直额绒螯蟹新模记述(甲壳纲,十足目)

形态学和分子生物学的研究表明:直额绒螯蟹Eri- 物异名.本文为直额绒螯蟹指定了新模,并对此进行了描ocheir recta(Stimpson,1858)足一有效种名,应予恢复.台述.湾绒螯蟹Eriocheir formosa Chan,Hung et Yu,1995是它的同物异名.本文为直额绒螯蟹指定了新模,并对此进行了描述.     

球针壳属一新种

本文报道采自云南省丽江县,寄生在腺毛木兰Indigofera scabrida Dunn.(Leguminosae)上的球针壳属一新种,即小疣球针壳Phyllactinla verruculosa Xie.新种有汉文和拉丁文描述。     

Peptaibiomics: Screening for polypeptide antibiotics (peptaibiotics) from plant-protective Trichoderma species

Eight strains of Trichoderma species (T. strigosum, T. erinaceus, T. pubescens, T. stromaticum, and T. spirale as well as T. cf. strigosum, T. cf. pubescens) were selected because of their antagonistic potential against Eutypa dieback and Esca which are fungal diseases of grapevine trunks. These isolates were screened for the production of a group of polypeptide antibiotics named peptaibiotics, including its subgroups peptaibols and lipopeptaibols. Fully-grown fungal cultures on potato-dextrose agar were extracted with CH(2)Cl(2)/MeOH, and these extracts were subjected to SPE using C(18) cartridges. The methanolic eluates were analyzed by on-line LC/ESI-MS(n) coupling--a method which is referred to as 'peptaibiomics'. New seven-, ten-, and eleven-residue lipopeptaibols, with N-terminal alkanoyl, and C-terminal leucinol or isoleucinol residues were found and named lipostrigocins and lipopubescins. Furthermore, new 18-residue peptaibols named trichostromaticins and 19-residue peptaibols named trichostrigocins were discovered. One peptaibiotic carrying a free C-terminal valine (or isovaline) named trichocompactin XII was also sequenced. These results corroborate the hypothesis that peptaibiotics might contribute to the plant-protective action of their fungal producers. The data also point out that comparison of peptaibiotic sequences is of limited relevance in order to establish chemotaxonomic relationships among species of the genus Trichoderma.     

峡东地区上奥陶统高庙坡组球节子类及其它多节类三叶虫

系统描述湖北宜昌和秭归新滩晚奥陶世庙坡组球接子类及多节类三叶虫动物群中的１４种,分属于９属、７科、。根据化石保存状态、挤压变形以及个体发育特征,对前人所报道的产于本组的有关三叶早作了大量归并、转移和重新厘定,新的材料支持解释Telephiana longicephala的性双形现象。Ａtractopyge系首次在庙坡组中发现,以往它在三峡地区只见于临湘组。文中还将新疆的一个保留命名种Ｌonchodomas cf.yohi重新命名为Ｌonchodomas zhangi sp.nov.。     

A new synthesis of bis(diacylglycero)phosphate

The chemical synthesis of bis(diacylglycero)phosphate previously named bisphosphatidic acid, starting with a diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid, is described. The phosphodiester bond formation is catalyzed by triisopropylbenzenesulfonylchloride. This simple approach allows the preparation of saturated as well as unsaturated bis(diacylglycero)phosphate species in one step without the use of any protecting group. The methods used until now yield only mono-acid species, or mixed-acid unsaturated species after many steps involving the introduction and the removal of protecting groups. The synthetic products have been characterized by component analysis and NMR-techniques.     

兰科盆距兰属（Gastrochilus）植物的修订

本文对盆距兰属（Ｇａｓｔｒｏｃｈｉｌｕｓ）植物作了修订,共分３个组,含４６种和１变种,其中１个组（Ｓｅｃｔ．Ｃａｅｓｐｉｔｏｓｉ）和８个种（Ｇ．ｃａｒｎｓｕｓ,Ｇ．ｇａｒｈｗａｌｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｇ．ｌｉｎｅａｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｓ,Ｇ．ｇｕａｎｇｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｇ．ｓｕｂｐａｐｉｌｌｏｓｕｓ,Ｇ．ｎａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｇ．ｓａｃｃａｔｕｓａｎｄＧ．ｇｏｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）为新的,首次在本文作了描述报导。本属属的形态特征,研究历史和订正后属下的分类群检索表,种的文献引证、简短的特征记要和地理分布以及在属中被排除的分类单位索引均提供在本文。     

Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) in Pennsylvania with a description of one new species

Intestinal contents of 41 eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus) from Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, were examined for the presence of Eimeria spp. Three previously named species were identified: E. lateralis (prevalence = 9%), E. ovata (3%), and E. vilasi (74%); 1 new species, Eimeria tamiensis n. sp. (74%), is described here. This report extends the geographic ranges of the named species into Pennsylvania. Sporulated oocysts of E. tamiensis n. sp. are ovoid and 18.6 x 14.5 (16-23 x 12-17) microm, with no micropyle or residuum. Sporocysts are ellipsoid and 8.6 x 5.4 (7-10 x 4-8) microm. with a Stieda body and granular residuum. Prevalences of E. lateralis and E. vilasi were similar to those reported previously. The differences in prevalences may be due to different life-history strategies of high- and low-prevalence Eimeria species.     

Lorilichus,a new genus of feather mites (Acarina,Pterolichidae) from lories and lorikeets (Aves,Psittacidae)

Lorilichus n. g. (Pterolichidae, Pterolichinae) is restricted to the Indo-Australian parrots of the family Loriidae. Assigned to this new genus are Pterolichus (Pseudalloptes) species described by Trouessart in 1884, namely, lobiger (type-species), delibativentris, discifer, cultriventris, emargiventris and securiventris. The first three named species are illustrated and two new species, parvifolius and grandifolius, are described: the five species are from Lorius domicellus (L.).     

Viral glycoproteins synthesis in Friend cell lines producing polycythemic (FV-P) and anemic (FV-A) Friend viruses

Two tumor Friend cell lines producing anemia-inducing virus (TF-A line) or polycythemia-inducing virus (TF-P line) were compared for their viral-encoded glycoproteins. The envelope glycoproteins of the two viral populations differ by their electrophoretic mobilities. The gpr^env precursors also differ by their relative mobilities. The TF-P cells contain the typical gp50–52 molecular species, which is coded for by Spleen Focus Forming sequences (SFFV) present in the genome of the polycythemia-inducing virus. The TF-A cells do not contain the gp50–52, but express in small amounts a species with a higher apparent molecular weight. This species which has been named FV-A gp55 could be equivalent to the gp50–52 coded for by the SFFV sequences. Very similar results were obtained with leukemic cells prepared from enlarged spleens of mice infected with the anemic or polycythemic Friend viruses.     

The genus Nauplius (Asteraceae-Inuleae)

Nauplius (named Bubonium in previous publications) is a mainly Macaronesian and N African genus belonging to the Inula -group of the Asteraceae-Inuleae. Eight species and five subspecies are recognized and a key to all taxa is included. The morphology, phylogeny and phytogeography of the genus are also discussed.     

Stevewoodia minutum, a new genus and species of Scolytidae (Coleoptera) from the West Indies. Studies on West Indian Scolytidae (Coleoptera) 6

A new genus of Scolytidae (Coleoptera), Stevewoodia, from St. Lucia in the Lesser Antilles, is herein named and described. The type species, Stevewoodia minutumsp. n. is also named. The genus is named in honor of the late Steven L. Wood for his many contributions to the systematics of the Scolytidae.     

Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses

The recent identification of nonprimate hepaciviruses in dogs and then in horses prompted us to look for pegiviruses (GB virus-like viruses) in these species. Although none were detected in canines, we found widespread natural infection of horses by a novel pegivirus. Unique genomic features and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the tentatively named equine pegivirus (EPgV) represents a novel species within the Pegivirus genus. We also determined that EPgV causes persistent viremia whereas its clinical significance is undetermined.     

烟夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因的克隆、序列分析与表达

为探明谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）在昆虫嗅觉识别中的作用, 本研究采用RT-PCR和RACE方法, 从烟夜蛾Helicoverpa assulta（Guenée）雄虫触角中克隆获得了1个GSTs基因的全长cDNA序列（GenBank登录号为EU289223）。将该基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他物种的GSTs进行同源性比对和系统发育分析, 发现该蛋白属于昆虫特异性Epsilon家族成员, 因此将该基因命名为HaGSTe1。同时从烟夜蛾基因组DNA中克隆获得了该基因序列, 发现序列中含有5个内含子, 长度分别为415,513,296,333和269 bp。利用半定量RT-PCR和实时荧光定量PCR方法对HaGSTe1在雌、 雄虫不同组织的表达进行了定性和定量分析, 结果显示, 该基因在雌、 雄虫的头部（去掉触角和喙）、触角、喙、胸、足、翅以及雌虫的腹部均有表达, 并且在雄虫触角中的表达量最高, 且显著高于雌虫触角, 这种表达情况提示其可能与触角中性信息素及其他外源物质的分解有关。     

Current status of the Drosophila melanogaster species-group (Diptera)

Abstract. The Drosphila melanogaster species-group, established by Sturtevant (1942) for fourteen species, is now known to contain 115 described species here divided into twelve named subgroups (including one newly proposed), as well as further undescribed species. Three of the species, melanogaster, simulans and ananassae , are cosmopolitan; two others, kikkawai and malerkotliana , are widespread in the southern hemisphere, the latter apparently a recent introduction to South America. The greatest numbers of species otherwise occur in the Oriental region with smaller numbers in the Ethiopian, eastern Palaearctic and Australian regions and in several islands of the South Pacific. D.rajasekari and D.raychaudhurii are synonymized with D.biamipes;also D.andamanensis Parshad & Singh is synonymized with D.andamanensis Gupta & Raychaudhuri.     

Fungal symbionts (Harpellales) in Norwegian aquatic insect larvae

Collections of aquatic insect larvae in Norway, over a 40 d period in May and Aug 2002, resulted in finding more than 25 species and one new genus of Harpellales (Trichomycetes). Nine new fungal symbionts are described and named: Ephemerellomyces aquilonius (a new monotypic genus), Glotzia stenospora and Legeriosimilis europaeus in mayfly nymphs (Ephemeroptera); Genistelloides amplispora and G. communis in stonefly nymphs (Plecoptera); and Smittium biforme, Sm. precipitiorum, Stachylina acutibasilaris and St. lentica in midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Two possibly new species of Smittium in Chironomidae larvae are described but not formally named. New hosts and biogeographical distributions are recorded for 14 previously described species, including the rare occurrence of Smittium simulii in mosquito larvae.     

Trichomycetes (Zygomycota) in the digestive tract of arthropods in Amazonas, Brazil

Eight species of Harpellales and three species of Eccrinales (Zygomycota: Trichomycetes) were found associated with the digestive tract of arthropods from terrestrial and aquatic environments in the central Amazon region of Brazil. New species of Harpellales include: Harpella amazonica, Smittium brasiliense, Genistellospora tropicalis in Simuliidae larvae and Stachylina paucispora in Chironomidae larvae. Axenic cultures of S. brasiliense were obtained. Probable new species of Enterobryus (Eccrinales), Harpella, and Stachylina (Harpellales) are described but not named. Also reported are the previously known species of Eccrinales, Passalomyces compressus and Leidyomyces attenuatus in adult Coleoptera (Passalidae), and Smittium culisetae and Smittium aciculare (Harpellales) in Culicidae and Simuliidae larvae, respectively. Comments on the distribution of some of these fungi and their hosts in the Neotropics are provided.     

中国更新世兔属化石的厘定

在对我国现生兔属各种骨骼特征研究的基础上,通过形态特征的观察与测量数据的分析,修订了已有的兔属化石材料。将周口店第1,2,6,20,山顶洞和东岭子洞等地点以及山东平邑发现的兔标本归入草兔Lepus capensis。以前被归入Lepus wongi种内的标本,除周口店第13地点及蓝田陈家窝子的应属于Lepus teilhardi外,其余地点的皆为Lepus capensis,因此L.wongi失去了原有的意义,为无效种。周口店第16地点的标本归入华南兔Lepus sinensis,是该种目前惟一的化石记录。辽宁营口金牛山的标本暂时归入东北兔Lepus mandschuricus。我国更新世共发现两个化石种和4个现生种。其中化石种Lepus teilhardi和L.ziboensis出现在早更新世晚期至中更新世早期,现生种L.capensis,L.mandschuricus,L.sinensis和L.comus分别出现在中更新世与晚更新世。初步讨论了兔属的起源,认为兔属可能起源于上新世的Trischizolagus。     

Further records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Iran

Wide ranging surveys of the ant fauna of Iran have enabled us to add a further 30 named species to the country list. A review of almost all the published literature and of photographs of unidentified specimens within the public domain gives a grand total of 248 species, from seven subfamilies and 37 genera. In the majority of instances, our own specimens were compared with type images available from antweb.com. This has led us to propose new or revised status for Cataglyphis turcomanica Crawley 1920, Lepisiota integrisquama (Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929), Lepisiota surchanica (Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929) and Messor obscurior Crawley 1920. We note that the total includes a number of what may be misidentifications and a small number of named species that seem unlikely to occur in Iran.     

A new species of shrew tenrec (Microgale jobihely) from northern Madagascar

A new species of shrew tenrec in the genus Microgale is described from a series of 12 specimens taken on the south-western slopes of the Tsaratanana Massif in northern Madagascar and is named Microgale jobihely . This new species is distinguished from other named members of this endemic genus by a variety of mensural and discrete morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial ND2 gene supports its recognition as a distinct species and suggests a sister relationship with the much more widespread Microgale cowani . Microgale jobihely appears to be the only member of this genus that is a very localized endemic, and a biogeographic scenario is presented to explain this observation. It is currently known from a small area of forest, outside of the protected areas system, that is faced with considerable anthropogenic pressure.     

Revision and checklist of the species (other than lecudina) of the aseptate gregarine family Lecudinidae.

A checklist is given of the 89 named species of the gregarine family Lecudininae, exclusive of the 42 named species of the genus Lecudina (phylum Apicomplexa, class Sporozoea, subclass Gregarinia, order Eugregarinida, suborder Aseptatina). The list includes also the synonyms, host names, locations in hosts, known geographic distributions of the species, as well as key references. Another list is given of synonyms, lapsi calami, nomina nuda, etc., associated with the genera. A new genus, Paraophioidina g.n., with type species, Paraophioidina haeckeli (Mingazzini, 1891) and a new species, Lankesteria ormieresi sp. n., are described. There are also new combinations in the genera Bhatiella, Ancora, Monocystella, Ascocystis, and Paraophioidina.