Haematological and blood biochemical studies in female domesticated Indian elephants (Elaphas maximus L.)

1. Some haematological and biochemical blood parameters in female Indian elephants were investigated. 2. Haematological data were as follows: Ht = 39.2 +/- 2.36%, Hb = 10.1 +/- 0.54 g%, RBC = 2.66 +/- 0.32 x 10(6)/mm3, WBC = 5.43 +/- 0.48 x 10(3)/mm3. Lymphocytes, determined on blood smears were mainly leucocytes from (67.0 +/- 1.59%). Data for MCV, MCH and MCHC are also given. 3. Blood plasma was separated into 5 main fractions, total plasma protein concentration was 6.98 +/- 0.53 g%, A/G ratio was 0.69 +/- 0.1. 4. Plasma minerals concentration was as follows: Na, 3044 +/- 194 micrograms/ml; K, 529 +/- 38.5 micrograms/ml; Mg, 33.0 +/- 3.43 micrograms/ml; Ca, 181.0 +/- 17.8 micrograms/ml; InP, 44.6 +/- 6.1 micrograms/ml. Ca: P ratio was 3.25 +/- 0.34. 5. Some seasonal differences in investigated parameters were observed. Ht values, WBC and neutrophils number as well as Ca, and Mg concentrations were higher during winter, whereas RBC and Na and InP concentrations were lower in winter.     

Effect of Garlic Supplementation on Erythrocytes Antioxidant Parameters, Lipid Peroxidation, and Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation Process in Oxidized Oil-Fed Rabbits

Effect of garlic supplementation on blood antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and coronary plaque formation process was investigated in oxidized oil-fed rabbits. Eighteen adult male mixed European rabbits were given a balanced diet (21 g% protein, 34 g% fat, 45 g% carbohydrate), which contained isocaloristic addition of nonoxidized or oxidized rapeseed oil in the presence and absence of garlic. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. At the beginning and every 6 weeks, rabbits were weighed, and blood was taken. To evaluate the antioxidant status of the rabbits, erythrocytes malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, total superoxide dismutase (t-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activations were determined. After the experiment was completed, aortas were dissected for histological examinations. Changes in the contents of the above parameters and histological examinations showed that oxidized rapeseed, oil administered to rabbits, caused the development of atherosclerotic changes and disturbed antioxidant status. The addition of garlic in such diets inhibited atherosclerotic changes in the aorta wall, and it is related to the homeostatic activity of antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation.     

Acute systemic changes in blood cells, proteins, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet aggregation after frostbite injury in the rabbit

Acute systemic blood changes were measured in New Zealand white rabbits after severe and mild frostbite injury to the foot. There were observed after 72 hr, in the severely frostbitten rabbits, a decrease in erythrocytes, hematocrit, lymphocytes, and albumin, and an increase in total leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, fibrinogen, and antithrombin III. Mildly frostbitten rabbits showed similar changes except for no changes in the platelets, albumin, and antithrombin III. In severely frostbitten rabbits, after 72 hr, the changes in the plasma coagulation tests were a prolonged partial thromboplastin time, an accelerated prothrombin time, and increased activities of Factors VII, IX, X, and XI. In mildly frostbitten rabbits there were a prolonged partial thromboplastin time and an increased activity of Factor VII. No changes in fibrinolysis were seen in either group of rabbits. Platelet aggregation, studied only in the severely frostbitten rabbits, showed a change only by an increase in the slope of the collagen-induced platelet aggregation. The blood changes observed in the rabbit model are different than those reported in human frostbite cases. No disseminated intravascular coagulation was apparent in the rabbit model after frostbite injury.     

A stathmokinetic study of B lymphocytopoiesis in rat bone marrow: proliferation of cells containing cytoplasmic mu-chains, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and carrying HIS24 antigen

In rat bone marrow (BM), the B lineage surface antigen HIS24 is expressed by all surface mu chain-bearing (s mu+) B cells, by cytoplasmic mu chain-containing (c mu+s mu-) pre-B cells and TdT+ cells, and by lymphoid cells lacking both mu and TdT. Because TdT+ and HIS24+TdT-mu- cells may represent stages in B lymphocytopoiesis before mu chain expression, we investigated their kinetics. The metaphase arrest method was combined with immunofluorescence staining to detect proliferation and to quantitate cell production in the BM pre-B, TdT+, and HIS24+TdT-mu- compartments. Their apparent cell cycle times (tC(a)) were 38, 36, and 19 hr, and the number of cells produced per hour per femur were 58, 9, and 41 X 10(4), respectively. The HIS24+ compartments showed further phenotypic heterogeneity. Six percent of TdT+ cells expressed mu chains and were therefore pre-B cells. Twenty percent of HIS24+TdT-mu- cells expressed Ig other than mu chains, with size distribution and kinetics similar to HIS24+TdT-Ig- cells. Thus, the rate of production in the truly Ig-HIS24+ compartment was about 40 X 10(4)/hr/femur (8.5 by TdT+mu- and 33 by TdT-Ig-). In each phenotypic compartment, mitoses were confined to subsets of large (greater than 11 to 12 micron) cells with tC(a) of 13 to 15 hr. Surface mu+ B cells were essentially non-cycling. To quantitate whole body BM cell production, the recovery of marrow from bone and the distribution of BM were measured in 59Fe distribution experiments. The number of cells produced by whole body BM was estimated as follows: for pre-B cells, 4.5 X 10(8)/day; for TdT+mu-, 0.7 X 10(8)/day; and for HIS24+TdT-Ig- 2.6 X 10(8)/day. From the derived cell flux in these compartments we suggest that 1) many more pre-B cells are produced than needed by the peripheral B cell pool; 2) if TdT is an obligatory stage in B cell genesis, there must be at least two cell cycles in the pre-B cell compartment; 3) if it is not, the TdT+ stage may be bypassed, with HIS24+TdT-Ig- cells perhaps feeding directly into the pre-B cell compartment.     

Oxygen transfer characteristics of the blood of reedfish, Erpetoichthys calabaricus

Oxygen transport characteristics and phosphate compounds were measured in the blood of reedfish, Erpetoichthys calabaricus, a bimodal breather. Blood from reedfish possessed the following values (mean +/- SD): hematocrit (21.7 +/- 0.4%), hemoglobin concentration (7.53 +/- 1.75 g%), red blood cell count (0.45 +/- 0.10 X 10(6)/mm3) and oxygen capacity (10.1 +/- 2.3 vol%). Although hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and oxygen capacity were all highly intercorrelated (P less than 0.01 in all cases), none of these parameters were significantly correlated with sex, weight or length in our sixteen fish sample. Erythrocyte volumes equalled 480 micrometers3, showed less variation (CV = 10.4%) and did not correlate with any other measured variable. Blood oxygen dissociation curves were sigmoidal and the P50's equalled 17.34 +/- 3.04 at 1% CO2 and 25 degrees C. Mean Bohr shift (delta log P50/delta pH) was -0.274 +/- 0.087. Temperature strongly influenced blood oxygen affinity. At 1% CO2, delta log P50/delta T equalled 0.026 +/- 0.006 (mean +/- SD). These hematological properties indicate that the blood of reedfish is similar to those of other tropical air-breathering species. Concentrations of total phosphate in the erythrocytes and percentage of total phosphate bound as nucleotide triphosphates were high. Surprisingly, 2,3diphosphoglycerate was found which has been reported in the erythrocytes of only two other fish species. Blood characteristics of reedfish exposed to air for 4 hr with one exception (Hill numbers) were not significantly different from water exposed controls. This suggests that the reedfish does not possess blood respiratory mechanisms to facilitate respiration solely by air-breathing.     

High blood triiodothyronine and the euthyroid state

A high excess of circulating T3 was observed in an euthyroid woman. Agarose gel electrophoresis of serum preincubated with 125I-T3 revealed an abnormal T3-binding in gamma-globulin zone. This binding interfered with the hormone radioimmunoassay. Immunological characterization identified this protein as an IgG-K and IgG-lambda polyclonal antibody that bound T3 but not T4. Scatchard analysis of 125I-T3 binding to the gamma-globulin fraction isolated showed a single class of binding sites with a high affinity Ka = 0.4 X 10(9) L/M and maximal binding capacity of 5.2 X 10(-9) M.     

Tissue accumulation of cadmium as a function of blood concentration

We have provided data relating Cd concentration in tissue to about a 40-fold range in blood Cd concentration. Osmotic pumps containing cadmium chloride were subcutaneously implanted in male New Zealand white rabbits. The pumps continuously delivered either 0.15 or 1.5 mg Cd/d. Blood and plasma levels of Cd were measured weekly throughout the study. After 28 d, the rabbits were killed and tissue concentrations of Cd determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Less than 10% of the total Cd in the blood was carried in the plasma, the remainder was associated with the blood cells, where it was bound mainly to metallothionein. We found the blood and tissue levels of Cd were correlated for each tissue we investigated. There was a wide range in affinity of the tissues for Cd; liver and kidney had the highest Cd uptake, whereas brain affinity was about 500 times less than liver.     

Haematological values during normal reproduction of the maternal and the fetal rabbit

1. Haematological values of non-pregnant/non-lactating, pregnant as well as lactating rabbits and 28-day-old fetuses were measured. 2. The haemoglobin content in does decreased during the observed periods from 122 +/- 8 g/l to 100 +/- 11 g/l. In 28-day-old fetuses it was 85 +/- 0 g/l. 3. The erythrocyte count in 28-day-old fetuses was 2.4 X 10(12)/l. In the does, the erythrocyte count was 5.2 X 10(12)/l in week 4 of gestation. The erythrocyte volume in fetuses was about 45% higher than that of the doe. 4. In fetuses the leucocyte count was approximately one ninth that of the mother in week 4 of gestation (0.41 +/- 0.08 X 10(9)/l vs 3.8 +/- 0.4 X 10(9)/l).     

Regulation of the number of Na+,K+-pump sites after mitogenic activation of lymphocytes

The early activation of Na+,K+-ATPase-mediated ion fluxes after concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation of pig lymphocytes is caused by an increase in intracellular Na+ concentration. A second mechanism of regulation of Na+,K+-ATPase activity becomes apparent between 3 and 5 h after mitogenic stimulation, but prior to onset of increase in cell volume; this consists of an increase (about 75%) in the number of ouabain-binding sites (from 35 X 10(3) +/- 12 X 10(3)/cell in resting to 60 X 10(3) +/- 27 X 10(3)/cell in activated lymphocytes). The increase in ouabain binding was attributed to an increase in the number of active Na+,K+-ATPase molecules, based on the following evidence: there was an increase in the Vmax of ouabain binding, without variation in the Km; the increase in ouabain binding was accompanied by a proportional increase in K+ influx, when the assay was performed in the presence of the Na+ ionophore monesin, which was used to eliminate the difference in intracellular Na+ concentration between resting and activated cells; there was proportionality between ouabain-inhibitable ATPase activity in permeabilized cells and the number of ouabain-binding sites in resting and activated lymphocytes. The ConA-induced increase in ouabain-binding sites was influenced neither by amiloride nor by incubation in low Na+ medium, under conditions which prevented both increase in intracellular Na+ concentration and K+ influx. Increase in intracellular Na+ concentration was ineffective in altering the number of active pump molecules in resting cells. During incubation with ConA, the presence of ouabain did not affect the increase in ouabain-binding sites; thus, regulation of the number of pump sites is independent of the regulation of their activity. The ConA-induced increase in number of ouabain-binding sites did not require protein synthesis; indeed, cycloheximide, anisomycin, and puromycin, under conditions in which they inhibited protein synthesis by by 95%, induced the increase to approximately the same extent as did ConA. This suggests the presence in resting lymphocytes of a rapidly turning over protein that either prevents the ATPase subunits from assembling or from integrating into the membrane.     

Circadian variation in the CSF cortisol concentration of the rhesus monkey

Cortisol concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the rhesus monkey were found to undergo a marked diurnal variation. Hourly samples of CSF from 4 adult male rhesus monkeys showed a mean peak cortisol concentration of 1.56 ± .29 μg% occuring between 0800–0900 hrs and a mean minimum concentration between 2200-0000 hrs of 0.21 ± .06 μg%. The mean daily CSF cortisol concentration increase was 900%, a greater variation than has been reported for plasma cortisol diurnal changes.     

Acid-base effects of altering plasma protein concentration in human blood in vitro

We altered the concentration of plasma proteins in human blood in vitro by adding solutions with [Na+], [K+], and [Cl-] resembling those in normal blood plasma, either protein-free or with a high concentration of human albumin. After equilibrating the samples with a gas containing 5% CO2-12% O2-83% N2 at 37 degrees C, we measured pH, PCO2, and PO2; in separated plasma, we determined the concentrations of total plasma proteins and albumin and of the completely dissociated electrolytes (strong cations Na+, K+, Mg2+ and anions Cl-, citrate3-). With PCO2 nearly constant (mean = 35.5 Torr; coefficient of variation = 0.02), lowering plasma protein concentration produced a metabolic alkalosis, whereas increasing plasma albumin concentration gave rise to a metabolic acidosis. These acid-base disturbances occurred independently of a minor variation in the balance between the sums of strong cations and anions. We quantified the dependence of several acid-base variables in plasma on albumin (or total protein) concentration. Normal plasma proteins are weak nonvolatile acids. Although their concentration is not regulated as part of acid-base homeostasis, hypoproteinemia and hyperalbuminemia per se produce alkalosis and acidosis, respectively.     

Analyses of sister-chromatid exchange and cell-cycle kinetics in mouse T- and B-lymphocytes from peripheral blood cultures

A reliable mouse peripheral blood lymphocyte culture assay has been developed for sister-chromatid exchange analysis. Crucial aspects for optimal mitogenesis include: (1) the addition of 5 X 10(5) leucocytes/ml culture; (2) the use of animals with leucocyte counts from 5 to 7 X 10(6)/ml; and (3) the addition of 6% mouse plasma for the first 24 h of a total 54-h incubation. When 7 micrograms phytohemagglutinin/ml were used to stimulate T-lymphocytes, the mitotic index was 3.4 +/- 0.3%, 28 +/- 2.3% of the metaphases were in first-division, and the SCE frequency/metaphase was 7.3 +/- 0.2 (n = 14 mice). When B-lymphocytes were stimulated with 60 micrograms lipopolysaccharide/ml, the mitotic index was 4.5 +/- 0.3%, 64 +/- 3.3% of the metaphases were in first-division, and the SCE frequency/metaphase was 4.6 +/- 0.1 (n = 7 mice). This culture method consistently yields sufficient numbers of metaphases from both B- and T-lymphocytes for SCE and chromosome-breakage studies.     

Glutathione concentration and peptidase activity in the lens after exposure to microwaves

This study was undertaken for observation of early changes in glutathione concentration and the activity of carboxypeptidase A and aminopeptidase in the cortex and core of the lens as well as for determination of the cumulating effect of microwave energy after repeated exposures to microwaves. Experiments were carried out on New Zealand rabbits. The control group was compared to experimental groups exposed every day for 5 minutes to microwave irradiation of the eyeballs at power densities of 5 X 10(-3) W/cm2 and 10 X 10(-3) W/cm2 during 10, 20 and 30 days. Differences were found between the control group and the groups of animals exposed to microwaves in which the glutathione concentration in the cortex and core of the lens was decreasing with time in proportion to the number of exposures. Parallelly to the number of days of exposure to microwaves the enzymatic activity of carboxypeptidase A and aminopeptidase increased in the cortex of the lens. The observed changes demonstrate cumulation of the absorbed microwave energy leading to changes in the permeability of the capsule and membranes of lenticular fibres which lead to secondary metabolic disturbances in the lens of the eye.     

Changes in blood metabolite concentrations in response to repeated capture,anaesthesia and blood sampling in the golden perch,Macquaria ambigua

• 1.1. The major metabolic changes associated with repeated capture, aquarium transfer, anaesthesia and blood sampling were investigated in an Australian freshwater fish, the golden perch (Macquaria ambigua),
• 2.2. A compounded stress response was seen after repetition of the procedure, in which the plasma glucose rose within 3 hr and amino acid concentrations rose and the serum free fatty acids concentration fell after 24 hr.
• 3.3. Alanine was identified as an important circulating energy store in the stress response of golden perch.
• 4.4. No change was noted in the serum protein, plasma lactate or β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, indicating that tissue damage and hypoxia were absent, and that degradation of free fatty acids did not produce metabolites excess to the requirements of gluconeogenesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

     

The concentrations of free Mg2+ and free Zn2+ in equine blood plasma

The enzyme phosphoglucomutase can be used as a metal ion indicator to measure the concentrations of free Mg2+ and free Zn2+ in physiological fluids. In horse plasma, the concentration of free Mg2+ is close to 0.5 mM, whereas that of free Zn2+ is about 2 X 10(-10) M, although numerous physiological roles for Zn2+ have been postulated that would require free Zn2+ concentration orders of magnitude higher than this. A titration of plasma with Zn2+ shows that the fractional increase in free Zn2+ is essentially the same as the fractional increase in total exchangeable Zn2+, and the results are consistent with a model in which essentially all of the Zn2+ in plasma is bound to albumin. Regardless of the model, the buffering capacity of plasma for free Zn2+ is intrinsically low; however, its capacity relative to the total (exchangeable) Zn2+ present is maximal. The implications of this type of buffering for homeostasis of plasma Zn2+ are considered. Treatment of plasma with a strong reducing agent such as dithiothreitol (0.1 mM) substantially increases the apparent binding of Zn2+ and thus reduces the free Zn2+ concentration. However, the concentration of free Zn2+ appears to be insensitive to decreases in the physiological concentrations of reduced glutathione and cysteine. The concentrations of free Zn2+ and free Mg2+ in plasma are similar to those that have been reported for muscle tissue (rabbit). Their ratio is about 4 X 10(-7). The physiological implications of these concentrations are considered. In some cases, if the Zn2+ and Mg2+ complexes of an uncharacterized vertebrate protein exhibit significantly different properties, their relative importance under physiological conditions can be approximated by evaluating those of the mixed complexes present in a solution that contains the physiological concentration of free Mg2+, plus Zn2+ buffered with histidine, at the appropriate pH and ionic strength. Other metal ion/chelon systems that come close to reproducing the concentrations of free Mg2+ and free Zn2+ in horse plasma also are considered.     

Interrelationships of vitamin D,bone metabolism and blood calcium concentration in the chick

It is not known if the effects of vitamin D deficiency on chick bone are due to direct actions of the vitamin or if they are secondary to other changes, such as hypocalcemia. Day-old cockerels were fed either a rachitogenic diet containing no Ca (−D-Ca), 1.4% Ca (−D), or 3% Ca (−DHiCa) and given corn oil (−D groups) or vitamin D₃ in corn oil (+D and + D-Ca) p.o. for up to 21 days. Radii were harvested and incubated for 6–8 h in a defined medium. Medium samples were taken every 2 h and analysed for Ca, P₁ and lactate. Some bones were incubated in a respirometer to measure O₂ consumption. Compared to +D, −D birds showed evidence of D deficiency by decreased plasma Ca concentration (33%), bone and body weight (43%) and Ca release from bone (70%) and by histological changes in bone characteristic of rickets. Increases were seen in total and bone alkaline phosphatase activity in plasma (270 and 706%, respectively), P_i release (23%), O₂ consumption (23%) and lactate production (52%) by the −D radii. The marked hypocalcemia seen in the −D chicks did not occur in −DHiCa birds. Nevertheless, bone and body weights were decreased in this group and bone lactate production, O₂ consumption and total and bone alkaline phosphatase in plasma were increased. Rachitic bone lesions were only partially corrected by the high-Ca diet. Release of Ca and P_i from the −DHiCa bone? was not different than from +D radii. Comparing +D-Ca and −D-Ca groups with +D chicks, both were hypocalcemic with decreased bone weight, body weight and bone Ca release, while showing elevated lactate production and P_i release. The only difference between the +D-Ca and −D-Ca groups was a 50% decrease in Ca release by −D-Ca bone. The results suggest that in chicks: (1) some, but not all, of the effects of vitamin D deficiency on bone can be corrected by normalizing plasma Ca and (2) evaluation of the effects of vitamin D deficiency on bone may require hypocalcemia, since some responses are masked by normocalcemia.     

Effects of dehydration and rehydration on the intravascular space in horses

• 1.1. The resistance of sub-tropical horses, and desert-dwelling horses to 72 hr dehydration/24 hr rehydration was investigated via changes in red cell parameters and plasma protein concentration.
• 2.2. Red cell count, haemoglobin and haematocrit increased up to 48 hr dehydration. Between 48 and 72 hr dehydration these parameters decreased, implying a fluid shift onto the intravascular space from the interstitium/hindgut. Most parameters had regained baseline values by 24 hr rehydration.
• 3.3. Mean cell volume, mean cell haemoglobin, mean cell haemoglobin concentration and total plasma protein were not significantly different between breeds at, or between most stages of hydration.
• 4.4. Protection of plasma volume during dehydration/rehydration was aided by maintaining intravascular protein (especially albumin) levels. Red cells were transiently dehydrated and overhydrated but resisted osmolysis.

     

Changes in the blood of Wistar rats in acute poisoning with ethanol and acetaldehyde

1. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the erythrocyte and leucocyte system of Wistar rats. 2. Administration of the ethanol or acetaldehyde caused a considerable drop in the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin level and haematocrit value in rats. 3. The mean erythrocyte volume was smaller after only 0.5 hr of exposure to ethyl alcohol. 4. The solutions used caused changes in the leucocyte system expressed in distinct neutrophilic leucocytosis. 5. Changes in the leucogram were reflected in the increase in the leucocyte index. 6. The degree of intensity of changes in both the erythrocyte and leucocyte system point to the greater toxicity of ethyl alcohol intoxication than is the case of acetaldehyde in a toxically corresponding dose (i.e. 0.5 and 5 g/kg body wt respectively).     

Pharmacokinetics of triclabendazole in rabbits

1.Pharmacokinetic profiles of triclabendazole (TCBZ) following intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration of the drug in rabbits were carried out.2. In normal rabbits, TCBZ was metabolized rapidly to its sulphoxide (TCBZ-SO) and sulphone (TCBZ-SO₂) derivatives following administration, with undetectable concentrations of unchanged TCBZ in the plasma of the treated animals at any time (detection limit, 10 ng/ml).3. The disposition kinetics of this drug in rabbits can be described by a two-compartment open model.4. Mean peak concentrations in plasma of TCBZ-SO and TCBZ-SO₂ of 12.41 μg/ml and 9.5 μg/ml occurred 7.5 and 9.5 hr after oral administration, respectively.5. Both metabolites were eliminated slowly from plasma with elimination half-lives of 16.86 hr for the sulphoxide and 13 hr for the sulphone.6. The area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) was 240 mg hr/l for the sulphoxide, higher than that found for the sulphone, 185 g hr/l.     

A single high-cholesterol, high-fat meal preferentially increases low molecular weight apolipoprotein B concentration in rat plasma

Rats were fed either rat chow (control), chow + 20% olive oil (olive oil), or chow + 20% olive oil + 2% cholesterol (olive oil/cholesterol) as a single meal to study the short-term effects of fat and the above combination of fat/cholesterol-containing diets on plasma apoB concentration and its influence on the distribution of apoB subspecies. Rats were given their meals and allowed to consume them ad libitum until they were killed, 3 hr or 9 hr afterwards. Three hours after feeding, serum triglyceride concentrations were increased to the same extent in both the olive oil and olive oil/cholesterol-fed rats as compared with concentrations in control rats, but serum apoB concentrations did not differ among the groups. Nine hours after feeding, serum triglyceride concentrations were still equally elevated in both experimental groups; however, in the olive oil/cholesterol-fed rats, total serum apoB as well as total serum cholesterol were increased above both the control and olive oil groups. In addition, the d less than 1.21 g/ml lipoprotein apoBl/apoBh ratio of the olive oil/cholesterol-fed rats was greatly increased at 9 hr, whereas apoBl/apoBh ratio in the d less than 1.21 g/ml fraction of the olive oil group was unchanged, despite the increase in plasma triglyceride concentration. In the olive oil/cholesterol-fed rats at 9 hr, cholesterol, total apoB, apoBl, and apoBh of both VLDL and IDL were greater than in the control or olive oil rats. In d less than 1.21 g/ml lipoproteins, VLDL, and IDL, the increases in apoBl concentrations were of a greater magnitude than the increases in apoBh.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)