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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of previously published findings on hand preferences in chimpanzees by evaluating hand use in a second colony of captive chimpanzees. We assessed hand preferences for a coordinated bimanual task in 116 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center and compared them to previously published findings in captive chimpanzees at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. The new sample showed significant population-level right handedness, which is consistent with previously published findings in the Yerkes chimpanzees. Combined data on the 2 chimpanzee colonies, revealed a significant effect of rearing history on hand preference, with wild-caught chimpanzees showing less right-handedness than captive-born mother-reared chimpanzees. We discuss the results in terms of the role of early environment on the development of laterality. 相似文献
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Hopkins WD Russell JL Hostetter A Pilcher D Dahl JF 《American journal of physical anthropology》2005,128(1):57-62
This paper examined the association between grip type, hand use, and fingerprint patterns in a sample of captive chimpanzees. Grip type for simple reaching was assessed for the left and right hand and classified as thumb-index, middle-index, or single-digit responses. Fingerprint patterns were characterized as whorls, loops, or arches on each finger. The results indicated that chimpanzees exhibit significantly more thumb-index responses for the right compared to the left hand. In addition, thumb-index responses were more prevalent for subjects that had a whorl compared to a loop or arch on their thumb. The results suggest that fingerprint patterns are associated with individual differences in grasping type in chimpanzees as well as some variation in hand use. 相似文献
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William D. Hopkins Lisa Reamer Mary Catherine Mareno Steven J. Schapiro 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2015,282(1800)
Chimpanzees are well known for their tool using abilities. Numerous studies have documented variability in tool use among chimpanzees and the role that social learning and other factors play in their development. There are also findings on hand use in both captive and wild chimpanzees; however, less understood are the potential roles of genetic and non-genetic mechanisms in determining individual differences in tool use skill and laterality. Here, we examined heritability in tool use skill and handedness for a probing task in a sample of 243 captive chimpanzees. Quantitative genetic analysis, based on the extant pedigrees, showed that overall both tool use skill and handedness were significantly heritable. Significant heritability in motor skill was evident in two genetically distinct populations of apes, and between two cohorts that received different early social rearing experiences. We further found that motor skill decreased with age and that males were more commonly left-handed than females. Collectively, these data suggest that though non-genetic factors do influence tool use performance and handedness in chimpanzees, genetic factors also play a significant role, as has been reported in humans. 相似文献
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We provided a constructive replication of a recently published paper by measuring the relationship between handedness and recall of vivid dreams. To do this we asked groups of right- (N = 174), mixed- (N = 16) and left-handed (N = 13) university students to respond to a dream scale. Our data were consistent with those of the recent study in question in that we demonstrated that left-handers were significantly more likely to recall types of dreams that classified as a vivid. These data seem consistent with the profile of right hemispheric talent that is thought to characterize left-handers. 相似文献
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William D. Hopkins Jamie L. Russell Margaret Remkus Hani Freeman Steven J. Schapiro 《International journal of primatology》2007,28(6):1315-1326
Grooming is a complex set of motor actions, common in highly social primates. We tested for asymmetries in hand use during
unimanual and bimanual allogrooming in 215 captive chimpanzees. In addition to hand use, we coded in the ethogram whether
the manual grooming action co-occurred with the use of the mouth. Overall, grooming did not elicit strong handedness at the
individual level, but there is a small yet significant population-level right-hand bias for bimanual grooming. Mouth use during
grooming had no influence on hand use. A comparison of the findings with previously published data on handedness for grooming
in wild chimpanzees suggests that wild apes are more right-handed than captive individuals are for allogrooming. Collectively,
the results suggest that role differentiation of the hands is an important factor in the assessment of handedness for grooming,
and perhaps additional manual actions of chimpanzees and other primates. 相似文献
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Most humans are right‐handed and, like many behavioral traits, there is good evidence that genetic factors play a role in handedness. Many researchers have argued that non‐human animal limb or hand preferences are not under genetic control but instead are determined by random, non‐genetic factors. We used quantitative genetic analyses to estimate the genetic and environmental contributions to three measures of chimpanzee handedness. Results revealed significant population‐level handedness for two of the three measures—the tube task and manual gestures. Furthermore, significant additive genetic effects for the direction and strength of handedness were found for all three measures, with some modulation due to early social rearing experiences. These findings challenge historical and contemporary views of the mechanisms underlying handedness in non‐human animals. 相似文献
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Lydia V. Luncz Roman M. Wittig Christophe Boesch 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2015,370(1682)
Recovering evidence of past human activities enables us to recreate behaviour where direct observations are missing. Here, we apply archaeological methods to further investigate cultural transmission processes in percussive tool use among neighbouring chimpanzee communities in the Taï National Park, Côte d''Ivoire, West Africa. Differences in the selection of nut-cracking tools between neighbouring groups are maintained over time, despite frequent female transfer, which leads to persistent cultural diversity between chimpanzee groups. Through the recovery of used tools in the suggested natal territory of immigrants, we have been able to reconstruct the tool material selection of females prior to migration. In combination with direct observations of tool selection of local residents and immigrants after migration, we uncovered temporal changes in tool selection for immigrating females. After controlling for ecological differences between territories of immigrants and residents our data suggest that immigrants abandoned their previous tool preference and adopted the pattern of their new community, despite previous personal proficiency of the same foraging task. Our study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the importance of conformist tendencies in animals. 相似文献
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Lacreuse Agnès Parr Lisa A. Smith Hope M. Hopkins William D. 《International journal of primatology》1999,20(6):867-881
We tested the hand preferences of 20 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) for a haptic task requiring individuals to search for grapes in an opaque bucket filled with water. We compared these data to the hand preferences displayed by the same chimpanzees during reaching and bimanual feeding tasks. The chimpanzees displayed no significant hand preference for the reaching or bimanual feeding tasks, but exhibited a right-hand preference while performing the haptic task. In contrast, New and Old World monkeys display left-hand preferences for similar tasks. We discuss the relevance of these findings for the evolution of handedness in primates. 相似文献
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Bennett Dyke Timothy B. Gage Patricia L. Alford Brent Swenson Sarah Williams-Blangero 《American journal of primatology》1995,37(1):25-37
Mortality statistics from three captive populations of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were combined to generate standard model life tables for each sex in this species. The model is compared to an estimate of survivorship of a group of wild animals, and is applied to an incomplete data set to illustrate how the model may be used to extend estimates of mortality statistics to missing older ages. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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We present data on hand preference in great apes and discuss them in the context of theoretical models of hand preference in nonhuman primates presented by MacNeilageet al. (1987) and by Fagot and Vauclair (1991). We also discuss several methodological and statistical issues as they pertain to the assessment of hand preference in great apes and other primate species. Finally, we present a comparative framework for the study of hand preference, emphasizing the importance of studies with great apes in developing evolutionary models of hemispheric specialization. 相似文献
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Individual preference for the use of one limb over the other to explore the environment or manipulate objects is common trait among vertebrates. Here, we explore the hypothesis that limb preference is determined by the engagement of a particular cerebral hemisphere to analyse certain stimuli. We recorded the eye and foot preferences of 322 individuals from 16 species of Australian parrots while investigating potential food items. Across all species, eye preferences explained 99 per cent of the variation in foot use in Australian parrots. The vast majority of species showed significant relationships between eye and foot preferences at the population level. 相似文献
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Hopkins WD 《American journal of physical anthropology》2008,137(1):113-118
Understanding the evolutionary origins of hemispheric specialization remains a topic of considerable interest in a variety of scientific disciplines. Whether nonhuman primates exhibit population-level limb preferences continues to be a controversial topic. In this study, limb preferences for ascending and descending locomotion were assessed as a means of examining the hypothesis that asymmetries in forelimb bones might be attributed to asymmetries in posture. The results indicated that captive chimpanzees showed a population-level leftward asymmetry in descending locomotion but no group bias for ascending locomotion. The results are consistent with previous behavioral studies in captive chimpanzees as well as studies on skeletal asymmetries of the forelimbs of chimpanzees. 相似文献
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Hand preference was assessed in 12 gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), 13 orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii), and 9 gibbons (Hylobates lar) by using a floor retrieval task and a mesh retrieval task. Hand preference was also assessed in 8 gorillas and 8 orang-utans by using a task involving the unfastening of a hasp. A bipedal requirement during testing (mesh retrieval task) facilitated detection of hand preferences. A significant left-hand preference was found for the gibbons with 6 of 6 gibbons preferring their left hand on the mesh retrieval task. Similarly, a significant right-hand preference was found for the gorillas with 10 of 12 gorillas preferring their right hand on the mesh retrieval task. The data for the orang-utan suggest a bimodal distribution on all tasks. Since the gibbon and gorilla in the wild engage in bipedal locomotion more frequently than the orangutan, one possible interpretation for these results correlates the degree of bipedal behavior of a species in its natural environment with its readiness to exhibit a unilateral population-level hand preference. 相似文献
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When searching for hidden food, do chimpanzees take into account both the number of hidden items and the number of potential hiding locations? We presented chimpanzees with two trays, each of them containing a different food/cup ratio and therefore a different likelihood of finding a baited cup among empty alternatives. Subjects'' performance was directly influenced by the relative difference (probability ratio (PR)) between the two given probabilities. Interestingly, however, they did not appreciate the special value of a truly safe option (with P = 1.0). Instead, they seemed to ‘blindly’ rely on the PR between the two options, systematically preferring the more likely one once a certain threshold had been reached. A control condition ruled out the possibility of low-level learning explanations for the observed performance. 相似文献
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Varieties of nonmanipulative motor responses were observed in chimpanzees and squirrel monkeys. Chimpanzees displayed a right hand preference for touching their inanimate environments but used their right and left hands equally for touching their faces and their bodies. The latter result was not consistent with previous reports of a left hand preference for face touching in apes. The right hand preference for environmental touching was stronger in male than in female chimpanzees. Squirrel monkeys had a right preference for combined hand and foot responses directed to their bodies, but expressed no handedness for environmentally directed touching. These limb preferences in chimpanzees and squirrel monkeys indicate that neither precise, complex manipulation nor postural instability are necessary conditions for population level hand preferences. Factor analysis of the chimpanzee manual responses showed distinct self and environmentally directed factors. Analysis of the squirrel monkey data also showed self and environmental factors, except that body scratching had a negative loading on the environmental factor. This latter result suggests that self-scratching by squirrel monkeys is a displacement activity that suppresses manual exploration of the environment. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献