Biology and fertility life table of the greenbug,Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the resistant winter wheat cultivar (Pishgam) in Iran

The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) has been known as a major pest of small grains, particularly wheat, worldwide. In this study, the effect of new wheat cultivar (Pishgam) for cold regions on biological characteristics of greenbug was investigated in a greenhouse at 25 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 10% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L:D). The raw data were analysed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table. The intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate of increase (λ), the net reproduction rate (R₀) and the mean generation time (T) of greenbug were 0.313 ± 0.0019, 1.36 ± 0.0027 females/female/day, 83.33 ± 0.331 females/female and 14.11 ± 0.09 days, respectively. The life expectancy of a nymph is 43.57 days. The maximum reproductive value of females is on the 16th day which coincides with the total pre-reproduction period counted from birth. Hence, the present results may provide helpful information for comprehensive IPM programme of greenbug on this variety in cold regions of Iran. Result revealed that nymphal survival rate of the aphid was 100% on studied cultivar like that on sensitive host plant cultivar.     

Foraging habitats of Myotis emarginatus in Central Europe

We radio-tracked Myotis emarginatus in Upper Bavaria, Germany to identify the key-foraging habitats and to enable an adequate habitat management for this endangered species. The studied females foraged at a distance of up to 8.1 km around their colony roost. The average distance of the foraging area was 3.7 km, where 70% of foraging areas were located within a distance of 5 km and 90% within 6 km of the nurseries. Moreover, these bats spent about 75% of their foraging time within 5 km and 85% within a 6-km radius. To reach the foraging areas, the bats usually used riparian woodlands, hedges and tree lines as flight paths. Specifically, 46.9% of the foraging areas were located in forests, 24.5% in cow sheds, 18.4% in riparian woodlands along streams and 10.2% in fields, villages, orchards, hedges and groves on open land. On average, the bats foraged in forests for 56.2% of the time, during which habitat allocation was possible. In cow sheds the percentage was 29.2%, in riparian deciduous woodland 11.5% and in the other habitats 3.1%. Within forests M. emarginatus avoided foraging in spruce monocultures. Pure stands of spruce covered 45% of the total forest area, but only 10% of the foraging areas were located in this forest type. Deciduous forests on the other hand were much more common as foraging sites (40% versus 11%). Therefore, the availability of native deciduous forest and of fly-infested stables within a radius of 6 km around the colony roosts should be the focus of conservation concepts for M. emarginatus.     

Rendiconto Finanziario della Societá Botanica Italiana

Nomenclatural notes on the aggregate Polycarpon tetraphyllum (Caryophyllaceae) are discussed. The names Hagaea alsinifolia, H. polycarpoides, Poycarpon colomense, P. diphyllum, and P. floribundum are typified, respectively, on an iconography by Boccone (lectotype), and specimens preserved in PAL (neotype), JE (lectotype), MA (Herbarium Cavanilles, lectotype), and COI (Herbarium Willkomm, lectotype). For the nomenclatural purposes, the names P. bivonae (nom. nov. pro P. polycarpoides), P. herniarioides (holotype in K), P. peploides (nom. superfl.etnom. illeg. according to the Arts. 52.1 and 52.2 of the ICN), P. polycarpoides subsp. catalaunicum (holotype in BC), and P. rotundifolium (holotype in LY-Herbarium Rouy) are also discussed. P. floribundum is a heterotipic synonym of P. tetraphyllum s.s. A new synonym (P. tetraphyllum = P. rotundifolium) and three new combinations (P. tetraphyllum subsp. colomense, P. tetraphyllum subsp. herniarioides and P. tetraphyllum subsp. catalunicum) are proposed according to the current concept in Polycarpon.     

苦苣苔科植物学名种加词的问题

苦苣苔科植物是个研究活跃的类群,近年来随着新类群的报道和分类系统的变动,在该科的分类学研究中,出现了不少学名的种加词的性和属名不一致或出现拼写错误的情况,虽然这些错误不影响该名称的合格发表,但还是有必要根据《国际藻类、菌物和植物命名法规》进行改正。该文就苦苣苔科植物中属名以-stigma结尾的学名、属名以-cheilos结尾的学名、根据属名词尾不容易判断出性别的学名、拼写错误的名称等问题进行了分析,并对13个不符合法规的名称予以改正。此外,还就苦苣苔科植物学名的合格发表和规范使用进行了讨论。     

Allocation pattern,ion partitioning,and chlorophyll a fluorescence in Arundo donax L. in responses to salinity stress

Biometric and physiological analyses of salt stress responses were performed in two time-course experiments on giant reed (Arundo donax L). Experiment I evaluated biomass production in plants exposed to 128, 256, 512 mM NaCl for 84 days. For Experiment II, plants grown under 256 mM NaCl were further assessed for chlorophyll a fluorescence, ionic partitioning, and proline content at 14 and 49 days after treatment (DAT). Biomass allocation was affected with all the concentrations of NaCl used from 28 DAT onward. Proline biosynthesis in leaves was more stimulated than that in roots after salt stress. Photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was not affected by salt stress up to 42 DAT, while 49 DAT plants exhibited a significant reduction of both potential (Φ_PSII) and maximal (F_v/F_m) PSII quantum yield. A. donax resulted a moderately sensitive species in response to 256 and 512 mM NaCl, concentrations that are however higher than that commonly found in most marginal lands (such as 128 mM or lower), where the biomass yield is appreciable, especially in short-term cultivation (56 DAT here). Altogether, this study indicates that A. donax can be considered as a promising and valuable energy crop for exploiting the Mediterranean marginal land.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from three cryptic species of Ceratosolen emarginatus

From an enriched (AG)_n/(AC)_n library, we developed nine polymorphic microsatellite loci for three cryptic species of the fig‐pollinating wasp Ceratosolen emarginatus. We genotyped one population for each of the three cryptic species across all the nine loci. In total, 204 alleles were detected from the three cryptic species of C. emarginatus. The observed heterozygosity was 0.755 ± 0.034, 0.653 ± 0.030 and 0.603 ± 0.073 in C. emarginatus populations A, B and C, respectively; the expected heterozygosity was 0.850 ± 0.031, 0.724 ± 0.035 and 0.702 ± 0.104, respectively. No linkage disequilibrium was found between any two loci of all three cryptic species. The newly isolated microsatellite markers will be very useful for estimating the genetic variation within and among the cryptic species and for revealing the mechanisms of speciation and inbreeding coexistence hypothesis of the cryptic species.     

Comparison of development and demographic parameters of Diuraphis noxia (Hem., Aphididae) and its parasitoid,Diaeretiella rapae (Hym., Braconidae: Aphidiinae)

Demographic parameters of Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) and its parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) were investigated under laboratory conditions at temperatures of 20 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity of 60 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (light: dark) hours. The survival rates (l_x ) and the life expectancy (e_x ) at the beginning of adult emergence were 86% and 25.81 days for D. noxia and 100% and 7.36 days for D. rapae, respectively. Based on the Weibull distribution parameters, the survival curves were type I for both D. noxia and D. rapae, which indicates that mortality mostly occurred in older stages. The r _m-values in aphid and parasitoid were obtained as 0.22 ± 0.002 and 0.19 ± 0.003 day^?1, respectively. Mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were 15.93 ± 0.202 and 3.15 ± 0.031 days for the aphid and 15.33 ± 0.071 and 3.67 ± 0.054 days for the parasitoid, respectively. The R₀ -values of D. noxia and D. rapae were evaluated 33.19 ± 0.961 and 18.07 ± 0.761 females/female/generation, respectively. The gross and net fecundity rates were 59.21 ± 1.94 and 32.825 ± 0.972 nymphs/female/day for the aphid and 37.59 ± 1.46, and 33.8 ± 1.51 eggs/female/day for the parasitoid, respectively. The results of this research indicated that D. rapae is an adequate parasitoid for control of Russian wheat aphid.     

A method for year-round rearing of cuckoo bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Bombus subgenus Psithyrus)

Summary. The study of the social interactions between host bumblebees and their inquiline species requires rearing them. Here we provide a simple method for rearing of cuckoo bumblebees (Bombus subgenus Psithyrus) in the laboratory. Two bumblebee cuckoo-host systems are used: Bombus (Psithyrus) vestalis hosted by B. (Bombus) terrestris and B. (Psithyrus) sylvestris hosted by B. (Pyrobombus) pratorum. First, the invasion of the Psithyrus female is performed in species-specific host colonies containing approximately 10 young workers. On average, a parasitized colony of B. terrestris produced 90 ± 9 young males and 21 ± 3 young females of B. vestalis, whereas a parasitized colony of B. pratorum produced 16 ± 2 young males and 5 ± 1 young females of B. sylvestris. One week after emergence, Psithyrus virgin females are placed in a flight cage exposed to natural light, with Psithyrus males of other colonies. After successful mating, the females are isolated and overwintered in a cold room at 4°C for 2–4 months. This method enables a year-round and mass breeding of Psithyrus species to facilitate studies of these rare species.     

Associations of A-FABP and H-FABP Markers with the Content of Intramuscular Fat in Beijing-You Chicken

This study has assessed the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) identified in the adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) genes with the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) in a population of male Beijing-You chickens. A previously described SNP in the chicken A-FABP gene had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on IMF content. Chickens inheriting the homozygous BB genotype at A-FABP had a significantly higher content of IMF in thigh muscles and breast muscles than did those inheriting the AA and AB genotypes. A novel SNP, identified here, in the H-FABP gene was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with IMF content in thigh and breast muscle. Chickens inheriting the genotypes of DD and CD had much higher content of IMF than those inheriting the homozygous genotype of CC. Markers at the A-FABP and H-FABP genes were associated with IMF content in the studied population. Chickens inheriting the BB genotype at A-FABP, along with the CD genotype at H-FABP, produced muscles with a much higher content of IMF when compared with all other genotypes. A weak interaction between A-FABP and H-FABP was detected (P < 0.09) for IMF content in the tested population. The statistical significance of interaction is tentative because of the limited number of observations for some genotypic combinations. Markers identified within the A-FABP and H-FABP genes are suitable for future use in identifying chickens with the genetic potential to produce more desirable muscle with higher IMF content, at least in the population of Beijing-You male chickens.     

Rate of metabolism in the smallest simian primate,the pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea)

Rate of metabolism was measured with six adult pygmy marmosets (Cebuella pygmaea) at regulated ambient temperatures ranging between 20°C and 35°C. A novel combined nest box and metabolic chamber was designed to allow nighttime measurements on immobile animals in their home cage without disturbance. The basal rate of metabolism (BMR) was 98 ml O₂ h⁻¹, representing 74% of the value expected from the equation of McNab [Quarterly Review of Biology 63:25–54, 1988] relative to body mass. The thermoneutral zone was approximately 27–34°C. Below the lower critical temperature (27–28°C), thermal conductance (12.9 ml O₂ h⁻¹ °C⁻¹) was close to the predicted value. Body temperature ranged between 34.9°C and 35.5°C at night. When two animals rested together overnight in the nest box, the lower critical temperature was slightly lowered, and individual energy expenditure at 20–21°C was reduced by about 34%. The basal rate of metabolism of C. pygmaea is much lower than reported in an earlier study based on daytime measurements but agrees with values reported from a more recent study conducted at night with a classical metabolic chamber. In order to compare the BMR of C. pygmaea with that of other primates, 23 species were included in a comparative study taking into account both phylogeny and body mass (independent contrasts approach). The scaling exponent of BMR to body mass obtained was indistinguishable from that published for eutherian mammals in general. Cebuella and Callithrix exhibit the lowest basal rates known for simians. This trait may possibly be linked to the natural diet, which includes a large proportion of gums that are difficult to digest, but additional metabolic studies on primates are needed for further examination of its adaptive significance. Am. J. Primatol. 41:229–245, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Egg-shells in mites

Summary This communication presents results of studies on the formation and structure of the vitelline envelopes in three species of mites: Euryparasitus emarginatus (Gamasida), Erythraeus phalangoides (Actinedida), and Hafenrefferia gilvipes (Oribatida). In E. emarginatus and E. phalangoides, in which the oocytes are not covered with follicular cells, the material of the vitelline envelope appears first in vesicles under the surface of the oocytes prior to secretion by exocytosis. The formed vitelline envelope is built of a homogeneous material which is perforated by numerous channels containing oocyte microvilli. Later, as the microvilli are retracted, the channels disappear. In both of these species the formed vitelline envelope is incomplete and the micropylar orifice occurs as a transitional structure.In H. gilvipes follicular cells encircling the oocyte contain granules filled with material that is subsequently secreted into the perivitelline space forming the vitelline envelope on the oocyte surface. The inner layer of the vitelline envelope is granular, whereas the outer part is more homogeneous. Both lack channels containing microvilli and micropyle.     

Biomechanical properties of the pelvic floor muscles of continent and incontinent women using an inverse finite element analysis

Pelvic disorders can be associated with changes in the biomechanical properties in the muscle, ligaments and/or connective tissue form fascia and ligaments. In this sense, the study of their mechanical behavior is important to understand the structure and function of these biological soft tissues. The aim of this study was to establish the biomechanical properties of the pelvic floor muscles of continent and incontinent women, using an inverse finite element analysis (FEA). The numerical models, including the pubovisceral muscle and pelvic bones were built from magnetic resonance (MR) images acquired at rest. The numerical simulation of Valsalva maneuver was based on the finite element method and the material constants were determined for different constitutive models (Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Yeoh) using an iterative process. The material constants (MPa) for Neo-Hookean (c₁) were 0.039 ± 0.022 and 0.024 ± 0.004 for continent vs. incontinent women. For Mooney-Rivlin (c₁) the values obtained were 0.026 ± 0.010 vs. 0.016 ± 0.003, and for Yeoh (c₁) the values obtained were 0.031 ± 0.023 vs. 0.016 ± 0.002, (p < 0.05). Muscle displacements obtained in the numerical simulations of Valsalva maneuver were compared with the muscle displacements obtained through additional dynamic MRI. Incontinent women presented a higher antero-posterior displacement than the continent women. The results were also similar between MRI and numerical simulations (40.27% vs. 42.17% for Neo-Hookean, 39.87% for Mooney-Rivlin and 41.61% for Yeoh). Using an inverse FEA coupled with MR images allowed to obtain the in vivo biomechanical properties of the pelvic floor muscles, leading to a relationship between them for the continent and incontinent women in a non-invasive manner.     

Effect of some common West African farm-made feeds on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus

The effects of two common West African farm-made feeds on postprandial metabolism were assessed in adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by quantifying the oxygen consumption rates (MO₂) and total ammonia-nitrogen (TAN) excretion over a 24-h period. Measurements followed the ingestion of a single meal of a fishmeal-based control diet and two diets containing 30% copra (CM) or palm kernel meal (PKM) inclusions by groups of 15 adult O. niloticus per tank. The mean net MO₂ (postprandial oxygen consumption corrected for routine metabolic rate) during digestion for the different tilapia groups varied narrowly between 112.2 ± 9.9 and 129.9 ± 20.4 mg O₂ kg^?1 h^?1 with the fish fed the CM diet recording a significantly lower (p = 0.04) net MO₂ response relative to the other two diets. Net TAN excretion rates of the different dietary groups varied between 3.4 ± 1.4 and 4.4 ± 1.6 mg TAN kg^?1 h^?1. Under the standardized experimental conditions, copra and PKMs appeared to be promising candidates as partial replacements to fishmeal in tilapia diets as far as rates of oxygen consumption and ammonia-nitrogen excretion are concerned.     

Actinopolyspora dayingensis sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete isolated from a hypersaline lake

A novel halophilic, filamentous actinomycete, designated TRM 4064^T, was isolated from a hypersaline habitat in Sichuan Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on an almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TRM 4064^T showed that it was most closely related to Actinopolyspora mortivallis (99.1 % sequence similarity). The sequence similarities between strain TRM 4064^T and other Actinopolyspora species with validly-published names were <97.0 %. However, it had relatively low mean values for DNA–DNA relatedness with the A. mortivallis DSM 44261^T (23.2 %). Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 7.0 and in the presence of 13 % (w/v) NaCl. The whole-cell sugar pattern consists of xylose, glucose, ribose and arabinose. The predominant menaquinones are MK-10(H₄) (38.2 %), MK-9(H₄) (25.1 %), MK-9(H₂) (28.6 %) and MK-8(H₄) (7.3 %). The major fatty acids are anteiso-C_17:0 (36.9 %) and iso-C_17:0 (19.3 %). The diagnostic phospholipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and two unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of the type strain is 66.3 mol%. Strain TRM 4064^T therefore represents a novel species of the genus Actinopolyspora, for which the name Actinopolyspora dayingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM 4064^T (= KCTC 19979^T = CCTCC AA 2010010^T).     

An assessment of the floristic composition,structure and possible origin of a liana forest in the Guayana Shield

Liana is a life form that possesses high importance in many Neotropical forests. Density of climbers apparently increases with the intervention rate (e.g. logging). The aim of this work is to characterize the structure, floristic composition and soils of a sector classified as Liana Forest (LF). We identified an LF sector in a not-logged area; three 1 ha square plots were measured (individuals ≥ 10 cm dbh, “diameter at breast height”). In each plot, we evaluate four 100 m² square understory subplots (all spermatophyta individuals < 10 cm dbh). LF has a low canopy ( < 15 m) and is dominated by Alexa imperatricis and Pentaclethra macroloba. Basal area (20.4 m²ha^? 1) and diversity (H′ = 2.6) are lower than other surrounding plots. Understory is dominated by gnarled climbers, and the most important are Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides and Bauhinia scala-simiae. Soil is extremely acidic, with very low fertility but is similar to neighboring places. We conclude that LF was neither originated by edaphic restrictions nor logging; LF probably suffered a hurricane wind that fell down most of the canopy trees, thick individuals of climber species also disappeared, and the current successional stage favors a recovery dominated with thin individuals of this life form.     

Isolation of a Halophilic,Bacteriorhodopsin-producing Archaeon,Haloferax larsenii RG3D.1 from the Rocky Beach of Malvan,West Coast of India

Haloarchaea live in saline environments and require salt for their growth. The present study reports on the isolation of a haloarchaeal strain RG3D.1 identified as Haloferax larsenii using Sehgal and Gibbons medium with 3.42 M NaCl, from Rock Garden at Malvan in the West Coast of India. The rock type of Malvan Coast is correlated based on geological setting with the basal member of the Bababudan group placed at 2728 ± 102 million years ago (Ma). The haloarchaeal strain produced bacteriorhodopsin (BR) (0.137 g l^?1) and generated electric potential of 49.2 mV when exposed to sunlight. Thus, this is the first report on the isolation of a haloarchaeon, Haloferax larsenii, from red rocky substrate and production of BR.     

Revision and typification of names in Canarian Sonchus (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) published by or based on material from E. R. Sventenius

In the present paper we analyse the validity and nomenclatural status of the names of 16 taxa (eight species, four interspecific hybrids, one subspecies and three varieties) in Macaronesian Sonchus described or collected by E. R. Sventenius. As there is much controversy regarding their validity, mainly concerning the proper indication of the types and their location, we conducted a general revision of exsiccata, collected by Sventenius and kept at ORT, GB and BC, in order to locate possible type material. As a result, we located five holotypes, designated six lectotypes (four of which are illustrations), two neotypes and two epitypes, and located six isotypes and one paratype. We propose accepting the validity of most of Sventenius's names in the group with the exception of those whose protologue includes more than one gathering. Because except for S. ortunoi Svent. the taxa have valid names subsequently published by L. Boulos, we introduce a valid name for S. ortunoi here. Furthermore, we indicate legitimate names in the more widely circumscribed Sonchus that is now recognized based on recent phylogenetic reconstructions; in addition, we introduce the new combinations S.×rupicola (Svent.) A. Santos & Mejías and S.×decipiens (Svent.) A. Santos & Mejías.     

Toxic effect of deltamethrin on the life table and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)

Effect of deltamethrin (Decis 2.8% EC) on the fitness of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) was determined using demographic studies. Survivorship (I_x) and expectancy (e_x) was high with commencement of age and gradually decreased with progression of age in the exposed and unexposed groups. Highest number of unhatched eggs (~20%) was recorded with LC₅₀ (79.0 mg/L) opposed to 1% in the control. Daily fecundity rate was significantly greater (200 females/day) in the control than 126 in LC₂₀ (5.13 mg/L). Potential fecundity was lowest (179 females/female/generation) with LC₅₀ treatment than 675 in the control. Smallest value of intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) occurred at LC₅₀ (0.0393 females/female/day) while the highest value (0.0539) was at control. Overall larval development was significantly reduced to 18.0 days with LC₅₀ opposed to 24.1 days at control. Pupal period was shortened to 7.6 days with LC₅₀, while it recorded 9.3 days in control.     

Structural and functional studies on a variant of cystatin purified from brain of Capra hircus

Cystatins, known for their ubiquitous presence in mammalian system are thiol protease inhibitors serving important physiological functions. Here, we present a variant of cystatin isolated from brain of Capra hircus (goat) which is glycosylated but lacks disulphide bonds. Caprine brain cystatin (CBC) was isolated using alkaline treatment, ammonium sulphate fractionation (40–60%) and gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-100HR column with an overall yield of 26.29% and 322-fold purification. The inhibitor gave a molecular mass of ~44 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration behaviour. The Stokes radius and diffusion coefficient of CBC were 27.14 Å and 8.18 × 10^?7 cm² s^?1, respectively. Kinetic data revealed that CBC inhibited thiol proteases reversibly and competitively, with the highest inhibition towards papain (K_i = 4.10 nM) followed by ficin and bromelain. CBC possessed 34.7% α-helical content as observed by CD spectroscopy. UV, fluorescence, CD and FTIR spectroscopy revealed significant conformational change upon CBC-papain complex formation. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to measure the thermodynamic parameters – ΔH, ΔS, ΔG along with N (binding stoichiometry) for CBC-papain complex formation. Binding stoichiometry (N = .97 ± .07 sites) for the CBC-papain complex indicates that cystatin is surrounded by nearly one papain molecule. Negative ΔH (?5.78 kcal mol^?1) and positive ΔS (11.01 cal mol^?1 deg^?1) values suggest that the interaction between CBC and papain is enthalpically as well as entropically favoured process. The overall negative ΔG (?9.19 kcal mol^?1) value implies a spontaneous CBC-papain interaction.     

Enhanced production of a diastereomer type of mannosylerythritol lipid-B by the basidiomycetous yeast Pseudozyma tsukubaensis expressing lipase genes from Pseudozyma antarctica

Basidiomycetous yeasts in the genus Pseudozyma are known to produce extracellular glycolipids called mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs). Pseudozyma tsukubaensis produces a large amount of MEL-B using olive oil as the sole carbon source (> 70 g/L production). The MEL-B produced by P. tsukubaensis is a diastereomer type of MEL-B, which consists of 4-O-β-d-mannopyranosyl-(2R,3S)-erythritol as a sugar moiety, in contrast to the conventional type of MELs produced by P. antarctica, which contain 4-O-β-d mannopyranosyl-(2S,3R)-erythritol. In this study, we attempted to increase the production of the diastereomer type of MEL-B in P. tsukubaensis 1E5 by introducing the genes encoding two lipases, PaLIPAp (PaLIPA) and PaLIPBp (PaLIPB) from P. antarctica T-34. Strain 1E5 expressing PaLIPA exhibited higher lipase activity than the strain possessing an empty vector, which was used as a negative control. Strains of 1E5 expressing PaLIPA or PaLIPB showed 1.9- and 1.6-fold higher MEL-B production than the negative control strain, respectively, and oil consumption was also accelerated by the introduction of these lipase genes. MEL-B production was estimated using time course analysis in the recombinant strains. Strain 1E5 expressing PaLIPA produced 37.0 ± 1.2 g/L of MEL-B within 4 days of cultivation, whereas the strain expressing an empty vector produced 22.1 ± 7.5 g/L in this time. Overexpression of PaLIPA increased MEL-B production by P. tsukubaensis strain 1E5 from olive oil as carbon source by more than 1.7-fold.