湖南省蚋属纺蚋亚属三新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

首次记述采自湖南省3个不同代表地区的蚋属纺蚋亚属Simulium(Nevermannia)3新种,即隶属于宽足蚋组vernum-group的郴州纺蚋S.(N)chenzhouense sp.nov、张家界纺蚋S.(N.)zhangjiajiense sp.nov.和隶属费蚋组feuerborni-group的王仙纺蚋S.(N.)wangxianense sp.nov,分别以其产地命名,并对其不同虫期进行了形态描述和分类讨论.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.     

四川省蚋属纺蚋亚属一新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

泸定纺蚋,新种Simulium(Nevermannia)ludingense sp.nov.(Figs.1-17)根据雄虫尾器和蛹呼吸丝特征,新种应隶属于纺蚋亚属的宽足蚋组uernum-group.新种的主要特征是幼虫后腹节具附骨,这一特征在该组见于报告者仅有5种,即产自我国台湾的S.(N.)yushangense、湖南的S.(N.)zhangjiajiense和贵州的S.(N.)qinshuiense、菲律宾的S.(N.)aberrans以及马来西亚的S.(N.)caudisclerum.但新种蛹茧无前背突可与S.(N.)yushangense、S.(N.)qingshuiense、S.(N.)zhangjiajiense和S.(N.)caudisclerum相区别;其雄性生殖腹板呈半圆形以及幼虫上颚缘齿无附齿列可与S.(N.)caudisclerum相区别.正模♀,副模7♀♀,5♂♂,12蛹,5幼虫,2003-09-19,采自泸定县药王庙小溪水草.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.     

广西绳蚋二新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述广西壮族自治区蚋属绳蚋亚属2新种,元宝山绳蚋S.(G.)yuanbaoshanense sp.nov.和龙胜绳蚋S.(G.)longshengense sp.nov.,二者均以采集地命名.模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室.元宝山绳蚋,新种S.( G.)yuanbaoshanense sp.nov.(图1～14)新种雄虫后足基跗节不膨胀,两侧平行,隶属于巴托绳蚋组batoense group.与报道自爪哇的巴托绳蚋S.(G.)batoense Edwards和产自我国的金鞭绳蚋S.(G.)jinbianense Zhang and Chen近缘.但新种依其雄虫尾器的形状、蛹呼吸丝的分支情况及幼虫后颊裂端圆等特征与前者有明显的差异.而股、胫节无鳞状毛、胫节无亚基黑环及雌虫生殖叉突后臂无侧突,可与后者相区别.正模♀,副模2(♂)(♂),7蛹,3幼虫,均采自广西元宝山溪流水草中.龙胜绳蚋,新种S.(G.)longshengense sp.nov.(图15～27)根据新种雄虫后基跗节不膨胀,也隶属于绳蚋亚属的batoense组(Takaoka and Davies,1995,1996).与报道自中国的海南绳蚋S.(G.)hainananse Long and An近似.二者蛹的特征几乎无区别,但新种雄虫生殖肢端节和腹板的形状,各足股节具暗色鳞状毛;幼虫后颊裂端圆,腹节无暗色分支毛,可资鉴别.正模♀,副模3蛹,1幼虫采自广西龙胜县三门山溪背阳水草中;3蛹,1幼虫采自广西十万大山小溪水草中.     

贵州蚋属一新种记述(双翅目：蚋科)

记述采自贵州省雷公山的蚋属指名亚属Simulium(Simulium)一新种。根据其雌性生殖叉突的形态特征命名为钩突纳S.(S.)uncum sp.nov.,描述其形态特征并进行了分类讨论。模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室。     

中国贵州宽阔水自然保护区蚋相初报及三新种描述(双翅目,蚋科)(英文)

首次记载贵州省宽阔水自然保护区蚋科Simuliidae14种,并记述其中3新种,包括遵义蚋Simulium(Simulium)zunyiense sp.nov.和新尖板蚋Simulium(Simulium)neoacontum sp.nov.以及隶属于山蚋亚属Simulium(Montisimulium)的离板山蚋Simulium(Montisimulium)separatum sp.nov.。模式标本存放于贵阳医学院生物学教研室。遵义蚋,新种S.(S.)zunyiense sp.nov.(图1～13)隶属于蚋亚属杂色蚋组variegatum group,与本组已知近缘种主要区别在雄尾结构,如生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状特殊。正模♂,贵州遵义市宽阔水自然保护区(28°12’N,107°18’E;海拔1483m),2010-09-20,修江帆,陈黔采。词源:新种种名源自模式产地。新尖板蚋,新种S.(S.)neoacontum sp.nov.(图14～19)隶属于蚋亚属淡足蚋组malyschevi group,与尖板蚋S.(S.)acontum Clen et al.,近似,但雄虫生殖肢端节,生殖腹板和中骨的形状迥异,此外,其呼吸丝排列方式也有明显差异。正模♂,贵州宽阔水自然保护区让水(28°17’N,107°08’E;海拔682m),2010-08-13,修江帆采。词源:新种种名源自其形态极似尖板蚋S.(S.)acontum,冠以"neo"以示区别。离板山蚋,新种S.(Montisimulium)separatum sp.nov.(图20～28)隶属于山蚋亚属Subgenus Montimulium与绒丝山蚋S.(M.)nemoriragum(Datta,1973)近似,主要区别是雌虫生殖板内缘远离,蛹呼吸丝背对具短茎。此外,幼虫头扇毛和肛鳃次生叶数目也有明显差异。正模♀,贵州宽阔水自然保护区大洞(28°12’N,107°18’E;海拔1483m),2010-08-20,修江帆,陈黔采。词源:新种种名源自其雌虫生殖板内缘分离。     

四川省山蚋亚属一新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

继作者于2005年首次发现并记述四川省山蚋亚属二新种之后,报道四川省山蚋亚属另1新种,Simulium (Montisimulium)jiajinshanense sp.nov.(夹金山山蚋).本新种与报告自中国的S.(M.)tibetense Deng et al.,1993(西藏山蚋)and S.(M.)moxiense Chen et al.,2005(磨西山蚋),阿塞拜疆的S.(M.)assadovi(Djafarav,1956),亚美尼亚的S.(M.)litshkense(Rubtsov,1947),哈萨克斯坦的S.(M.)quattuordecimfiatliatum(Rubtsov,1947)和塔吉克斯坦的S.(M.)quattuordecimfilum Rubtsov,1947相似,均具14条呼吸丝,但新种可依据食窦弓具中突,两性生殖器的特殊形态,茧简单和呼吸丝特殊分枝等综合特征和上述近缘种相区别.     

湖南省蚋属绳蚋亚属二新种记述(双翅目,蚋科)

记述采自湖南省张家界国家森林公园的蚋属Simulium绳蚋亚属Gomphostilbia 2新种,即金鞭绳蚋S.(G.)jinbianense sp.nov,湖南绳蚋S.(G.)hunaiense sp.nov,二者分别以其产地命名.前者主要鉴别特征是两性胫节均具亚基黑环,而后者的雄性后足基跗节呈纺锤形.除对不同虫期作了形态描述外还提供了有关特征图.     

海南岛蚋类研究I绳蚋三新种记述（双翅目：蚋科）

记述采自海南岛尖蜂岭和五指山的蚋属绳蚋亚属Simulium(Gomphostilbia )3新种,即曲端绳蚋S.(G.)curvastylum sp.nov.,黑股绳蚋S.(G.)nigrofemoralum sp.nov.和膨股绳蚋S.(G)tumum sp.nov.。分别对其成虫和幼期作形态描述并与其近缘种比较作分类讨论。     

海南岛蚋类研究Ⅰ绳蚋三新种记述(双翅目:蚋科)

记述采自海南岛尖峰岭和五指山的蚋属绳蚋亚属Simulium(Gomphostilbia)3新种,即曲端绳蚋S.(G.)curvastylum sp.nov.,黑股绳蚋S.(G.)nigrofemoralum sp.nov.和膨股绳蚋S.(G.)tumum sp.nov..分别对其成虫和幼期作形态描述并与其近缘种比较作分类讨论.     

四川山蚋亚属一新种(双翅目,蚋科)

记述采自四川黑水县卡龙沟蚋科1新种,新种与泰山山蚋S.(M.)taishanense、林芝山蚋S.(M.)finzhiense、线丝山蚋s.(M.)nemorivagum和塔吉克山蚋s.(M.)kirgisorum近似,均具简单的蛹茧和12条呼吸丝,排列为2,3,3,4,但可依其蛹呼吸丝具极短的初级茎和次级茎,雄性生殖腹板侧缘具亚中突起等特征加以区别.     

On the Knowledge of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) and Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) marginalis (Reitter, 1894) (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae)

Entomological Review - The type and other extensive material of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) and some of its synonyms was examined. Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) marginalis...     

Electronic structures of collagen model polymers: (Gly-Pro)n, (Gly-Hyp)n, (Ala-Pro)n, (Ala-Hyp)n, (Gly-Pro-Gly)n, (Gly-Hyp-Gly)n, (Gly-Pro-Pro)n, and (Gly-Pro-Hyp)n

In order to investigate the relationship existing between the electronic structures of collagen and its biochemical functions in vivo, the semiempirical CNDO/2 SCF MO calculations were carried out on several model polymers of collagen, (Gly-Pro)_n, (Gly-Hyp)_n, (Ala-Pro)_n, (Ala-Hyp)_n, (Gly-Pro-Gly)_n, (Gly-Hyp-Gly)_n, (Gly-Pro-Pro)_n and (Gly-Pro-Hyp)_n. Geometries of the skeleton of these polymers were assumed to be the same as those of poly(l-proline) I (cis) and II (trans) and the calculations were performed only on infinite polymers in a single chain. The results show that the cis form is always more stable than the trans form for all the polymers treated. This energy difference between the cis and trans forms depends, for example, on the kind of amino acid residue, Gly or Ala, but this could not be seen in the Pro or Hyp residue. The flexibility or mobility of the collagen structure was explained using the energy difference between the cis and trans forms of the polymers, i.e. the cis-trans conversion of the collagen was discussed in connection with the energy difference. The reason why the collagen has the constitution of (Gly-Pro-Hyp)_n is briefly discussed.     

On the Synonymy of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae)

Entomological Review - The type material of several synonyms of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) is revised. Both Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) striatipennis (Eppelsheim, 1894) and...     

Genetic polymorphism (ABO, Rh, Kell) in Kabul (Afghanistan)

ABO, rhesus and Kell blood group data on 1327 donors in Kabul are analysed by ethnic affinity and compared with existing data on Afghanistan peoples. Blood group frequencies are very similar in Pushtu and Tadjik, despite their different historical, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds. Inclusion of the small sample of Hazara in the analysis shows overall heterogeneity in rhesus D, E, and e frequencies, suggesting the existence of a broader pattern of genetic variation among the peoples of Afghanistan.     

Spermiogenesis in Anaspides tasmaniae (Thomson) (Crustacea,Malacostraca, Syncarida)

Spermiogenesis of the syncarid Anaspides tasmaniae (subclass Eumalacostraca) was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The spermatozoan of Anaspides is an ovoid cell with an acrosome covering the anterior pole and a lobulated nucleus and mitochondria occupying the rest of the cell. A long subacrosomal filament bypasses the nucleus and forms a spiral that supports a thin extension of the posterior cytoplasm, giving the spermatozoan a bell-shaped appearance. No flagellum is present at any stage. The immobile spermatozoans are embedded in a hard capsule, secreted by the cells of the wall of the vas deferens.     

Ecomorphology ofCrassostrea cucullata (Born, 1778) (Ostreidae) in a mangrove creek (Gazi,Kenya)

Variations of shell form and shell length were studied for oysters growing in the mangroves of Gazi Creek, Kenya, and related to different environmental factors.For the study of the form, Fourier analysis was performed on the circumference of 85 oysters. The resulting coefficients were compared among specimens using cluster analysis. The correspondence between this classification and substrate diameter is virtually perfect (only one misclassification out of 85 oysters). For the clusters based on height above chart datum, 9 specimens, all on intermediate height levels, were misclassified. Orientation with respect to tidal current had 13 misclassifications. Mangrove species seemed to influence form only marginally, if at all.In the study of the size ofCrassostrea cucullata, the length of 956 oysters, growing along two transects were measured, and correlated with several environmental factors. Oyster length was not related to substrate diameter or its orientation with respect to the main current. Length was not influenced by density up to a cover of 70%. For densities higher than 70%, there was a fairly strong negative correlation (r ² = 0.634,n = 217). Length was not correlated with height above bottom (base of the tree) for heights lower than 20 cm, while oysters growing closer to the bottom were smaller. The correlation with height above chart datum was negative but very low (r ² = 0.060,n = 957). However, if all measurements of oysters closer than 20 cm to the bottom, and all from a density of more than 70% cover are deleted from the data set, the correlation with height increased dramatically, the slope still being negative (r ² = 0.859,n = 543).     

Molecular-Mechanical studies of the mismatched base analogs of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2:d(CGTGAATTCGCG)2, d(CGAGAATTCGCG)2, d(CGCGAATTCACG)2, d(CGCGAATTCTCG)2, and d(CGCAGAATTCGCG)·d(CGCGAATTCGCG)

Molecular-mechanical simulations have been carried out on “mismatched base” analogs of the DNA double-helical structure d(CGCGAATTCGCG)₂, in which the base pairs CG at the 3 and 10 positions have been replaced by CA, AG, TC, and TG base pairs, as well as an insertion analog in which an extra adenine has been incorporated into one strand of the above structure between bases 3 and 4. The results of these simulations (calculated relative stabilities, structures, and nmr ring-current shifts) have been compared with calorimetric and nmr data. The calculated relative stabilities of the double-helical parent dodecamer and the various “wobble” base pairs qualitatively correlate with the experimental melting temperatures. The base-pairing structure for the GT wobble pair is in agreement with that previously determined from nmr experiments. For the GA base pair, the structure with both bases anti has a slightly more favorable energy from base pairing and stacking than a structure with non-Watson-Crick H-bonding with adenine syn, in agreement with nmr experiments. The CA wobble base is calculated to favor an adenine 6NH₂ …? cytosine N3 H-bond over cytosine 4NH₂ …? adenine N1, again, in agreement with nmr experiments. There is no definitive experimental data on the TC base pair, but the existence of (somewhat long and weak) H-bonds involving cytosine 4NH₂ …? thymine 4CO and cytosine N3 …? thymine HN3 seems reasonable. We find a structure in which the extra adenine base of the insertion analogs sits “inside” the double helix.