action of homologous bacteria, Shigella-activated macrophages become more sensitive to the cytopathic action of virulent shigellae. The ability of shigellae to render an aggravating cytopathic effect on the activated macrophages correlates with the virulence of dysentery bacilli and is practically absent in avirulent strains, including S. flexneri 2a No. 516 M vaccine strain.     

Electrokinetic studies on normal and thioglycollate stimulated peritoneal macrophages

Normal and thioglycollate-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages were studied by means of cell electrophoresis. Electrophoretic mobility of normal macrophages was reduced 33% in the presence of rabbit gamma globulin (RGG), whereas, the mobility of thioglycollate-stimulated macrophages was lower than normal macrophages, and not altered in the presence of RGG. Albumin and the (Fab)² fragment of RGG had little effect on the mobility of normal macrophages, and nonaggregated RGG had less effect than aggregated RGG in reducing electrophoretic mobility.     

氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白对巨噬细胞一氧化氮合酶基因表达的影响

氧化修饰LDL(OX-LDL)可抑制脂多糖(LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞NO释放, 而正常(N-LDL)和乙酰化LDL(AC-LDL)则没有抑制作用.OX-LDL对NO释放的抑制作用随LDL修饰程度的升高而增强,且具有浓度和时间效应.狭缝杂交结果显示OX-LDL处理可使LPS诱导的巨噬细胞NOS mRNA含量下降,提示OX-LDL对NO释放的抑制作用可能发生在转录水平.     

幽门螺杆菌VacA N端在巨噬细胞中表达对其细胞因子 分泌功能的影响

构建pDsRed-Monomer-C1/vacA N端真核表达载体,研究幽门螺杆菌空泡毒素单一毒力决定簇对THP-1巨噬细胞细胞因子分泌的影响.PCR扩增vacA目的基因片段,克隆人真核表达载体pDsRed-Monomer-C1中,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定后,转染THP-1巨噬细胞中,Western blot和荧光显微镜鉴定VacA蛋白在细胞中的表达;电子显微镜和中性红摄人法观察巨噬细胞的空泡样变;ELISA法检测巨噬细胞培养上清TNF-α、IL-1β含量.重组质粒转染THP-1巨噬细胞24h,部分细胞胞浆中出现大小不等的空泡,且重组质粒组培养上清中TNF-α、IL-1β含量明显高于空质粒组和阴性对照组(P＜0.001),二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷(pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate,PDTC)下调细胞因子的分泌.结果显示,成功构建pDsRed-Monomer-C1-vacA真核表达载体;VacA蛋白瞬时高表达上调THP-1巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α、IL-1β;核因子kB(nuclear factor kappaB,NF-kB)可能参与调节VacA诱导的THP-1巨噬细胞的分泌.