拟青霉属一嗜热新种,短链拟青霉Paecilomyces curticatenatus

从福建福州荔枝根际土样中分离到一嗜热单瓶梗拟青霉新种,短链拟青霉。其主要鉴别特征为:在查氏培养基上,35℃,14天,菌落边缘浅波浪状,灰褐色;分生孢子梗缺乏或简单,瓶梗直接单生于气生菌丝上,偶而在简单的分生孢子梗上着生有由2~3个瓶梗组成的轮生体;分生孢子微粗糙,大多近球形至椭圆形,少数梭形;分生孢子链短,常由3~6个孢子组成。     

拟青霉属一嗜热新种,短链拟青霉Paecilomyces curticatenatus

从福建福州荔枝根际土样中分离到一嗜热单瓶梗拟青霉新种,短链拟青霉。其主要鉴别特征为:在查氏培养基上,35℃,14天,菌落边缘浅波浪状,灰褐色;分生孢子梗缺乏或简单,瓶梗直接单生于气生菌丝上,偶而在简单的分生孢子梗上着生有由2~3个瓶梗组成的轮生体;分生孢子微粗糙,大多近球形至椭圆形,少数梭形;分生孢子链短,常由3~6个孢子组成。     

首报宛氏拟青霉引起肺部感染的真菌学鉴定

本文首报一例由宛氏拟青霉引起肺部感染的真菌学鉴定。从患者痰和肺泡洗液中分离得到的这株宛氏拟青霉(GN8710)主要特征有:①本菌于察氏、沙堡氏培养基中26℃生长良好。②培养物镜检可见分生孢子梗上生出单个瓶梗或多个瓶梗形成帚状枝,瓶梗细长着生卵圆形孢子,形成长链。③培养早期菌丝可产生球形巨孢子。本菌可引起条件性致病。     

一株产生漆酶的耐高温膨大拟青霉大孢变种

从河北唐山地区的 1份土样中 ,分离到 1株产漆酶、耐高温的拟青霉新分类单元 ,膨大拟青霉大孢变种 [Paecilomycesinflatus (Burnside)Carmichaelvar.majorLiangZ .Q .,ChuH .L .etHanY .F .]。此菌的典型特征是在查氏培养基上 ,4 0℃ ,7d ,菌落直径为 38～ 4 4mm。瓶梗单生 ,不规则的着生在气生菌丝或简单的分生孢子梗上。分生孢子光滑 ,梭形或长椭圆形 ,大多数 (5 .6～ 9.0 ) μm× (2 .5～ 4 .5 ) μm。     

拟青霉属一新种及其杀蚜活性

从病死棉蚜（AphisgossypiiGlover)分离到拟青霉属一新种一灰绿拟青霉（PaecilomycesgriseiviridisM．X．Dai）。在查氏琼脂和PDA上菌落呈灰绿色。瓶梗1．8～3．2×5．6～10．3μm,基部椭圆形膨大或呈圆柱状,上部明显变细;分生孢子纺锤形,单胞,壁光滑,1．2～1．8×2．8～4．4μm。分生孢子对蚜虫具有侵染力;该菌发酵液（离心后）亦具有一定的杀蚜活性。     

青霉属的一个新种

本文报告从贵阳市细叶桉树流胶上分离到的一株青霉,在查氏琼脂上生长极为局限,菌落质地为绳状,并形成匍匐枝样的菌丝,超越菌落之外再重新进入培养基内生长。帚状枝大多为双轮对称型,少数单轮生或不规则分枝。瓶梗不呈典型的披针形。分生孢子球形至近球形,具瘤状突起。分生孢子链形成相当致密的短柱,一部分的顶部稍尖。该菌属于双轮对称青霉组的绳状青霉系,近于擒状青霉(Penicillium piceum Raper et Fenncll),但区别在于菌落特征明显不同和具有瘤状突起的分生孢子,命名为树脂青霉(Penicillium resinae sp. Nov)。     

中国拟青霉新种及其与虫草的关系

从虫草[Cordyceps sinenisis(Berk.),Sacc.]上分离到中国拟青霉新种(Paecilomyces isnenisisp.nov.),对它进行了培养和形态学研究。中国拟青霉与蛹草[cordyceps militaris(L·)Liak]的无性阶段形态非常类似,但在分生孢子形态,分生孢子和瓶梗的量度上有所不同,且两者的寄主及生境不同,故定为新种。不仅可从长子座的殭虫获得其纯培养物,也可从不长子座而长孢梗束的虫草纯化培养获得。纯培养物的形态和天然虫体的孢梗束完全相同,故认为它可能是虫草的无性阶段。     

拟青霉属的两个新种

从罹病茶卷叶蛾(Cacoecia tngentana Christoph)、茶小卷叶I蛾(Adoxophyci pruatana Walker)蚋茧和一种鞘翅目成虫上分离得到拟青霉属的两个新种一一斜链拟青霉(Paecilonyces cateniobliquus Liang)和环链拟青霉(Paccilomyces cateniannulatus Liang)。斜链拟青霉菌落玫瑰红色至血红色;分生孢子椭圆形至长圆形,2.5—7.5(-12)x 1一2.5微米,形成不同角度倾斜排列的孢子链。环链拟青霉菌落白色;分生孢子卵圆形至椭圆形,小,2—3.5×1.5微米,不规则地倾斜排列,常弯曲成直径约30微米的环形链。     

拟青霉属一新种及其杀蚜活性

从病死棉蚜（ＡｐｈｉｓｇｏｓｓｙｐｉｉＧｌｏｖｅｒ）分离到拟青霉属一新种－灰绿拟青霉（ＰａｅｃｉｌｏｍｙｃｅｓｇｒｉｓｅｉｖｉｒｄｉｓＭ．Ｘ．Ｄａｉｌ）。在查氏琼脂和ＰＤＡ上菌落呈灰绿色,瓶梗１．８～３．２×５．６～１０．３μｍ基部椭圆形膨大或呈圆柱状,上部明显变细,分生孢子纺锤形,单胞,壁光滑,１．２０～１．８×２．８～４．４μｍ分生孢子对蚜虫具有侵染力,该菌发酵液（离心后）亦具有一定的杀蚜活性     

淡紫拟青霉固体发酵条件初步研究

淡紫拟青霉是一种具有防治植物线虫作用的生防菌株。为了获得淡紫拟青霉固体发酵的最佳条件,采用单因素实验和正交实验对淡紫拟青霉固体发酵的培养基组成及培养条件进行摸索。淡紫拟青霉固体发酵的最佳培养基组成为麸皮和玉米粉4:1、料水比1:0.6、氯化锰含量为0.6%、初始pH值为6.0,固体发酵最佳的培养条件为接种量6%,培养温度25℃,培养时间为9 d,在此条件下淡紫拟青霉固体发酵的分生孢子数为13.5×10~9 CFU/g。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.