卵泡刺激素受体短肽的表达及纯化

目的:表达人卵泡刺激素受体(follicle-stimulating hormone receptor,FSHR)N端第18-34氨基酸片段.方法:将FSHR N端第18-34氨基酸片段克隆p-pGEX4T-1中,构建成重组质粒pGEX4T-1-FSHRN(18-34位氨基酸).将该重组质粒转化E.coli BL21后,IPTG诱导其表达,经亲和层析进行分离纯化,western blot鉴定.结果:克隆成功,并表达FSHRN端第18-34氨基酸片段,所表达的融合蛋白中60%为可溶性蛋白.结论:成功克隆、表达、纯化了人FSHRN端第18-34氨基酸片段,为后续动物免疫试验提供抗原.     

草鱼促性腺激素基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

选用原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,分别插入草鱼GTH和FSHβ的cDNA序列,构建成N端含有GST融合蛋白标签的表达质粒,分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下表达出2个融合蛋白,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示重组融合蛋白GST-GTHα和GST-FSHβ的相对分子质量大约为35、38 kD.用抗GST标签的单克隆抗体分别对2个表达蛋白进行Western blot鉴定,结果显示重组蛋白表达正确.利用制备型SDS-PAGE纯化回收的蛋白并免疫新西兰大白兔,分别制备了抗GTH和抗FSHβ的具有较高效价的多克隆抗体.该结果为纯化天然GTH蛋白提供了有效的检测手段,也为进一步制备GTH单克隆抗体奠定了基础.     

呼吸道合胞病毒F1片段膜外区的原核表达及其多克隆抗体制备

目的:利用大肠杆菌表达人呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)F蛋白的F1片段膜外区,制备其多克隆抗体,为RSV的相关研究提供检测抗体。方法:采用全基因合成方法合成RSV的F1片段膜外区基因,构建带有His-Tag的原核表达载体p ET28a-F1-His,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)细胞,37℃、IPTG诱导表达,超声波破菌,离心收集包涵体,溶解后经镍离子亲和层析方法进行纯化。纯化的蛋白经SDS-PAGE回收后切胶研磨,免疫大耳白兔,制备RSV的F蛋白多抗血清,采用Western印迹检测血清特异性。结果:构建的p ET28a-F1-His重组质粒在大肠杆菌中表达目的蛋白,其相对分子质量约44×10~3,与理论值一致,免疫后获得的多克隆抗体可特异性识别RSV F蛋白。结论:制备了RSV F蛋白的兔源多克隆抗体,为进一步研究RSV F蛋白疫苗奠定了基础。     

人早胚发育相关蛋白ZNF268的抗体制备

目的:获得纯化抗原用于制备ZNF268的多克隆抗体。方法:PCR扩增目的基因片Spacer区序列,亚克隆入融合蛋白表达载体pET28a+,构建了重组质粒pET28a+/SPA。然后将该重组质粒转化E.coliDE3(Rosseta),IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE分离,获纯化融合蛋白6His-SPA。用6His-SPA免疫家兔,颈动脉取血,分离血清,从血清中获得ZNF268特异的多克隆抗体。结论:通过构建融合蛋白重组表达质粒pET28a+/SPA,用获得的初步纯化融合蛋白6His-SPA,制备了特异的ZNF268的多克隆抗体6His-SPA Ab。     

茶树咖啡碱合成酶基因原核表达、及其抗体制备与鉴定

克隆出茶树咖啡碱合成酶基因,对其进行原核表达,并制备TCS1抗体,旨在从蛋白水平研究茶树体内TCS1的表达情况。根据Gen Bank登陆的TCS1基因的全长c DNA序列,找出其完整的ORF(开放阅读框),从茶树叶片c DNA中克隆了TCS1基因的开放阅读框,连接到p GEX-4T-2表达载体,经IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白p GEX-4T-2-TCS1。进行体外酶活检测后,亲和层析纯化重组蛋白,作为抗原免疫家兔,制备TCS1多克隆抗体。用ELISA方法检测抗体效价,Western blot检测抗体的特异性。通过优化诱导条件,得出重组蛋白的最佳表达条件为:30℃、4 h。诱导后的总蛋白、可溶性蛋白与包涵体蛋白均出现一条明显的外源蛋白条带。抗体经ELISA检测,效价为1∶2 000,Western blot检测表明抗体具有相对较好的特异性。构建了TCS1原核表达质粒,同时成功制备了抗TCS1的多克隆抗体。     

抗人卵泡刺激素受体多克隆抗体的制备及其对实验大鼠骨质疏松的抑制作用

近年来,卵泡刺激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)在骨质疏松中的作用得到了证实。卵泡刺激素受体(FSH receptor,FSHR)在成熟的人破骨细胞及破骨细胞前体即单核细胞表面表达,成为阻断FSH作用的潜在靶点。制备了高滴度的兔抗人FSHR多克隆抗体,采用双侧去卵巢手术方法建立SD(Sprague-Dawley)大鼠骨质疏松症动物模型,观察抗FSHR抗体对大鼠实验骨质疏松症的治疗效果。结果显示,卵巢摘除(ovariectomized,OVX)大鼠经抗FSHR多抗和亮丙瑞林(leuprorelin,LE)治疗两周后,与PBS对照组相比,血清FSH和黄体酮(luteinizing hormone,LH)水平显著降低(P0.05),而雌二醇(estrogen,E2)水平有一定升高,但结果不显著(P0.05)。另外,骨组织化学染色显示多抗和LE治疗组大鼠骨小梁数目增加,断裂现象较少。这些结果初步表明,采用抗FSHR抗体对SD大鼠骨质疏松症具有一定的治疗作用。     

果蝇Hsp83多克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的制备和鉴定抗Hsp83蛋白的多克隆抗体。方法利用PCR技术从果蝇cDNA中获得hsp83基因片段,构建重组质粒;将其转化到BL21(DE3)菌株中诱导蛋白表达,利用Ni-NTA亲和法纯化重组蛋白;再将纯化的蛋白免疫BALB/C小鼠制备多克隆抗体;利用免疫印迹法(Western blot)和免疫荧光染色法检测多克隆抗体的特异性。结果构建的pET28ahsp83质粒在大肠杆菌中成功表达了Hsp83融合蛋白,蛋白纯化后作为抗原免疫小鼠,获得了抗Hsp83的多克隆抗体。免疫印迹法和免疫荧光染色法检测显示,抗果蝇Hsp83多克隆抗体具有较高的特异性,并能检测出内源性Hsp83蛋白。果蝇卵巢免疫荧光染色显示,Hsp83蛋白定位在卵巢细胞的细胞质中。结论成功制备了小鼠抗Hsp83蛋白的特异性抗体,此工作为深入研究Hsp83蛋白的功能奠定了基础。     

粗糙脉孢菌ERG-11蛋白抗原的原核表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体制备

构建p ET-28a(+)-ERG-11重组质粒,表达6×His-ERG-11融合蛋白,制备ERG-11多克隆抗体。采用PCR技术扩增目的片段,插入p ET-28a(+)原核表达载体,并转入E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态表达融合蛋白,融合蛋白经亲和纯化及分子筛纯化后免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,取血清后,采用间接ELISA法和Western blot法检测多克隆抗体的效价及特异性。成功构建了p ET-28a(+)-ERG-11表达载体,SDS-PAGE电泳显示成功诱导出以包涵体形式存在的6×His-ERG-11融合蛋白,两步纯化后得到纯度较高的抗原,间接ELISA法显示制备的多克隆抗体效价达到1∶512 000,Western blot显示具有较高特异性。成功实现了粗超脉孢菌ERG-11蛋白的原核表达,制备出一支兔抗粗超脉孢菌ERG-11的多克隆抗体。     

抗CD47胞外区骆驼多克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

验证人CD47蛋白能否在新疆双峰驼中产生高滴度抗体;为制备高亲和力的抗CD47纳米抗体提供实验依据。构建CD47胞外区原核表达载体,诱导表达及纯化CD47蛋白,免疫新疆双峰驼。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和Western blot分别检测骆驼多克隆抗体的效价及与CD47蛋白特异性结合活性。结果显示,成功构建CD47胞外区原核表达载体,获得纯度大于90%的CD47蛋白,表达纯化的CD47重组蛋白可与抗CD47单抗B6H12.2特异结合;ELISA测定CD47重组蛋白免疫骆驼7次后,抗CD47多克隆抗血清的效价至少达到1∶200 000,免疫印迹检测表明抗CD47骆驼抗血清与CD47重组蛋白、Jurkat和Raji细胞表面表达的CD47均能特异结合。重组人CD47蛋白可以在骆驼体内激发高滴度抗体反应。     

羊口疮病毒119蛋白表达、纯化和多克隆抗体的制备

[目的]克隆表达羊口疮病毒ORFV119蛋白,以纯化重组蛋白为免疫原制备鼠多克隆抗体,并鉴定抗体的特性。[方法]PCR扩增ORFV119基因,克隆入原核表达载体p ET-28a(+)中构建重组质粒p ET28a-119。经双酶切和测序正确后,转化感受态大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE鉴定融合蛋白表达情况。表达产物进行超声破碎和Ni柱纯化,之后目的蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备ORFV119多克隆抗体并对其通过中和实验进行鉴定。[结果]成功构建重组质粒p ET28a-119,在大肠杆菌BL21中ORFV119融合蛋白以部分可溶形式表达。可溶性目的蛋白纯化后作为免疫原制备鼠多克隆抗体,抗体效价达1∶12 800,中和实验显示该多抗具有保护作用,可减轻宿主细胞在病毒感染时的病变效应(中和效价66 ND50/m L)。[结论]成功诱导表达、纯化ORFV119蛋白并制备其多克隆抗体,为深入研究ORFV感染、发病机理及羊口疮疾病的临床诊断奠定基础。     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.     

Acidophilic and acid-tolerant fungi and yeasts

Fungi have not been systematically studied from mines and mine drainage waters, even though they are often encountered there. This paper provides a key from literature sources and lists morphological characteristics and habitat information for the 81 fungal species that have been collected or identified in pH <4 environments.