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用酶组织化学方法探讨经支气管纤维镜(简称纤支镜)活检组织,对肺癌的早期诊断。包括一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、细胞色素氧化酶(CCO)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)等。酶组织化学反应结果显示为肺癌组病人NOS、LDH、CCO、ACP的活性显著增高,分别为强阳性(),少数呈最强阳性();而SOH活性为弱阳性(+),较正常人组显著下降。可疑组病人SDH活性增高呈强阳性()或最强阳性(),但NOS、LDH、ACP的活性较肺癌组下降,分别为弱阳性(+)或中等阳性()。上述结果提示:NOS等活性的变化,可作为提高肺癌早期诊断的重要指标之一。 相似文献
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30只雌性SD大鼠分为五组,即A组(阴性对照组),B组(孕三烯酮阳性对照组1mg/kg),C组(米非司酮实验组,Cl12mg/kg,C26mg/kg,C33mg/kg)。用组织化学方法观察米非司酮对子宫内膜一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、硷性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和糖原含量的影响。实验结果显示:NOS,SDH和ALP活性较阴性对照组弱,LDH和ACP活性较阴性对照组强,糖原含量略低于阴性对照组。 相似文献
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生长抑素对羟自由基损伤的人胃粘膜上皮细胞系GES—1的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的和方法:采用人胃粘膜上皮细胞系GES1细胞传代培养技术,利用Fe2+与H2O2反应生成的羟自由基(hydroxylradical,OH·)建立细胞损伤模型,探讨OH·损伤人胃粘膜细胞的机制,观察生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)对GES1细胞抗OH·损伤的影响。结果:(1)OH·可直接损伤GES1细胞,表现为细胞存活率下降而细胞乳酸脱氢酶(lactatedehydrogenase,LDH)漏出量增多;预先在细胞培养液中加入OH·特异性清除剂二甲基亚砜(5mmol/L),可预防该损伤。预先加入SS(0.01mg/L,0.1mg/L,1.0mg/L,10mg/L)对细胞存活率和细胞LDH漏出量无影响;(2)加入OH·后,细胞丙二醛(MDA)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量上升而还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量下降。以SS0.1mg/L,1.0mg/L,10mg/L预处理,可部分减轻上述改变。结论:OH·可直接损伤GES1细胞,其机制与破坏细胞的巯基稳态及加重细胞的脂质过氧化程度有关;SS可通过维持细胞的巯基稳态,部分减轻OH·所致的GES1细胞脂质过氧化程度。 相似文献
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党参对冠心病心绞痛患者的血液细胞及对小鼠心肌作用的定量细胞化学观察 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文应用细胞化学和定量细胞化学技术,对冠心病心气虚病人服用党参前后外周血细胞中的糖原及琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的含量和活性,以及党参对小鼠心肌中糖原、SDH、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的影响进行了分析研究。结果发现,党参可明显提高冠心病人外周血细胞中糖原和SDH的含量和活性;同时动物实验亦证实,灌服党参液的小鼠心肌中糖原、SDH、LDH的含量和活性亦明显高于生理盐水组。这说明党参可改善冠心病人的心肌代谢,对冠心病的治疗是十分有利的。 相似文献
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类产碱假单胞菌谷氨酸脱氢酶的提纯、鉴定及某些特性的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从类产碱假单胞菌纯化出电泳纯的谷氨酸脱氢酶,用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳和SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测得分子量为290 kD,亚基分子量为47 kD,提示该酶为六聚体.该酶对NADP(H)和底物均具有高度专一性,对谷氨酸、α-酮戊二酸及NADP+ 的Km 值分别为:28 m m ol/L、1.2m m ol/L及0.063 m m ol/L.用Hill作图法求得酶对NH+4 和NADPH 的[S]0.5分别为24 m m ol/L和0.037 m m ol/L.最适反应温度为50℃,催化氨化反应和脱氨反应的最适pH 分别为8.0和8.8,在热稳定性方面不及嗜热细菌的谷氨酸脱氢酶稳定.提纯的谷氨酸脱氢酶在低温(4℃)条件下,可在Tris-HCl缓冲液中贮存半年以上,活力无明显下降,冷冻则可导致纯酶液迅速失活.氮源对菌体谷氨酸脱氢酶水平有显著影响. 相似文献
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骤冷与饥饿对小鼠肝脏影响的实验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为探讨饥饿及饥饿与骤冷对动物肝脏的影响,本实验用健康昆明种小鼠25只,随机分成正常组5只,饥饿组10只,饥饿后再予冷刺激组10只(下称骤冷组)。采用组织化学及酶组织化学方法观察糖原(PAS反应)、SDH(琥珀酸脱氢酶),LDH(乳酸脱氢酶),ChE(胆碱酯酶)、Mg2+-ATPase(镁激活三磷酸腺苷酶),ACP(酸性磷酸酶)。结果提示:饥饿时肝脏PAS反应,SDH,Mg2+-ATPase、ChE活性显著下降,而ACP活性明显增强;饥饿后骤冷时PAS(反应)、SDH、ChE更显著下降,而ACP及Mg2+-ATPase活性反而增强。 相似文献
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硒对培养人胚肝细胞Ⅲ型前胶原,羟脯氨酸合成的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
原代培养人胚肝细胞经1.156×10 ̄(-7)mol/L硒预处理4h,加入20mmol/L四氟化碳作用20h,观察硒对其Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)和羟脯氨酸(Hyp)生成的影响。结果培养液中PCⅢ水平、细胞内Hyp含量及细胞内外丙二醛(MDA)水平均降低,与未加硒对照组比较差别有显著性(P<0.01)。而硒谷腕甘肽过氧化物酶(Se-GSH-PX)活性则较对照组显著增高(P<0.001),且PCⅢ水平与Se-GSH-P_X/MDA比值呈负相关(r=-0.9156,P<0.01)。提示硒可提高Se-GSH-P_X/MDA比值,抑制脂质过氧化激发的肝细胞胶原合成。 相似文献
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猴头菇对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
分别以猴头菇干粉(猴头菇Ⅰ组)和猴头菇浸出液(猴头菇Ⅱ组)饲喂小鼠,观察猴头菇对小鼠血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力、血乳酸、血清尿素氮(BUN)、肝糖原、肌糖原含量及运动耐力的影响。结果表明:实验60d后,猴头菇Ⅰ、Ⅱ组LDH活力、肝糖原及肌糖原含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);运动后血乳酸的水平和BUN的增量明显低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);运动后血乳酸消除速率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在运动耐力测定时在水中淹死的时间比对照组长得多(P<0.05)。提示:猴头菇具有明显的增强运动能力和解除疲劳的作用。 相似文献
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天然及氧化修饰脂蛋白对人动脉平滑肌细胞原癌基因表达的影响 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)的增殖在动脉粥样硬化(AS)的形成过程中极其重要。我们在建立人主动脉SMC体外培养方法的基础上,观察了LDL,VLDL及HDL和相应的氧化修饰型脂蛋白对培养人SMCsis,jun,H-ras原癌基因及Rb抗癌基因转录表达的影响。结果表明:(1)HDL对SMCsis,jun,ras基因表达无影响;(2)LDL和VLDL有使这些基因表达增加的趋势;(3)ox-LDL,ox-VLDL和ox-HDL具有使SMCsis,jun,和ras基因表达显著增强的作用(P<0.01),且其作用较相应的天然脂蛋白大(P<0.01);(4)天然和氧化修饰型脂蛋白对Rb基因表达均无影响。据上述结果推测:LDL,VLDL,ox-LDL,ox-VLDL和ox-HDL的致AS作用可能与刺激SMCsis,jun和ras原癌基因表达增加有关。 相似文献
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动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)是动脉粥样硬化(AS)斑块中的主要细胞,它的增殖在AS形成过程中极其重要。脂蛋白和氧化修饰型脂蛋白对SMC增殖的影响以及SMC增殖与原癌基因异常表达的关系是当前AS发病机制研究的热点之一。我们在建立人主动脉SMC体外培养方法的基础上,观察了LDL,VLDL及HDL和相应的氧化修饰型脂蛋白对培养人SMCfos,myc,erb-B原癌基因转录表达的影响。结果表明:①HDL对SMCfos,myc基因表达无影响;②LDL和VLDL有使这些基因表达增加的趋势,但与对照比较差异不显著(P>0.05);③OX-VLDL,OX-VLDL和OX-HDL有使SMCfos,myc基因表达显著增强的作用(P<0.01),且其作用较相应的天然脂蛋白大(P<0.01).上述结果说明:LDL,VLDL,OX-LDL,OX-VLDL和0X-HDL的致AS作用可能与刺激SMCfos和myc癌基因表达增加有关。 相似文献
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合成洗涤剂对人和哺乳动物细胞的诱变性研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
各种合成洗涤剂(洗衣粉,洗发膏,餐具洗涤剂等)产量日增。在日常生活中使用越来越普遍。洗涤剂直接或间接通过环境污染对人类健康产生影响,特别是潜在的致突变性引起公众的普遍注意。而现有的研究结果并不一致。本研究选用三种型号的合成洗涤剂,以小鼠生殖细胞染色体畸变和骨髓细胞微核率及离体的人类细胞和中国仓鼠细胞的染色体畸变和姐妹染色单体交换(SCE)为测定指标,系统地对合成洗涤剂的诱变活 相似文献
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武汉东湖沉积物和沉积物间隙水中氮和磷的含量及其分布 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
武汉东湖的沉积物中氮(N)的平均含量上层(0—10厘米)为14.2毫克/克(干重,下同),下层(10-40厘米)为12.0毫克/克。磷(P)的平均含量上层为0.87毫克/克,下层为0.62毫克/克。沉积物中氮和磷的含量均有明显的垂直和平面分布上的差异,上层高于下层,水果湖区高于其它湖区。沉积物间隙水中总溶解氮的浓度高,平均为儿.52毫克/升,主要以氨氮的形态存在,占总溶解氮的61.3%。总溶解磷的浓度较低,平均为0.113毫克/升,其中正磷酸盐占55.8%。间隙水中氮和磷的浓度均有明显的季节变动,夏季和秋季的浓度高,冬季和春季浓度低。除氨氮外,间隙水中氮和磷的浓度比底层湖水中氮和磷的浓度高,但一般不超过5倍,表明沉积物和湖水之间溶解的营养物质交换十分强烈。 相似文献
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TURNOVER OF PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE IN MICROSOMES AND MYELIN IN BRAINS OF YOUNG AND ADULT RATS 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
We have tested the hypothesis that the turnover of phosphatidylcholine in subcellular fractions of rat brain is a function of the age at which this lipid is deposited. Rats, 60 days of age, were injected intracranially with [2-3H]glycerol and either [methyl-14C]choline (to label the base moiety) or [U-14C]glucose (to label acyl moieties). Littermates were killed up to 90 days after injection and brain microsomes and myelin isolated. Lipids were extracted and the phosphatidylcholine was isolated by 2-dimensional TLC and hydrolyzed to its constituent moieties. The 3H in the glycerol backbone and 14C in the choline or acyl residues was quantitated. The microsomal and myelin 3H/14C ratios decreased with time with either set of precursors, indicating that labeled choline and acyl moieties were reutilized more efficiently than the glycerol backbone. The various precursors exhibited first order decay curves with half-lives for the glycerol backbone of 6 and 11 days for the microsomal and myelin fractions respectively. These results contrast with those previously obtained with identical experimental procedures when 17-day-old animals were injected. In that study, although much of the phosphatidylcholine turned over rapidly as for the older animals, by 2 weeks after injection most of the remaining phosphatidylcholine was turning over more slowly with a half-life of 13 and 25 days for microsomes and myelin respectively (Miller et al., 1977). The base and acyl moieties also had a corresponding shorter half-life in older animals relative to the slow turnover phase in younger rats. 相似文献
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Camp , Wendell H., and Mary M. Hubbard . (U. Connecticut, Storrs.) Vascular supply and structure of the ovule and aril in peony and of the aril in nutmeg. Amer. Jour. Bot. 50(2): 174–178. Illus. 1963.—Examination of the placental region in the carpel of Paeonia indicates a complexity and super-abundance of vascular supply beyond that usually found in angiosperms and certainly more than is necessary for adequate nutrition and water supply of the ovules. From this it is concluded that the ovules once were borne on a larger and more complex structure than the present carpel. Vascular strands leading to the aril and the hypostase are interpreted as being relictual. The large multifid aril of Myristica has a well-developed vascular system composed of several sizes of branched bundles. 相似文献
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大鼠颌下腺促性腺激素释放激素及其mRNA的免疫组织化学与原位杂交研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用免疫组织化学及原位杂交法,研究了促性腺激素释放激素及其mRNA在大鼠颌下腺的分布。结果显示,大鼠颌下腺的浆液性腺泡的上皮细胞,各级导管的上皮细胞及副交感神经节细胞均呈促性腺激素释放激素免疫反应阳性,阳性反应物质分布在胞质,胞核呈阴性反应。颌下腺的浆液性腺泡上皮细胞,各级导管上皮细胞同样被检测到很强的促性腺激素释放激素mRNA杂交信号。以上结果提示,大鼠颌下腺能自身合成促性腺激素释放激素,促性腺激素释放激素对消化功能可能有重要调节作用。 相似文献
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Abstract— Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and pseudocholinesterase (°ChE) were studied in vivo and during the first several months of development of pectoral and posterior latissimi dorsi (PLD) muscles in normal and dystrophic chickens. Muscle extracts were prepared in a high ionic strength-nonionic detergent medium in the presence of protease inhibitors, in order to obtain complete solubilization and to prevent degradation of intrinsic molecular forms of both enzymes. In both normal and dystrophic pectoral muscles levels of AChE and °ChE increase rapidly in vivo, °ChE accounting for 5–10% of total cholinesterase activity. In the normal pectoral muscle the concentration of both enzymes drops rapidly after hatching with increasing muscle mass; total AChE per muscle remains relatively constant for 30 days post-hatch. In the dystrophic pectoral muscle both AChE and °ChE accumulate after hatching, resulting in greatly elevated levels (approx 10–25-fold) of both enzymes throughout the period studied. Multiple molecular forms of AChE and °ChE are observed in the pectoral muscle by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Four principal forms are distinguished: two light (L1, L2), one medium (M), and one heavy (H2). The °ChE forms are 0.5–1.0 S units lighter than the corresponding AChE forms. L2 is the predominant light form of AChE, whereas L1 is the major light °ChE form detected. The lighter forms of AChE predominate in normal and dystrophic embryonic pectoral muscle at day 14, being replaced by the H2 form by day 19. H2 is the major °ChE form detected at day 19. After hatching, H2 AChE is the predominant form found in both of the normal muscles studied. In the dystrophic pectoral muscle, progressive accumulation of the L2 form of AChE is detected as early as day 4 post-hatch; this form eventually becomes predominant, although the heavier forms are also elevated. In PLD muscle the same phenomenon occurs, but with a slower time course. In dystrophic pectoral muscle a similar rise in the L1 form of °ChE is first observed by day 4, with heavier forms also elevated in the mature muscle. Thus the alteration in the control of these two enzymes in dystrophic fast-twitch muscles results in an accumulation of the light forms of AChE and °ChE. 相似文献